Labahitha garciai ( Simon, 1892 ), 2022

Magalhaes, Ivan L. F., Berry, James W., Koh, Joseph K. H. & Gray, Michael R., 2022, Labahitha spiders (Arachnida: Araneae: Filistatidae) from islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, European Journal of Taxonomy 805 (1), pp. 1-51 : 12-20

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.805.1693
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B43262BE-6FC4-45D9-8DBF-BF6DCACBF97E
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6383018
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B67287B2-7C3E-FFB2-FD89-AA5C9455F81A
treatment provided by	Felipe (2022-03-21 17:09:10, last updated by Juliana 2024-12-04 19:14:06)
scientific name	Labahitha garciai ( Simon, 1892 )
status	comb. nov.

Treatment

Labahitha garciai ( Simon, 1892) View in CoL comb. nov.

Figs 2C–E View Fig , 7–12 View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig , 28A View Fig , 29A–B View Fig

Filistata garciai Simon, 1892: 37 . Two males and one female syntypes from Philippines, Grotte de San- Mateo, Mar.–Apr. 1890, E. Simon leg. (MNHN AR 5414), examined through photos.

Filistata pulchella Simon, 1893: 66 . Male and female syntypes from Philippines, Antipolo, Mar.–Apr. 1890, E. Simon leg., deposited in the MNHN, not examined. Male syntype illustrated by Lehtinen (1967: fig. 23). First synonymized with Filistata garciai by Lehtinen (1967).

Pritha heikkii Saaristo, 1978: 99 , figs 1–10. Holotype female from Seychelles, Mahé, 30 Oct. 1975, M. Saaristo leg., deposited in the Zoological Museum of the University of Turku, not examined. Syn. nov.

Pritha sechellana Benoit, 1978: 677 , figs A–B. Holotype male from Seychelles, Curieuse, 17 Aug. 1972, (MRAC 143165), examined. First synonymized with Pritha heikkii by Saaristo (2010). Syn. nov.

Pritha garciai View in CoL – Lehtinen 1967: 260, fig. 23.

Pritha heikkii – Saaristo 2010: 69, fig. 10.1–6.

Labahitha sp. – Zonstein et al. 2017: fig. 4.

Notes

The original description of Simon (1892) mentions at least two females, but the vial with the syntypes contains one female, a male with both palps attached, and a loose male palp. We did not examine the holotype of F. pulchella , but Lehtinen (1967: fig. 23) provided an excellent illustration of the palp of the holotype and the type localities of both species are nearby ( Simon 1892, 1893). This indicates that the synonymy is correct. We did not examine the type material of Pritha heikkii , but the illustrations in the original description and the proximity between type localities indicate that the synonymy proposed by Saaristo (2010) is correct.

Diagnosis

Males are similar to those of L. oonopiformis , L. ryukyuensis and L. nicobarensis by the teardrop-shaped bulb with a keel-shaped paraembolic lamina. They differ from L. oonopiformis by the shorter embolus (vs longer), from L. ryukyuensis by the more globose base of the bulb (vs base of the bulb more tubular) and from L. nicobarensis by the longer, more curved embolus (vs embolus short and straight) ( Fig. 10 View Fig ). Females are more similar to those of L. oonopiformis and L. gibsonhilli by the large membranous base of the receptacles and well-developed median receptacle; they differ from L. oonopiformis by the median receptacles subequal in size to the laterals (vs median receptacles notably enlarged) and from L. gibsonhilli by the globose median receptacles with evenly scattered pores (vs median receptacles with pores restricted to medial face) ( Fig. 11 View Fig ).

Examined type material

Syntypes of Filistata garciai

PHILIPPINES • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Manila, Cueva de San Mateo ; Mar.–Apr. 1890; E. Simon leg.; MNHN AR 5414 About MNHN .

Pritha sechellana

Holotype

SEYCHELLES • ♂; Curieuse centre , degraded forest; [4.28159° S, 55.72172° E]; 17 Aug. 1972; P.L.G. Benoit and J.J. Van Mol leg.; MRAC 143165 View Materials . GoogleMaps

Allotype SEYCHELLES • ♀; same collection data as for holotype; MRAC 143165 View Materials . GoogleMaps

Paratypes SEYCHELLES • 3 ♀♀, 2 imm.; Praslin , Vallée de Mai; [4.33° S, 55.73839° E]; 25 Jul. 1972; P.L.G. Benoit and J.J. Van Mol leg.; in the humus; MRAC 143106 View Materials GoogleMaps .

