Megarthrus subparallelus, Sawada, 1962

Herman, Lee H., 2001, Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). 1758 to the End of the Second Millennium. I. Introduction, History, Biographical Sketches, and Omaliine Group, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2001 (265), pp. 1-650 : 1-650

subparallelus Sawada, 1962 , see: parallelus Sharp, 1874 .

sumatrensis Cameron, 1928d: 98 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Sumatra: Fort de Kock ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1030 ( Megarthrus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1933b: 339 ( Megarthrus ; British North Borneo).

— Hammond, 1984: 195 ( Megarthrus ; Borneo).

- DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia, Borneo.

tenoense H. Franz, 1986 , see: Metopsia .

thomsoni Varenius, 1891: 22 ( Megarthrus ; [Note: Nomen dubium; see Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1997]; Type locality: Skåne).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 36 ( Megarthrus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1931a: 191 ( Megarthrus ; characters in key).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1030 ( Megarthrus ; catalog).

— Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1997: 1351 ( Megarthrus ; nomen dubium).

- DISTRIBUTION: Sweden.

tibialis Coiffait, 1977: 255 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Vallée Dzunda Khola près Talphi, région de Jumla, 3000–3500 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

trisinuatus Cameron, 1924b: 163 , 165 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Chakrata District ; Manjgaon, 6500 feet).

— Cameron, 1930: 130 ( Megarthrus ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1030 ( Megarthrus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

tukchensis Coiffait, 1984e: 383 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Nepal central region de Taksang prés de Tukche Takola).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

twa Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1995: 687 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Kenya: Katamayu river

[= Rift Valley prov., Gatamayu river?]. Also cited from Zaire).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo, Kenya.

uhligi Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1997: 1398 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Altai Sibir.).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kazakhstan.

umbonatus Fauvel, 1895: 194 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Bírmanie, Carin Asciuii Ghécu , 1400–1500; Sikkim, Darjeeling).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 36 ( Megarthrus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1924b: 165 ( Megarthrus ; characters; India).

— Cameron, 1930: 127 ( Megarthrus ; characters; Burma; Sikkim).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1031 ( Megarthrus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1965: 99 ( Megarthrus ; Burma).

- DISTRIBUTION: Myanmar, India.

vanschuytbroecki Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1995: 687 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Zaire: Ruwenzori Range, Albert N. P., Kalonge , river Nyamwamba, tributary of Butahu, 2010 m). - DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

vastus Wendeler, 1926: 71 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Philippineninsel Tabla).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1031 ( Megarthrus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Philippines.

watutsi Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1995: 688 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Rwanda: Albert N. P.,

at foot of V. Karisimbi, Lake n’Gando, 2400 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Rwanda.

wittei Cameron, 1950 g: 5 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Belgian Congo: Sake, Kivu, alt. 1560 m). — Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1995: 689 ( Megarthrus ; characters; Cameroon, Kenya, Zaire). wollastoni Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1997: 1398 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Canary Is.: Hierro: El Golfo, 800–1000 m).

— Wollaston, 1864: 604 ( Megarthrus ; [Note: Misidentified as longicornis according to Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1997: 1376]; characters; notes; Canary Islands).

— Wollaston, 1865: 525 ( Megarthrus ; [Note: The Canary Island specimens were misidentified as longicornis according to Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1997: 1376]; notes; Canary Islands).

— Coiffait, 1954: 162 ( Megarthrus ; [Note: Misidentified as longicornis according to Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1997: 1376]; Canary Islands).

— Assing, 1999a: 345 ( Megarthrus ; Canary Islands).

— Assing and Wunderle, 1999: 437 ( Megarthrus ; Canary Islands).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canary Islands.

zekorum Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1997: 1404 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Pjestschanka, 8 km öst. Tschita, Transbaikalien).

- DISTRIBUTION: Russia.

zerchei Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1997: 1406 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Russia: Primorskiy Kray, Sikhote-Alin , Biol. Stat. 30 km SE Chuguyevka, 44 ° 05 ̍ N, 134 ° 12 ̍ E, 650 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Russia.

zulu Cuccodoro and Löbl, 1995: 690 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Republic of South Africa: Cape Prov., S. Marathon, 34 ° 02 ̍ S, 23 ° 19 ̍ E. Also cited from Lesotho).

- DISTRIBUTION: Lesotho, South Africa.

zunilensis Sharp, 1887: 743 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: Guatemala, Cerro Zunil ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 36 ( Megarthrus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Guatemala.

Metopsia

[12 species; Palaearctic Region]

Metopsia Wollaston, 1854: 616 (species included: ampliata ). TYPE SPECIES: Metopsia ampliata Wollaston , fixed by monotypy.

— Gemminger and Harold, 1868: 673 (catalog).

