Nocaracris rubripes (Motschulsky, 1846)

Ünal, Mustafa, 2016, Pamphagidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) from the Palaearctic Region: taxonomy, classification, keys to genera and a review of the tribe Nocarodeini I. Bolívar, Zootaxa 4206 (1), pp. 1-223 : 158-159

Nocaracris rubripes (Motschulsky, 1846) comb. rev.

( Figs. 357 , 390 , 663–664 , 844 )

Eremoxenus rubripes, de Motschulsky in lit.: sensu Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 270.

Nocarodes rubripes Motschulsky : in Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 270.

Nocarodes rufipes: Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 406 , pl. 31, Fig. 3 , misspelling of rubripes .

Nocarodes rubripes Motsch. : Fieber 1853: 127.

Nocarodes rufipes: Fieber 1853: 127 , as syn. of rubripes .

Nocarodes cyanipes Fischer de Waldheim, 1846 : Kirby 1910: 355, partim; I. Bolívar 1916: 25, partim.

Pamphagus (Nocarodes)cyanipes Fisch. W. : Stål 1876: 28, partim.

Pamphagus (Nocarodes) rubripes Fisch. W. : Stål 1876: 28, as syn. of cyanipes .

Nocarodes rubripes Fischer de Waldheim, 1846 : Jacobson 1905: 200, 298, sensu Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko 1951; I. Bolívar 1916: 25, as syn. of cyanipes .

Nocarodes rufipes Fischer de Waldheim, 1846 : I. Bolívar 1916: 25, as syn. of cyanipes .

Nocaracris rubripes (F.-W.): Uvarov 1928: 150; Miram 1938: 52; Tarbinsky 1940: 34, 214, 215; Ramme 1951: 411, 427.

Nocaracris (Paranocaracris) rubripes F.-W.: Bey-Bienko 1964: 251.

Nocaracris tibialis Ramme 1951: 279 , 298, 427; Avakyan 1968: 100, as syn. of P. rubripes ; Presa & Garcia 1983: 17; Otte 1994: 173. confirmed syn.

Paranocaracris rubripes (Fischer de Waldhein, 1846) : Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko 1951: 351; Karabağ 1958: 122; Mirzayans 1959: 16; Shumakov 1963: 57; Avakyan 1968: 100; Weidner 1969: 160; Mistshenko 1972: 52; Stolyarov 1974: 481; Presa & Garcia 1983: 23; Heller et al. 1998: 61.

Paranocaracris rubipes (Fischer von Waldheim, 1846) : Hodjat 2012: 267; Sevgili et al. 2012: 325.

Paranocaracris rubripes rubripes (Fischer de Waldheim, 1846) : Demirsoy 1973: 424, 425, partim; Demirsoy 1977: 81, 82, partim; Salman 1978: 70; Erman & Salman 1990: 112; Otte 1994: 183; Stolyarov 1997: 69; Mol et al. 2014: 137.

Type locality. Armenia (Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 270). Holotype: male ( NMW).