Other material examined

MALAYSIA • 1 ♂; Sarawak, Kapit, Sut-Gaat Felling Area; Nanga Suau ; [1.9949° N, 112.9331° E]; 20 Apr. 1978; T. Lau leg.; AMNH IFM-0936 GoogleMaps .

PAPUA NEW GUINEA • 5 ♀♀; Morobe Province, E of Wau, Boston ranch ; [7.33714° S, 146.71594° E]; 6 Mar. 1979; H.W. Levi, Y.D. Lubin and M.H. Robinson leg.; MCZ 40221 GoogleMaps .

PHILIPPINES • 8 ♂♂, 6 imm.; Mindoro, San Jose ; [12.34714° N, 121.06605° E]; Mar. 1945; E.S. Ross leg.; CAS 9060572 About CAS GoogleMaps • 2 ♀♀, 1 imm.; same collection data as for preceding; CAS 9060573 About CAS GoogleMaps • 3 ♀♀, 4 imm.; same collection data as for preceding; CAS 9060574 About CAS GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; CAS 9060575 About CAS GoogleMaps • 6 ♀♀, 1 imm.; Rizal, Montalban ; [14.60375° N, 121.30841° E]; 16 Feb. 1951; J.F. Bergseng leg.; MCZ 39060 GoogleMaps • 2 ♀♀; Rizal, Montalban, Umber ; [14.60375° N, 121.30841° E]; 21 Dec. 1950; MCZ 40197 GoogleMaps .

SINGAPORE • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 1 imm.; Upper Selatar Reservoir Park ; 1.4° N, 103.80667° E; 15 Feb. 2015; B.A. Huber and D. Court leg.; ZFMK 12710 About ZFMK GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; Dairy Farm Nature Park ; 1.36611° N, 103.78056° E; 23 Aug. 2013; J.K.H. Koh leg.; wall of abandoned hut; JK 130823.0003 GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Pulau Ubin , Camp Resilience, National Police Cadet Corps; 1.41861° N, 103.96833° E; 10 Mar. 2015; J.K.H. Koh leg.; old building wall; JK 150310.0001 GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; JK 150310.0002 GoogleMaps .

Description

Male (from Kapit, Sarawak, Malaysia, AMNH IFM-0936)

COLOURATION. Carapace light brown, with brown median pattern and lateral borders and faint submarginal bands. Chelicerae orange brown. Labium, endites and sternum cream. Legs cream, except for orange brown femur I and light brown tarsus I, without rings. Abdomen light brown; dorsum with two patches of white setae, one large and anterior and one smaller and posterior; venter cream.

HABITUS. Anterior margin of the carapace subrounded, with unsclerotized clypeus. Eye apodemes present. Sternum subrounded, sigilla not visible.

MEASUREMENTS. Total length 3.16. Carapace length 1.32, width 1.03. Clypeus length 0.24. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06, PME 0.08, ALE 0.11, PLE 0.09, AME–AME 0.02, PME–PME 0.09. Sternum length 0.82, width 0.69. Palp: femur length 0.68, height 0.23, tibia length 0.38, height 0.20. Leg I: 5.76 (1.49, 0.38, 1.67, 1.45, 0.77). II: 4.18 (1.14, 0.39, 1.07, 1.06, 0.52). III: 3.64 (1.05, 0.32, 0.83, 0.97, 0.47). IV: 4.77 (1.23, 0.47, 1.27, 1.28, 0.52). Abdomen: length 1.81, width 0.97.

LEG MACROSETAE. Mt I 1a.vr.

PALP ( Fig. 10 View Fig ). Cymbium horseshoe shaped, bulb piriform, narrowing rapidly towards embolus, sperm duct N-shaped, with a single coil, proximally enlarged, prolateral excavation small, just beneath paraembolic lamina, paraembolic lamina small, spoon-shaped, with fimbriated margin, embolus long and gently curved.

State of the specimen: lost many abdomen setae, many legs, and abdomen separated from the cephalothorax; left palp dissected.

Female (from Dairy Farm Nature Park, Singapore, JK 1308230003)

COLOURATION. As in male, except where noted. Carapace cream, sparsely stippled with brown. Legs yellow, except for white coxae. Abdomen cream, dorsum with sparse white setae on the abdomen.