— Schaum, 1852: 31 (cited as Phloeobium ; list of species; Europe).

— Wencker and Silbermann, 1866: 37 (list of species; collecting notes; France).

— Fauvel, 1875a: II [= 1875b: 204] (synonym of Phloeobium ).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1878b: 254 (characters; cited as Phloeobium ).

— Heyden, Reitter, and Weise, 1891: 122 (cited as Phloeobium ; list of species of Europe and Caucasus).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 764 (cited as Phloeobium ; characters).

— Fauvel, 1897d: 242 (catalog of species of Barbary, Madeira, and Canaries; cited as Phloeobium ).

— Heyden, Reitter, and Weise, 1906: 127 (list of species of Europe and Caucasus).

— Reitter, 1909: 198 (characters).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 33 (world catalog; cited as Phloeobium with Metopsia as junior synonym; 3 species).

— Petri, 1912: 50 (list of species of Siebenbürgen).

— Johansen, 1914: 631 (characters; cited as Phloeobium ).

— Winkler, 1925: 325 (catalog for Palaearctic region; cited as Phloeobium ).

— Porta, 1926: 8 (characters; species of Italy).

— Roubal, 1930: 300 (catalog; cited as Phloeobium ; Slovakia).

— Joy, 1932: 93 (key to British species).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1026 (synonym of Phloeobium ).

— Kloet and Hincks, 1945: 160 (list of British species; type species: clypeata ).

— Palm, 1948: 38 (cited as Phloeobium ; characters; species of Sweden).

— Tottenham, 1949: 353, 405 (type species: ampliata Wollaston ; list of British species).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 242 (type species: ampliata ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1960a: 64 (key to species).

— Székessy, 1963: 10 (cited as Phloeobium ; characters).

— Lohse, 1964: 21 (characters; key to central European species).

— Steel, 1966: 288 (larval characters).

— Kasule, 1966: 279 (larval characters).

— Scheerpeltz, 1968a: 3 (cited as Phloeobium ; catalog of Austrian species).

— Tikhomirova, 1973a: 136 (cited as Phloeobium ; checklist of species of USSR).

— Pope, 1977: 22 (list of British species).

— Topp, 1978: 307 (larval characters).

— Burakowski, Mroczkowski, and Stefańska, 1979: 9 (catalog; Poland).

— Muona, 1979: 17 (list of Scandinavian species).

— Uhlig and Vogler, 1981: 83 (list of some species collected in Germany; habitat and collecting notes).

— Tóth, 1982: 21 (characters; habitus; key to species of Hungary).

— H. Franz, 1986: 82 (cited as Phloeobium ; key to species of Canary Islands) .

— Segers, 1986: 17 (checklist of species; Belgium).

— Silfverberg, 1992: 21 (list of species of Fennoscandia, Denmark, and the Baltic States).

— Welch, 1993: 227 (ovariole number and ovary structure).

— Newton and Thayer, 1995: 299 ( Proteinini ).

— M. Hansen, 1996: 96 (list of Danish species).

— Angelini, 1991: 191 (list of species from high elevations of Calabria, Italy).

— Hernández, Outerelo, and Gamarra, 1994: 187 (checklist of species; Canary Islands).

— Zanetti, 1995: 4 (list of species of Italy).

— Sparacio, 1995: 138 ( Metopsia ; characters; notes; Sicily).

— Dauphin, 1997 (notes on species of France).

— Zerche, 1998 (revision, phylogeny and zoogeography; characters; habitus photographs; key to species; discussions; checklist of species).

— M. Hansen, Palm, Pedersen, and Runge, 1998: 70 (list of species collected in 1997; Denmark).

— Assing, Frisch, Kahlen, et al., 1998: 120 ( Proteininae ).

ampliata Wollaston, 1854: 616 ( Metopsia ; Type locality: Madeira: Ribeiro Frio edges of the Levada of Ribeiro Frio; Feijãa de Córte; [Note: See lectotype designation by Zerche, 1998]. Originally cited from Madeira: edges of the Levada of Ribeiro Frio ; Feijãa de Córte ).

— Wollaston, 1857: 206 ( Metopsia ; habitat; Madeira Islands).

— Wollaston, 1865: 525 ( Metopsia ; habitat; Madeira Islands).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 49 ( Metopsia ; Madeira).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 33 ( Phloeobium ; catalog).

— C. Koch, 1938: 136 ( Phloeobium ; characters in key).

— Scheerpeltz, 1960a: 66 ( Phloeobium ; characters; Madeira).

— Zerche, 1998: 35 ( Metopsia ; lectotype designation: Ribeiro Frio ; characters; Madeira) .

