Tylodinus complicatus Luna-Cozar, 2014

Luna-Cozar, Jesús, Anderson, Robert S., Jones, Robert W. & León-Cortés, Jorge L., 2014, A taxonomic monograph of the genus Tylodinus Champion (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae: Tylodina) of Chiapas, Mexico, Zootaxa 3788 (1), pp. 1-63 : 44

25. Tylodinus complicatus Luna-Cozar , sp. nov.

( Figures 24–25 , 74-75 , 118 , 131 )

Diagnosis. Length male, 2.2-2.5 mm, female, 2.2-2.5 mm. Width male, 1.0- 1.1 mm, female 1.1-1.3 mm. Body approximately 2.1x longer than wide, cuticle sometimes shiny. Head with yellow scales; vertex with dense to contiguous scales, uniformly distributed along vertex, similar in coloration and tonality to scales on head; frons moderately concave; rostrum moderately robust, moderately carinate, apical area puncticulate, eyes moderately convex. Pronotum in dorsal view weakly convex, outline with anterior constriction and without posterior constriction ( Figure 10 ); in dorsal view with sides slightly divergent from base to midlength, then convergent to apex, constricted beyond middle; disc hollowed, punctures dense to contiguous at base and progressively more widely spaced, smaller, shallower to apex, clothed with yellow scales, very dense on lateral sides and flanks, anterior area forming thick longitudinal fringe along middle and narrow strip that diverges from middle base to flanks, with dark brown scales on middle and posterior areas of disc ( Figure 14 , 74 ). Elytra black with red coloration on base and along intervals 1-2 and intervals 1-5 on declivity ( Figure 74-75 ), basal margin slightly sinuate ( Figure 3 ), clothed with scattered yellow scales, dense on tubercles on intervals 1-5 at declivity base, and on intervals 1-3 along declivity, stria 10 complete; tubercle distribution as follows: I2 with a small and round tubercle on declivity base, I3 with two tubercles, the first tubercle subbasal, the second tubercle on the middle of elytral declivity, I4 with two small tubercles, first tubercle between tubercles on I3, the other tubercle on declivity base, smaller than tubercle on I2 (but in some specimens of same size), I5 with two small tubercles in same position as tubercles on I3, tubercles on I3 longer than other tubercles, surface without granules. Metasternum flat, glabrous at median section, metasternal teeth absent. Male abdomen with ventrites 3-5 in same plane as ventrites 1-2, ventrite 1 weakly concave, almost flat, glabrous at median section, ventrite 2 as long as 3-4, median section glabrous ( Figure 23 ), female with transverse line of scales interrupted medially ( Figure 24 ), ventrite 5 longer than ventrite 1, flat, with anterior impression. Femora armed, hind femur length reaching elytral apex, middle and hind tibiae subparallel, premucro absent. Male genitalia ( Figure 118 ) with median lobe in lateral view moderately curved, stout; in ventral view as long as half length of apodemes, lateral sides subparallel, convex at sides beyond 0.27 of length from base, apex acute; apical process sinuate, moderately curved downward, small (0.17-0.25 as long as body of median lobe); in ventral view constricted beyond median orifice, rhomboid shape apically ( Figure 98e ). Female with tergite eight trapezoidal, sternite eight doliform, apex not constricted, median membranous area 2/3 as long as basal plate, spermatheca shallowly curved, ramus indistinct, nodulus slender.

Comments. Male genitalia in T. complicatus , T. rufus , T. noctis and T. dominicus are very similar; however, T. complicatus is distinguished from its allies by the small size, elytra coloration and hind tibiae without external teeth.

Geographic distribution. México (Chiapas).

Habitat and elevation. Specimens were collected from leaf litter in cloud forest between 1800-2260 m.

Derivation of specific name. Name derived from Latin complicatus = complicated, confused, intricate.

