Parathoracaphis Takahashi, 1958

Chen, Jing, Jiang, Li-Yun & Qiao, Ge-Xia, 2016, Review of Parathoracaphis Takahashi, 1958 with description of a new species from China (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Hormaphidinae), ZooKeys 623, pp. 61-73 : 62-63

Taxon classification Animalia Hemiptera Aphididae

Parathoracaphis Takahashi, 1958

Parathoracaphis Takahashi, 1958: 13. Type species: Thoracaphis setigera Takahashi, 1932; by original designation.

Hoplothoracaphis Pramanick, Samanta & Raychaudhuri, 1983: 1. Type species: Hoplothoracaphis manipurensis Pramanick, Samanta & Raychaudhuri, 1983; by monotypy.

Parathoracaphis Takahashi: Ghosh and Raychaudhuri 1973: 486; Eastop and Hille Ris Lambers 1976: 336; Ghosh 1988: 194; Tao 1990: 71; Blackman and Eastop 1994: 799; Remaudière and Remaudière 1997: 188; Tao 1999: 22; Nieto Nafría et al. 2011: 305.

Generic diagnosis.

In apterae, body elongate oval, oval, or subcircular, aleyrodiform, and strongly sclerotized. Prosoma consisting of fused head, thorax, and abdominal segments I–VII, abdominal segment VIII free. Dorsum of prosoma reticulated, corrugated, convoluted, or with wax pores. Submarginal setae on dorsal prosoma distinctly spine-like, pointed or somewhat blunt at apices, sometimes arising from tuberculate bases. Dorsal spinal setae on prosoma minute, long and fine, or spine-like. Abdominal tergite VIII with 4 setae, similar to submarginal setae on dorsal prosoma. Eyes 3-faceted. Antennae concealed under head, 2-4-segmented. Legs short, concealed under body; tarsi small, unsegmented or 2-segmented; claws small, normal, or absent. Siphunculi absent. Cauda knobbed and constricted at base. Anal plate bilobed.

Distribution.

China, India, Japan, Malaysia, and Thailand.

Host plants.

Fagaceae ( Castanopsis , Cyclobalanopsis , Lithocarpus , and Quercus ) and Lauraceae ( Litsea ).

Comments.

Only apterous viviparous females are known. The life cycles of most species are unknown. Parathoracaphis is related to Neohormaphis Noordam, 1991 in sharing the consolidated head, thorax, and abdominal segments I–VII and spine-like submarginal setae on prosoma.