Material examined. ARMENIA: Caucasus , 1♂ (Holotype) (det. Fieber as Nocarodes rubripes ) (det. Br. v.W. as Nocarodes cyanipes ) (det. Ramme and Cejchan as Nocaracris cyanipes ) ( NMW) ; Eriwan, Krasikoparan, 1♀ (leg. Christoph) (det. Br. v.W. as Nocarodes spec.) ( NMW); Diližan , 4.7.1926, 1♀ (Holotype of Nocaracris tibialis ) (leg. Ižmailov) ( MfN); circ. lac. Gokča, prope Čubuchlu, 12.7.1927, 2♂, 4♀ ; Gokča, pr. Šordja , 20.7.1927, 1♂ ; Šordja , 20.6.1928, 1♂, 4♀ ; Šordja , 26.6.1928, 3♂ ; Šordja , 13.5.1930, 6♀ ; Šordja , 14.5.1930, 3♂, 5♀ ; Šordja , 20.5.1930, 1♂, 2♀ ; Gokča, pr. Elenovka , 21.8.1926, 1♂ ; Elenovka , 5.6.1927, 3♀ ; Elenovka , 14.6.1927, 6♂, 12♀, Elenovka, 9 – 10.5.1930, 8♂, 7♀; Elenovka , 3.7.1930, 12♂, 14♀ ; Gokča, pr. Täk-Agač , 16.7.1927, 13♂, 12♀, 1♀ nymph ; Alagöz , 10000 ft, 5.8.1930, 8♀ ; Gokča, pr. Babadjan-dara , 15.5.1930, 1♂, 1♀ ; Abazan, pr. Jmerlu, 10.8.1930, 1♂ (all leg. A. Schelkovnikov); Elenovka , 5.6.1929, 9♂ (leg. Bockarev) (all in NHMUK); Aragats Mt. , 12.6.2013, 1♀ (leg. A. G. Bugrov & I. E. Jetybayev) (AİBÜEM); TURKEY: [Kars], Sarakancyš [Sarıkamış], 1.5.1919, 2♂, 1♂ nymph, 2♀ nymphs (leg. A. Schelkovnikov) ( NHMUK) ; Ardahan, 7.5.1974, 5♂ ; Erzurum, Şenkaya, Turnalı , 25.6.1991, 1♀ (leg. E. Yıldırım) ( EMET) ; Kars, Selim, Zellice Köyü , 4.6.1980, 4♂, 2♀, 1♀ nymph (AİBÜEM) ; Erzurum, Horasan, Hızırilyas Köyü , 1742 m, 19.7.2011, 1♀ (leg. A. Hasbenli) ( MAZM).

Distribution. Transcaucasia, Caucasia, Armenia, Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan, N. Iran and E. Turkey: Ardahan, Kars, Erzurum provinces ( Fig. 844 ).

Remarks. The author of this species must be Motschultsky as is the case the other species described by Motschultsky in Fischer von Waldheim, 1846 such as Nocaracris cyanipes, Pholidoptera pustulipes, Barbitistes foliicauda (see Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 269, 270, 359, 360). Fischer von Waldheim gave his new species as in following format “ Nocarodes serricollis Fischer. ” in the same paper (Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 268). Subsequent researchers gave the author of P. rubripes as Fischer von Waldheim except Fieber (1853: 127).

One male from Caucasus in the NMW was identified by Fieber as rubripes , but the other researchers Brunner, Ramme and Cejchan identified it as cyanipes . Here it is confirmed that it is N. rubripes and probably it is the only type of this species.

Motschultsky (in Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 270) in describing this species after the male gave the colors of hind tibia and tarsus as red. According to Uvarov (1928: 150) the inner side of hind tibia is red in male, blue-black with orange spine in female. Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko (1951: 351) stated that the hind tibia of this species is blueblack, black, sometimes red in male. According to Demirsoy (1973: 424; 1977: 81) hind tibia in both sexes is black, bluish. In fact it is quite variable, but the typical forms have red hind tibia in male and blue-black with reddish spines in the typical forms of female, as it is correctly stated by Uvarov (1928) (see the key above).

Avakyan (1968: 100) synonymized Nocaracris tibialis Ramme with N. rubripes for the first time, but it was overlooked by subsequent authors. The synonymy is here confirmed. The coloration of the hind legs of N. tibialis is undoubtedly within the variation of this species.

Erman & Salman’s (1990: 112) record from Elazığ probably belongs to another species of Nocaracris which should be confirmed.

Figures

FIGURE 844. Distribution of the species of genus Nocaracris.