Material examined. Total 64 males, 39 females. Holotype male ( CMNC): México: Chiapas, Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán, La Yerbabuena, 2.1 km NW Pueblo Nuevo, Solistahuacan , 23.ix.1992, Coll. R . Anderson. Paratypes: México: Chiapas, Bochil , 15.1 km NW de Bochil, elev. 1930 m (17° 1'51.6"N, 92° 52'5.9"W), 24.ix.1992, coll. R . S. Anderson — 1 male, 1 female ( CMNC); 17.3 km NW de Bochil , elev. 1800 m, (17° 1'53.8"N, 92° 50'49.2"W), 24.ix.1992, coll. R . S. Anderson — 1 male ( CMNC); Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán, Reserva la Yerbabuena, 2.1 km NW de Pueblo Nuevo, Solistahuacán , elev. 2100 m (17° 11'0.2"N, 92°,53'52.4"W), 23.ix.1992, coll. R . S. Anderson — 4 males, 2 females ( CMNC, ECOS); Coapilla , 5 km NNW Coapilla, elev. 1915 m, (17.18355°N 93.15222°W), 24.v.2008, coll. LLAMA (Wm-A-04-2-01) — 1 female ( CMNC); 5 km NE Coapilla , elev. 1990 m (17°10'14.5"N, 93°8'12.5"W), 26.v.2008, coll. R . S. Anderson (2008-035)— 3 males, 2 females ( BMNH, CMNC); 1.8 km NE Jct Rds. Tapalapa / Ocotepeque , elev. 1810 m (17.17314°N 93.14607°W), 26.v.2008, coll. R . S. Anderson — 1 male ( CMNC); 2.5 km NW Jct Rds. Tapalapa / Ocotepeque , elev. 1960 m (17.17602°N 93.13293°W), 26.v.2008, coll. R . S. Anderson — 2 females ( CMNC); Cerro de Tapalapa , microwave towers, elev. 2260 m (17.18786°N 93.12308°W), 26.v.2008, coll. R . S. Anderson — 6 males, 1 female ( CMNC, ECOS); 6 km NE Coapilla, elev. 1990 m (17°10'33.6"N, 93° 7'58.4"W), 26.v.2008, coll. M. G. Branstetter — 1 male ( CMNC); 5 km NE Coapilla, elev. 1990 m, 26.v.2008, coll. M. G. Branstetter — 1 male ( CMNC); 7.3 km NE Coapilla, elev. 2200 m (17°10'59.9"N, 93°7'0.1"W), 12.vii.2007, coll. M. G. Branstetter — 1 male, 1 female ( CMNC); 9 km NE Coapilla , elev. 1990, 24.v.2008, coll. LLAMA (Wm-A-04-1-01) , 1 female ( CMNC); ca. 10.5 km NE Coapilla , elev. 1990 (17° 9'55.1"N, 93° 8'20.4"W), 13.vii.2007, coll. R . Anderson — 3 males, 1 female ( ECOS); Cerro El Calvario, near Tapalapa , elev. 2000 m (17°10'25.7"N, 93°7'52.3"W), 23.vii.2003, coll. R . Anderson — 2 males ( CMNC); Coapilla (6-8 km NE), elev. 2030 m (17°10'25"N, 93°7'52"W), 26.vii.2005, coll. R . Anderson — 1 male, 1 female ( CMNC); Carretera Coapilla- Ocotepec, 26.v.2006, coll. J. L. Cozar — 2 males ( ECOS); El Bosque , 10 km W El Bosque, elev. 1475 m (17°2'36.6"N, 92°45'43.6"W), 15.ix.1992, coll. R . Anderson — 1 male ( CMNC); Rayón , 8.9 km E Rayón, elev. 1500 m (17°10'58.1"N, 92°55'47.3"W), 19.ix.1991, coll. R . Anderson — 9 males, 8 females ( BMNH, CMNC, CWOB); Tapalapa, Cerro El Calvario, ca. 12 km NE Coapilla, elev. 2000 m (17°10'28.2"N, 93°7'53.4"W), 13.vii.2007, coll. R . Anderson — 1 female ( CMNC); Cerro El Calvario, ca. 14 km NE Coapilla , elev. 2150 m (17°10'57.4"N, 93° 7'5.5"W), 13/vii/2007, coll. R . Anderson — 2 males, 1 female ( CMNC); Cerro El Calvario, near Tapalapa , elev. 2200 m (17°11'11.8"N, 93°7'21"W), 23.vii.2003, coll. R . Anderson — 1 male, 1 female ( ECOS); Carretera Tapalapa-Coapilla a 5.8 km NE de Coapilla, elev. 2000 m (17° 10'33.22"N, 93° 9'51.9"W), 