- DISTRIBUTION: Madeira.

assingi Zerche, 1998: 33 ( Metopsia ; Type locality: Turcia mer., Avsallar b. Incekum, 22 km W. Alanya [Antalya]. Also cited from Cyprus, Greece, Lebanon, and Israel).

— Fagel, 1968a: 189 ( Phloeobium ; [Note: Misidentified as gallicum according to Zerche, 1998]; notes).

— Assing and Wunderle, 2001: 36 ( Metopsia ; Cyprus).

- DISTRIBUTION: Turkey, Cyprus, Greece, Lebanon, Israel.

canariensis Zerche, 1998: 48 ( Metopsia ; Type locality: Islas Canarias: Gran Canaria: 1200 m, Pinar de Tamadaba ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canary Islands.

cimicoides Wollaston, 1864: 605 ( Metopsia ; Type locality: Teneriffe: mountains above Taganana).

— Wollaston, 1865: 526 ( Metopsia ; habitat; notes; Canary Islands).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 49 ( Metopsia ; Canary Islands).

— Scheerpeltz, 1960a: 66 ( Phloeobium ; characters; Canary Islands).

— H. Franz, 1986: 79 ( Phloeobium ; characters; Canary Islands) .

— Zerche, 1998: 37 ( Metopsia ; characters; Canary Islands).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canary Islands.

fernandezi Jarrige, 1952 a: 136 ( Phloeobium ; Type locality: Aguirre, Tenerife).

— Hernández, Outerelo, and Gamarra, 1994: 193 ( Metopsia ; may belong in Megarthrus or Proteinus ).

— Zerche, 1998: 37 ( Metopsia ; synonym of cimicoides ).

clypeata P. W. J. Müller, 1821: 204 ( Silpha ; Type locality: Odenbach).

— Heer, 1839: 172 ( Megarthrus ; characters; Switzerland).

— Erichson, 1840: 907 ( Phloeobium ; [Note: According to Zerche, 1998: 16, some specimens were misidentified by Erichson as clypeata and are now named similis ]; characters; Germany; France).

— Heer, 1841: 566 ( Phloeobium ; characters).

— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 656 ( Phloeobium ; characters; France).

— Fauvel, 1871a: 51 [= 1872: 25] ( Phloeobium ; characters; France; Europe; Cyprus).

— Fauvel, 1873b: 109 [= 1873c: 2] ( Phloeobium ; Algeria).

— Seidlitz, 1875: 231 ( Phloeobium ; characters; Baltic region).

— Fauvel, 1878: 86 [= 1878a: 6] ( Phloeobium ; Algeria).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1878b: 256 ( Phloeobium ; characters; France).

— Fauvel, 1886: 12 [= 1886a: 4] ( Phloeobium ; Algeria).

— Fowler, 1888: 431 ( Phloeobium ; characters; Britain).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 764 ( Phloeobium ; [Note: According to Zerche, 1998: 16, some specimens were misidentified by Erichson as clypeata and are now named similis ]; characters; middle and southern Europe).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 49 ( Metopsia ; Algeria; Tunisia).

— Sainte-Claire Deville, 1907: 14 ( Metopsia ; [Note: According to Zerche, 1998: 16, some specimens were misidentified by Erichson as clypeata and are now named similis ]; characters; France).

— Montandon, 1908: 77 ( Metopsia ; Romania).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 33 ( Phloeobium ; catalog).

— J. Sahlberg, 1913: 58 ( Phloeobium ; Caramania).

— Johansen, 1914: 631 ( Phloeobium ; characters; Denmark).

— Portevin, 1929: 456 ( Metopsia ; characters; France).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1026 ( Phloeobium ; catalog).

— C. Koch, 1938: 138 ( Phloeobium ; characters in key; Germany; Bosnia; Italy; Sicily).

— Tottenham, 1939d: 227 ( Phloeobium ; type species of Phloeobium ).

— Español, 1945: 90 ( Phloeobium ; Spain).

— Scheerpeltz, 1961d: 116 ( Phloeobium ; Italy).

— Scheerpeltz, 1963a: 414 ( Phloeobium ; Greece).

— Lohse, 1964: 21 ( Metopsia ; characters; central Europe).

— Coiffait, 1968c: 505 ( Metopsia ; Corsica).

— Fagel, 1968a: 189 ( Phloeobium ; notes).

— Ashworth, 1972: 214 ( Metopsia ; cited as “ clypeata or gallica ”; late-glacial subfossil; Britain).

— Bordoni, 1974b: 2 ( Phloeobium ; Italy).

— Legner and Moore, 1977: 175 ( Metopsia ; found under bark).

— H. Franz, 1984: 59 ( Phloeobium , cited as Phlaeobium; Macedonia).

— H. Franz, 1987: 69 ( Phloeobium ; Cyprus).