FIGURES 344 – 374. Body parts. 344 – 353 tympanum, 344 Paranocarodes straubei, male; 345 ditto female; 346 Paranocarodes anatoliensis anatoliensis, male; 347 Paranocarodes chopardi, male; 348 ditto female; 349 Paranocarodes karabagi, female; 350 Nocaracris bodenheimeri, female without tympanum; 351 Nocaracris subrubratus, female without tympanum; 352 Nocaracris kosswigi, female; 353 Nocaracris judithae, female. 354 – 355 female abdominal tergites, 354 Paranocarodes karabagi; 355 Nocaracris judithae. 356 – 357 female vertex, 356 Neoparanothrotes borumandi; 357 Paranothrotes margaritae. 358 – 360 vertex dorsal view, 358 Pseudonothrotes levis, male; 359 ditto female; 360 Paranothrotes margaritae, female. 361 – 362 arolium of fore leg in male, 361 Eunothrotes dejugini; 362 Paranocarodes turkmen. 363 – 364 longitudinal sulcus of pronotum in male, 363 Paranothrotes gotvendicus, syntype; 364 Paranocarodes anatoliensis anatoliensis. 365 – 366 fastigium of vertex in female, 365 Paranothrotes siirt; 366 Paranocarodes turkmen. 367 – 370 head and pronotum, 367 Ebnerodes toelgi, male; 368 ditto female; 369 Paranocarodes straubei, male; 370 ditto female. 371 – 374 head and pronotum, dorso-lateral, 371 Turkanocaracris levigatus, male holotype; 372 ditto female paratype; 373 Nocarodes balachowskyi, male; 374 ditto female. Abbreviations: nsa: neighbour stigmal area, s: stigma, t: tympanum.

FIGURES 375 – 394. Body parts. 375 – 376 female hind femur, 375 Nocarodes sanctidavidi; 376 Nocaracris tridentatus. 377 – 378 Iranacris dentatus, female holotype, 377 frontal ridge lateral; 378 prosternum. 379 – 380 Nocarodes sanctidavidi, female, 379 frontal ridge lateral; 380 prosternum. 381 – 382 female pronotum, 381 Bufonocarodes robustus, paratype; 382 Nocarodes serricollis. 383 – 384 lateral carinae of pronotum in male, 383 Bufonocarodes robustus, holotype; 384 Nocarodes balachowskyi. 385 – 388 head lateral, 385 Araxiana woronowi, male; 386 ditto female; 387 Nocaracris rubripes, male; 388 ditto female. 389 – 390 female metasternum, 389 Araxiana woronowi; 390 Nocaracris rubripes. 391 – 394 frontal ridge, 391 Paranocarodes straubei, male lectotype; 392 ditto frontal view in female; 393 Paranocarodes tolunayi paphlagonicus, male; 394 ditto frontal view in female.

FIGURES 653 – 666. Habitus. 653 – 654 Nocaracris bodenheimeri, 653 male; 654 female. 655 – 658 Nocaracris cejchani, 655 male holotype; 656 ditto dorsal; 657 female paratype; 658 ditto dorsal. 659 – 660 Nocaracris cinerascens, 659 male holotype; 660 female paratype. 661 Nocaracris tauricolus, female holotype. 662 Nocaracris acinosus, female holotype. 663 – 664 Nocaracris rubripes, 663 male; 664 female. 665 – 666 Nocaracris ponticus, 665 male holotype; 666 female allotype.

FIGURES 1 – 5. Male phallic complexes in 5 tribes. A phallus lateral, B phallus dorsal, C epiphallus. 1 Pezotmethis tartarus tartarus (Thrinchini); 2 Haplotropis brunneriana (Haplotropiidini); 3 Orchamus massai (Pamphagini); 4 Saxetania (Cryptonothrotes) pseudoaptera (Tropidauchenini); 5 Paranocarodes beieri (Nocarodeini). Abbreviations: a: apodemes; abvp: apical end of basal valves of penis; ae: aedeagus; an: ancorae; ana: apical notch of apodemes; ap: anterior projection; avp: apical valves of penis; az: arch of zygoma; bvp: basal valves of penis; dvc: dorsal valves of cingulum; lasp: lateral aperture of sheath of penis; p: pseudolophi; plp: postero-lateral projection; plz: posterior lobes of zygoma; pmp: postero-median projection; rc: rami of cingulum; sp: sheath of penis; tc: tumida of cingulum; tz: tumida of zygoma; wb: white band; z: zygoma.