13.vii.2007, coll. J. L. Cozar — 1 male, 1 female ( ECOS); Carretera Tapalapa-Coapilla a 7.3 Km NE de Coapilla , elev. 2212 m (17° 10'57.94"N, 93°7'5.29"W), 13.vii.2007, coll. J. L. Cozar — 1 male ( ECOS); same locality, elev. 2190 (17°10'57.48"N, 93°7'5.4"W), 26.v.2006, coll. J. L. Cozar — 1 male ( ECOS); 5 km NE Coapilla, elev. 1990 m (17.17549°N 93.13251°W), 25.v.2008, LLAMA (Wa-A-04-1-17) – 1 female ( ECOS); same locality, (17.17550°N 93.13227°W), 25.v.2008, LLAMA (Wa-A-04-1-23) – 1 male, 1 female ( ECOS); same locality, (17.17550°N 93.13217°W), 25.v.2008, LLAMA (Wa-A-04-1-25) – 1 female ( ECOS); same locality, (17.17550°N 93.13212°W), 25.v.2008, LLAMA (Wa-A-04-1-26) – 1 female ( CMNC); same locality, (17.17550°N 93.13203°W), 25.v.2008, LLAMA (Wa-A-04-1-28) – 1 male ( CMNC); same locality, (17.17586°N 93.13197°W), 25.v.2008, LLAMA (Wa-A-04-1-44) – 1 male ( CMNC); same locality, (17.17585°N 93.13202°W), 25.v.2008, LLAMA (Wa-A-04-1-46) – 2 males ( CMNC); same locality, (17.17585°N 93.13211°W), 25.v.2008, LLAMA (Wa- A-04-1-47) – 1 female ( CMNC); 5 km NNW Coapilla , elev. 1915 m (17.18300°N 93.15196°W), 25.v.2008, LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-14) — 2 males, 1 female ( CMNC, ECOS); same locality, (17.18342°N 93.15215°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-04) — 1 male ( ECOS); same locality, (17.18334°N 93.15211°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2- 06) — 1 female ( CMNC); same locality, (17.18313°N 93.15202°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-11) — 1 male, 1 female ( ECOS); same locality, (17.18305°N 93.15199°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-13) — 1 female ( CMNC); same locality, (17.18296°N 93.15197°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-15) — 1 female ( CMNC); same locality, (17.18292°N 93.15195°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-16) — 1 male ( CMNC); same locality, (17.18287°N 93.15194°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-17) — 2 males ( CMNC); same locality, (17.18292°N 93.15195°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-16) — 1 male ( CMNC); same locality, (17.18255°N 93.15163°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-27) — 1 male ( ECOS); same locality, (17.18227°N 93.15139°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-35) — 1 male ( CMNC); same locality, (17.18248°N 93.15129°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-40) — 1 female ( CMNC); same locality, (17.18277°N 93.15116°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-47) — 1 male ( ECOS); same locality, (17.18281°N 93.15114°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-48) — 1 female ( CMNC); same locality, (17.18289°N 93.15110°W), LLAMA (Wa-A-04-2-50) — 1 male ( CMNC); Estación de Microondas, elev. 2260 m (17°11'16.4"N, 93°7'23.2"W), 26.v.2006, coll. J. L. Cozar – 1 male, 1 female ( ECOS); Tenejapa, Ojo de Agua , elev. 1800 m, 21.vii.2003, coll. R . Anderson — 1 female ( CMNC); Yashanal , elev. 1650 m (16°49'49"N, 92°27'9"W), 21.vii.2003, coll. R . S. Anderson — 2 males ( CMNC) .

