Dilar formosanus (Okamoto & Kuwayama, 1920)

Zhang, Wei, Liu, Xingyue, Aspoeck, Horst, Winterton, Shaun L. & Aspoeck, Ulrike, 2014, Species of the pleasing lacewing genus Dilar Rambur (Neuroptera, Dilaridae) from islands of East Asia, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 61 (2), pp. 141-153 : 145

Dilar formosanus (Okamoto & Kuwayama, 1920) Figs 4, 21-22

Lidar formosanus Okamoto & Kuwayama, 1920: 341. Type locality: China (Taiwan: Jiayi).

Diagnosis.

This species is characterized by the forewings with numerous brown markings, and the basal part of bursa copulatrix, which is subtrapezoidal, with anteromedial portion slightly prominent and sclerotized in ventral view.

Description.

Female. Body length 8.5 mm; forewing length 14.0 mm, hindwing length 12.0 mm.

Head yellowish brown, with pale yellow setose tubercles. Compound eyes blackish brown. Antenna with ca. 25 segments, pale yellowish brown, medial flagellomeres much longer than those on both ends, distal eight flagellomeres short, nearly moniliform.

Prothorax pale yellowish brown, pronotum dark brown, with eight yellowish tubercles clothed with yellowish hairs; mesothorax and metathorax pale yellowish brown. Legs pale yellowish brown, with each segment blackish brown at tip. Wings hyaline, slightly pale brown, with numerous brownish spots. Forewing ~2.5 times as long as wide, densely spotted, most spots expanded and fused with each other, with markings on costal area and proximal half much darker, arranging as transversely arcuate pattern, an immaculate area present distal to median nygmata; two nygmata present on proximal and median portion of forewing, median one much larger than proximal one. Hindwing slightly paler than forewing, with similar marking pattern; one nygma present at middle. Veins brown. Forewing with 13 crossveins between Sc and R; Sc just touching R in pterostigmatic region; 12 crossveins between R and Rs; Rs with five main branches; MP with two main branches. Hindwing subcostal area slightly widened on distal half, with four crossveins; Rs with six main branches.

Abdomen yellow, pregenital segments dorsally brown. Ovipositor yellowish brown, much longer than abdomen. Seventh sternite in lateral view subtrapezoidal, with slightly convex posterior margin in ventral view. Eighth abdominal segment without subgenitale. Bursa copulatrix with colleterial gland tubular and elongate, strongly curved medially; basal part of bursa copulatrix sac-like in lateral view, subtrapezoidal in ventral view with anteromedial portion slightly prominent and sclerotized; bursal accessory gland not observed. Ectoproct rather small, ovoid.

Male. Unknown.

Material examined.

Holotype f#, "Mt. Ari [23°26′N, 120°46′E], Taiwan, 2.IV.1907. S. Matsumur[a] leg./ Lidar formosanus n. sp. 1920 Det. HANJIRO OKAMOTO SATORO KUWAYAMA (HOLOTYPE)/ Lidar formosanus OKAMOTO et KUWAYAMA 1920 Holotype ♀" (SEHU).

Distribution.

China (Taiwan).

Remarks.

This species was originally described based on a single female by Okamoto and Kuwayama (1920). Due to the phenomenon that remarkable intraspecific variation of wing marking patterns is present in Dilaridae (see Zhang et al. 2014b and the remarks on Dilar taiwanensis ), it is difficult to clarify the specific identity of Dilar formosanus based on the external morphology with the other Taiwanese Dilar species, of which the females are unknown. Nevertheless, it is highly possible that Dilar formosanus is conspecific with one of the other three Dilar species from Taiwan, i.e. Dilar pallidus , Dilar taiwanensis , and Dilar insularis . This may be clarified by DNA barcoding, when fresh material is available.