Hylaeus (Hylaeus) oliviae, Dathe, 2015

Dathe, Holger H., 2015, Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (10) New descriptions and records of Asian Hylaeus species (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae), Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 65 (2), pp. 223-238 : 225-227

Hylaeus (Hylaeus) oliviae spec. nov.

Figures 1–4 , 27

Diagnosis: This species is evidently allied to H. trifidus (ALFKEN) . Both forms are clearly recognisable in males by the smooth oval impressions between scapus bases and orbits. But H. oliviae spec. nov. differs in some important characters that are obviously associated with features of its lifestyle: Particularly in females, the lower part of the head is significantly longer and narrower, similar to the female of H. moricei .

Description: Male. TL 4.00 mm, WL 2,80 mm.

Head. Proportions HL:HW 1.07, UHW:LHW 1.55, outline elongate trapezoid. Scapi black with white spot at top, short, outline conical, SL:SW 2.53, barely wider than flagella width; flagella of medium length, black, yellow below. Mask complete, ivory white, side patches expanded to lower margin of scapi bases, dorsolaterally restricted by oval impressions with smooth sculpture. Foveae faciales form indistinct ridges at upper margin of compound eyes. Clypeus CL:CW 1.24, shagreen, matt, with low shallow punctation, anterior margin black. Supraclypeal area prolonged, narrow above, surface structure as clypeus, with gentle transition to the frons. Frons and vertex with dense, strong punctation, arranged on the frons in curved rows; interspaces shiny; vertex with moderately dense erect pilosity. Genae normal, with elongated punctation; occiput rounded; malae narrow. Labrum and the bifid mandibles black.

Mesosoma compact; pilosity white, sparse, partly erect. Coloration black, pronotum laterally with two short white stripes, calli and tegulae with white spot each. Pronotum narrow in the middle, laterally somewhat expanded, anterior margin and dorsolateral angles edged. Mesonotum and scutellum finely shagreen, shiny, punctation coarse, close; metanotum rugose, matt; mesopleurae with punctation close, coarse to very coarse, anterior margin rounded. Legs black, white are anterior surface of foretibiae, base and tip of other tibiae and whole tarsi, their ends

basal terga in dorsal view. – 1, 2 Holotypus male. 3, 4 Paratypus female. – Scale 0.5 mm.

partially blackened; wings hyaline, venation light brown. Propodeum egded, rugose sculptured by shining wrinkled meshes; areal parts delimited by sharp ridges; basal area at its base with a row of small meshes, behind longitudinal meshes, the vertical part separated by transverse edge, this finely shagreen, the margins tapering to the medial furrow; terminal area coarsely wrinkled, sharply edged around.

Metasoma stocky, coloration black. T1 smooth and shiny, punctation moderate, sparse; T2 and following terga somewhat more finely and densely punctate; margins without distinct fringes. Terminalia ( Fig. 27 ): genital capsule distinctly shorter and more compact than in H. trifidus , gonoforcipes short; S8 and S7 shaped similarly to H. trifidus .

Female. TL 4.1–4.8 (4.35) mm, WL 3.3–3.5 (3.40) mm.

Head. Proportions HL:HW 1.07, UHW:LHW 1.45, outline elongate trapezoid. Scapi black, flagella short, black, undersides yellow. Face with long white side spots at the orbits up to scapus bases. Foveae faciales long, reaching upper eye border, somewhat converging. Clypeus CL:CW 1.24, longitudinally striate, with indistinct shallow punctation, silkily shining; supraclypeal area not separated from clypeus by seam, with surface sculpture similar to clypeus, with a gradual transition to the frons. Frons and vertex with close, moderate streaky punctation. Genae regular, in outline sloping below; occiput rounded; malae distinct. Labrum and the bifid mandibles black.

Mesosoma compact, edged; pilosity sparse, thorax and propodeum with scattered white hairs, ventrally somewhat longer. Coloration black, pronotum laterally with two white stripes, tegulae and calli each with a white spot. Pronotum in the middle narrow, laterally somewhat expanded, anterior margin and dorsolateral angles edged. Mesonotum and scutellum finely shagreen, shining, punctation strong, dense; metanotum rugose, matt; mesopleurae with dense punctation close, strong, less coarse than in the male, anterior margin rounded. Legs black, white are bases of tibiae and basitarses, otherwise all parts black; wings hyaline, venation brown. Propodeum shaped similarly to male: edged, rugosely sculptured with shiny wrinkled meshes; areal parts delimited by sharp ridges; basal area basally with a row of small meshes, behind longitudinal meshes, the vertical part separated by transverse edge, this finely shagreen, the margins tapering to the medial furrow; terminal area coarsely wrinkled, sharply margined around.

Metasoma compact spindle-shaped, coloration black. T1 smooth and shiny, punctation scattered, fine, more coarse than in H. trifidus , caudal margin in the middle without punctation; following terga finely shagreen, with finer and denser shallow punctation; terga without fringes; fringe of last sternum bright.

Types: 1 ♂, 2 ♀.

Holotypus: ♂ EGYPT. Sinai: St. Katharine , 28°33'36.10"N 33°56'57.42"E, ca. 1600 m, 01– 30.06.2013, leg. O. Norfolk. – In coll. SDEI Müncheberg .

Paratypes: 2 ♀ EGYPT, same location data as holotypus; 01.06– 31.07.2013. – In coll. SDEI Müncheberg .

Discussion: This new taxon is closely related to Hylaeus trifidus ( ALFKEN, 1936) , but it is clearly separated by its

occurrence outside the distribution area of H. trifidus ( Fig. 5 ) and by significant morphological differences.

H. trifidus occurs between the Greek Aegean Islands (Lesvos, Chios) and the Hakkari Mountains mainly in the southern half of Turkey. The mark by ASCHER & PICKERING (2014) on the Greek mainland is a centroid point for Greece, not to be interpreted as local specimen record (ASCHER, personal communication). The species is not distributed north of latitude 40°N. To the South, the species occurs along the eastern Mediterranean coastal region of Palestine and reaches the northern part of the Negev desert in Israel at approximately 31°N, but is not found further south in Egypt. A record from Iran (“ Ispahan ”, Warncke 1972: 753) has been corrected ( Warncke 1981: 191, “ Isfahan ”). However, it can be assumed that there was once a larger common area of distribution of H. trifidus populations, of which the southern ones became isolated (perhaps by desert conditions), and that it survived only on the mountainous “island” of Mt Katharine in the Sinai.

Morphologically, the head of H. oliviae females is much longer and narrower than that of H. trifidus ; this points to a special adaptation to a different flower shape, i.e. an independent, divergent evolution. Norfolk et al. (in preparation) report flower visiting on Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (60 %) and Anarrhinum pubescens FRESEN (40 %) in June and July.

Derivatio nominis: The new species is dedicated to the enthusiastic ecologist Olivia Norfolk (Nottingham).

Figures

Figs 1–4: Hylaeus (Hylaeus) oliviae spec. nov.: head in frontal view; surface structure of propodeum and

Figs 27–30: Male terminalia: metasomal sterna 7 and 8 (S7 left ventral view, right dorsal view), genital capsule. – 27H. (Hylaeus) oliviae spec. nov. – 28 H. (Hylaeus) ascheri spec. nov.– 29 H. (Hylaeus) maoxianus spec. nov. – 30 H. (Hylaeus) rozenius spec. nov. – Scale 0.2 mm.

Fig. 5: Hylaeus (Hylaeus) trifidus (ALFKEN). Map of known distribution.