Figures

FIGURES 20–27. 20–21. Tylodinus spiniventris: 20. meso- and metathorax (male) 21. ventrite 5 (female), 22. Tylodinus elongatus ventrite 5 (female), 23. Tylodinus triumforium, ventrite 2 (male). 24. Tylodinus complicatus, ventrite 2 (female). 25. Tylodinus complicatus, ventrite 2 (male), 26. Hind tibia of Tylodinus triumforium, 27. Front tibia of Tylodinus rugosus.

FIGURES 68–75. Dorsal and lateral habitus: 68–69. Tylodinus pusillus, 70–71. Tylodinus porvenirensis, 72–73. Tylodinus elongatus, 74–75. Tylodinus complicatus.

FIGURES 110–119. Ventral and lateral habitus of median lobe: 110. Tylodinus sepulturaensis, 111. Tylodinus lum, 112. Tylodinus spiniventris, 113. Tylodinus mutabilis, 114. Tylodinus parvus, 115. Tylodinus pusillus, 116. Tylodinus porvenirensis, 117. Tylodinus elongatus, 118. Tylodinus complicatus, 119. Tylodinus rufus.

FIGURES 130–131. Map showing collecting sites. 130. Occurrences in México (Chiapas) and Central America of: Tylodinus zilchi (El Salvador, Honduras); Tylodinus andersoni (México), Tylodinus canaliculatus (México, Guatemala), Tylodinus triumforium (México), Tylodinus sepulturaensis (México), Tylodinus cavicrus (Guatemala), Tylodinus pseudocavicrus (México); 131. Occurrences in Chiapas, México of: Tylodinus complicatus, Tylodinus ixchel, Tylodinus dominicus, Tylodinus immundus, Tylodinus porvenirensis, Tylodinus branstetteri.

FIGURES 1–11. 1–5. Dorsal outline: 1. Generalized Tylodinus, indicating terminology used in this study. Key: letters indicate areas of pronotum. A, anterior area; B, median area; C, posterior area; a, anterior of lateral area; b, median section of lateral area; c, median section of dorsal area; d, anterior section of dorsal area; e, posterior section of lateral area; f, posterior section of dorsal area. 2. Tylodinus variabilis, note elytra basal margin straight. 3. Tylodinus ixchel, note elytra basal margin slightly sinuate. 4. Tylodinus immundus, note elytral basal margin sinuate. 5. Tylodinus elongatus, note elytra basal margin very sinuate. 6–11. Lateral outline: 6. Tylodinus complicatus, male, note ventrites 3–5 in same plane as ventrites 1–2. 7. Tylodinus variabilis, male, note ventrites 3–5 not in same plane as ventrites 1–2. 8. Tylodinus coapillensis, female, note ventrites 1–2 strongly convex, ventrites 3–5 not in same plane as ventrites 1–2. 9. Tylodinus zilchi (schematic). 10. Tylodinus sepulturaensis (schematic) 11. Tylodinus rugosus (schematic).

FIGURES 12–19. 12. Tylodinus pusillus head a) male, b) female. 13–14. Dorsal habitus of pronotum showing the lateral side of pronotum 13. Tylodinus andersoni, 14. Tylodinus porvenirensis. 15–17. Dorsal habitus: 15. Tylodinus rugosus, 16. Tylodinus exiguus, 17. Tylodinus jonesi. 18. Tylodinus coapillensis note tubercle on elytra declivity base, 19. Tylodinus elongatus showing metasternal tooth.

FIGURES 92–99. 92–99. Dorsal and lateral habitus: 92–93. Tylodinus gibbosus, 94–95. Tylodinus kissingeri, 96–97. Tylodinus pinguis. 98. Median lobe apex of: a) Tylodinus elongatus, b) Tylodinus exiguus, c) Tylodinus pseudocavicrus, d) Tylodinus rufus, e) Tylodinus rufus (squashed), 99. Tylodinus zilchi, ventral and lateral habitus of median lobe.