Tulostoma fimbriatum Fr., Syst. Mycol. 3(1): 43. 1829.

Jeppson, Mikael, Altes, Alberto, Moreno, Gabriel, Nilsson, R. Henrik, Yolanda Loarce,, Bustos, Alfredo de & Larsson, Ellen, 2017, Unexpected high species diversity among European stalked puffballs - a contribution to the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Tulostoma (Agaricales), MycoKeys 21, pp. 33-88 : 49-51

Tulostoma fimbriatum Fr., Syst. Mycol. 3(1): 43. 1829. Figures 7, 8

Tulostoma fimbriatum var. campestre ≡ (Morgan) G. Moreno, An. Jard. bot. Madr. 36: 18 (1980) [1979].

Tulostoma campestre ≡ Morgan, J. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist. 12: 163. 1889. Lectotype: USA, Nebraska, Webber (NY!)*.

Tulostoma fibrillosum ≡ V.S. White, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 433. 1901. Holotype. Canada, East shore of Lake Huron, Sept. 1891, J. Dearness (NY!).

Holotype.

Sweden, Skåne, Lomma, ca 1820, E. Fries (UPS F-175998!). Epitype (designated here, MycoBank typification number: MBT374178): Sweden, Skåne, Ravlunda, Klammersbäck, sandy grassland under Pinus , 10 Oct. 1999, I. Månsson 991010 (GB!)*.

GenBank: KU518963 (ITS-LSU), KU843904 (Tef-1α).

Tulostoma fimbriatum is one of the more frequently recorded species of the genus. It was described by Fries (1829) from southernmost Sweden. In the Elias Fries Herbarium at UPS there is a collection from the type locality (Lomma, S. Sweden; Fries 1829, 1849). On the label there is the handwriting of T. M. Fries (Elias Fries’ son) but the material is likely to be an authentic collection of Elias Fries. The material is scanty (one basidiome glued to a piece of cardboard) with the endoperidial mouth zone destroyed and with indistinct micro-morphological characters. Nevertheless it should be considered a holotype, but since its characteristics are ambiguous, an epitype is here chosen from recently collected and sequenced material originating from southernmost Sweden. Tulostoma fimbriatum can be distinguished from other species with similar macro-morphology by its spores, which have a low ornamentation of verrucae coalescing in ridges and Y-shaped crests (Figure 7 c–e). The lectotype of T. campestre (= T. fimbriatum var. campestre ) forms a monophyletic clade with T. fimbriatum sensu stricto. As the morphology (Figure 8) also is congruent we regard them as synonymous. See also T. winterhoffii , with which this species has previously been confused.

Habitat and distribution.

In dry and exposed habitats; both on calcareous and acidic soils, widespread in Europe reaching 60 'N in Scandinavia. Cosmopolitan distribution but in Europe often confused with the widely distributed T. winterhoffii .

Other specimens examined.

GERMANY, Hamburg: Klein Nordende, Wasserstrasse 49, vägkant i allé, 3 Feb. 2016, H. Lundqvist (GB). HUNGARY, Bács-Kiskun: Lakitelek, Szikra, at Railway station, in ruderal sand steppe vegetation, 17 Feb. 2004, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 6636 (GB)*; Tolna, Németkér, 2 Nov. 2012, P. Finy 8, (GB)*. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, Altay: Chuya River, 21 Aug. 2001, H. Knudsen 01.71k (C)*; Irkutskaya obl.: Lake Baykal, Cape Rytyo, 8 Sept. 2000, H. Knudsen 00.190e (C)*. SLOVAKIA, Podunajská nížina: Marcelová, Marcelovské piesky, among grasses on sand dune, 16 Oct. 2004, M. Jeppson 7332 (GB)*; Záhorská nížina: Lakšárska Nová ves, Dolina, on sandy road verge in Pinus forest, 17 Nov. 2014, M. Jeppson 7351 (GB)*; Plavecký Mikuláš, in dry sandy soil ( Corynephoretum ) close to sand pit, 22 Jun. 2006, M. Jeppson 7926 (GB)*; Sväty Ján, Sekule, sandy grassland, 19 Oct. 2004, M. Jeppson 7372 (GB)*. SPAIN, Cádiz: Pinar de Barbate, on sandy roadside in Pinus pinea woodland, 28 Dec. 2004, S. Jeppson, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 7025 (GB)*; Cáceres: La Bazagona, inmediaciones del P. N. Monfragüe, en pradera ácida arenosa con Geastrum campestre , 18 Jan. 1990, G. Moreno, A. Altés (AH 11759)*; Castellón: Oropesa del Mar, playa Morro-gos, bajo Artemisia gallica , 1 Oct. 1975, J. Gómez (AH 1350, GenBank KC333055; AH 1465, GenBank KC333056); Girona: Port de la Selva, 8 Dec. 1997, O. Llimona, (ex BCC-16, AH 25191, GenBank KC333068); Madrid: Alcalá de Henares, cerros de Alcalá, bajo Pinus halepensis , Dec. 1988, J. Álvarez, J.A. Esteban, C. Illana (AH 11493, GenBank KC333059); Ibidem, 1 Mar. 1991, Curso doctorado gasteromicetos 1991 (AH 13114, GenBank KC333066); Carabanchel, terreno básico, 25 Nov. 1989, V. González, C. Ortiz, A. Martínez (AH 11757, GenBank KC333062); Salamanca: Béjar, en suelo removido de huerta, con Urtica, 6 Jan. 2000, J. Giménez (AH 25238, GenBank KC333069); Valladolid: Peñafiel, bajo Pinus , 7 Jan. 1982, P. Asenjo (AH 2973, GenBank KC333058). SWEDEN, Blekinge: Sölvesborg, Tredenborg, 30 Mar. 2006, B. Nilsson, M. Jeppson 060330 (GB)*; Skåne: Ravlunda, Haväng, Lindgrens ängar, sandstäpp, 27 Oct. 2001, S. Hanson, M. Jeppson 5795 (GB)*.