— Ádám, 1987: 136 ( Metopsia ; collecting notes; Hungary).

— Lucht, 1987: 85 ( Metopsia ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; Denmark; Sweden).

— Boháč, 1993: 40 ( Metopsia ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Assing, 1994a: 17 ( Metopsia ; wing length; xerothermous sites; notes; Germany).

— Zanetti, 1995: 4 ( Metopsia ; Italy). — Zerche, 1998: 25 ( Metopsia ; characters; Germany; Austria; Switzerland; Sweden; Britain; France; Spain; Portugal; Italy; Algeria). - DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia.

flava Stephens, 1834: 331 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: London). — Stephens, 1839: 423 ( Megarthrus ; variety of retusus ; characters; England). — G. Waterhouse, 1858: 32 ( Phloeobium ; synonym of clypeatum). — Ganglbauer, 1895: 764 ( Phloeobium ; synonym of clypeatum). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 33 ( Phloeobium ; synonym of clypeatum). — Scheerpeltz, 1960a: 65 ( Phloeobium ; synonym of clypeatum). — Zerche, 1998: 25 ( Metopsia ; synonym of clypeata ).

retusa Stephens, 1834: 331 ( Megarthrus ; Type locality: near London; Suffolk; [Note: See lectotype designation by Zerche, 1998]). — Stephens, 1839: 423 ( Megarthrus ; characters; England). — G. Waterhouse, 1858: 32 ( Phloeobium ; synonym of clypeatum). — Ganglbauer, 1895: 764 ( Phloeobium ; synonym of clypeatum). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 33 ( Phloeobium ; synonym of clypeatum). — Scheerpeltz, 1960a: 65 ( Phloeobium ; cited as refusum; synonym of clypeatum). — Pope, 1977: 22 ( Metopsia ; Britain). — Hammond, 1980: 135 ( Metopsia ; Ireland). — Welch, 1993: 227 ( Metopsia ; ovariole number and ovary structure). — Zanetti, 1995: 4 ( Metopsia ; cited as refusa ; Italy). — Zerche, 1998: 25 ( Metopsia ; lectotype designation: [Note: Locality not cited]; synonym of clypeata ).

corticalis Lacordaire, 1835: 494 ( Phloeobium ; Type locality: Paris). — Erichson, 1839a: 646 ( Megarthrus ; synonym of clypeatus ). — Heer, 1839: 172 ( Megarthrus ; synonym of clypeatus ). — Erichson, 1840: 907 ( Phloeobium ; synonym of clypeatum). — Kraatz, 1857d: 1033 ( Phloeobium ; synonym of clypeatum). — Mulsant and Rey, 1878b: 257 ( Phloeobium ; synonym of clypeatum). — Ganglbauer, 1895: 764 ( Phloeobium ; synonym of clypeatum). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 33 ( Phloeobium ; synonym of clypeatum). — Scheerpeltz, 1960a: 65 ( Phloeobium ; synonym of clypeatum). — Zerche, 1998: 25 ( Metopsia ; synonym of clypeata ).

gallica C. Koch, 1938: 135 ( Phloeobium ; Type locality: Francia centrale: Indre-et-Loire: Tours; [Note: See lectotype designation by Zerche, 1998]. Also cited from Sardegna: Sorgono; Aritzo, Macomer, Decimo presso Cagliari, Sadali. Algeria: Bou-Berak, Constantine). — Scheerpeltz, 1960a: 65 ( Phloeobium ; characters; France; Sardinia; Algeria; Morocco). — Horion, 1963: 21 ( Phloeobium ; Britain; Holland; France; Spain; Algeria; Sardinia; Germany). — Lohse, 1964: 21 ( Metopsia ; characters; central Europe). — Kasule, 1966: 279 ( Metopsia ; larval characters). — Pope, 1977: 22 ( Metopsia ; synonym of retusa ). — Tóth, 1982: 22 ( Metopsia ; characters). — Lundberg, 1986: 149 ( Metopsia ; Sweden). — Lucht, 1987: 85 ( Metopsia ; checklist; France; Benelux). — Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 122 ( Metopsia ; synonym of retusa ). — Zanetti, 1995: 4 ( Metopsia ; synonym of retusa , cited as refusa ). — Dauphin, 1997: 148 ( Metopsia ; characters; valid species; notes; Italy; Sicily; Corsica; France). — Zerche, 1998: 25 ( Metopsia ; lectotype designation: Indre-et-Loire, Tours; synonym of clypeata ).

hispanica Scheerpeltz, 1960 a: 66 ( Phloeobium ; Type locality: Spanien, Ronda; [Note: See lectotype designation by Zerche, 1998]. Originally cited from südlichste Randgebirge der iberischen Halbinsel, Sierra di Ronda , Sierra Alfacar).