HABITUS. Anterior margin of the carapace unmodified. Eye apodemes present. Sternum suboval, with a well-marked pair of posterior sigilla.

MEASUREMENTS. Total length 4.22. Carapace length 1.61, width 1.25. Clypeus length 0.31. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.07, PME 0.08, ALE 0.10, PLE 0.08, AME–AME 0.02, PME–PME 0.12. Sternum length 0.93, width 0.73. Palp: femur length 0.74, height 0.32, tibia length 0.46, height 0.27. Leg I: 4.49 (1.18, 0.41, 1.17, 0.99, 0.74). II: 3.78 (1.08, 0.42, 0.83, 0.88, 0.57). III: 3.14 (0.86, 0.39, 0.66, 0.76, 0.47). IV: 4.46 (1.31, 0.44, 1.17, 1.05, 0.49). Abdomen: length 2.69, width 1.79.

LEG MACROSETAE. Absent. Calamistrum with three rows with 7-4-6 setae.

EPIGASTRIC FURROW. Adorned with thick setae.

ENDOGYNE ( Fig. 11 View Fig ). Median receptacles large, with pores clustered in large groups set apart from each other; lateral receptacles on a short stalk, large, oval, with more pores in the ectal face.

Variation

This species has two colour morphs (yellow and brown; Figs 7H–I View Fig , 8A–B View Fig ). This had been noted by Simon (1892: 37: “ ♀. Long. 5 mill. — Cephalothorax, pedes-maxillares pedesque pallide testaceo-lurida […] Var. ♀. Cephalothorax et femora infuscata.”) and Benoit (1978: 678: “ P. sechellana se présente sous deux colorations differéntes, à savoir une forme jaune pâle et une forme mélanique”). The shape of the female receptacles varies: they may bulge distally ( Fig. 11A View Fig ), be slightly sinuous ( Fig. 11C View Fig ) or collapse ( Fig. 11B, D View Fig ). Males (N = 5): total length 2.63–3.16 (2.92), carapace length 1.22–1.35 (1.29), femur I length 1.49–1.69 (1.61), tibia I length 1.67–1.87 (1.76), femur/carapace ratio 1.13–1.34 (1.25). Females (N = 5): total length 4.11–4.75 (4.41), carapace length 1.4–1.79 (1.54), femur I length 1.18–1.78 (1.41), tibia I length 1.17–1.81 (1.44), femur/carapace ratio 0.73–0.99 (0.91).

Natural history

The species has been collected in synanthropic settings in Singapore and in the Seychelles (“very common in minute crevices of the walls of the Reef Hotel”; Saaristo 1978: 100).

Distribution

Known from Malaysia ( Sarawak), Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Seychelles and Singapore ( Fig. 1C View Fig ).

References

Benoit P. L. G. 1978. Contributions a l'etude de la faune terrestre des iles granitiques de l'archipel des Sechelles (Mission P. L. G. Benoit - J. J. Van Mol 1972). Araneae Cribellatae. Revue de Zoologie africaine 92: 675 - 679.

Lehtinen P. T. 1967. Classification of the cribellate spiders and some allied families, with notes on the evolution of the suborder Araneomorpha. Annales Zoologici Fennici 4: 199 - 468.

Saaristo M. I. 1978. Spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) from the Seychelle islands, with notes on taxonomy. Annales Zoologici Fennici 15: 99 - 126.

Saaristo M. I. 2010. Araneae. In: Gerlach J. & Marusik Y. M. (eds) Arachnida and Myriapoda of the Seychelles Islands: 8 - 306. Siri Scientific Press, Manchester.

Simon E. 1892. Etudes cavernicoles de l'ile Luzon. Voyage de M. E. Simon aux l'iles Phillipines (mars et avril 1890). 4 e Memoire. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 61: 35 - 52.

Simon E. 1893. Voyage de M. E. Simon aux iles Philippines (mars et avril 1890). 6 e Memoire. Arachnides. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 62: 65 - 80.

Zonstein S. L., Marusik Y. M. & Magalhaes I. L. F. 2017. Labahitha nom. n., a replacement name for Mystes Bristowe, 1938, with a redescription of the type species (Aranei: Filistatidae). Arthropoda Selecta 26 (4): 303 - 309. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / arthsel. 26.4.04

Figures

Fig. 2. Labahitha Zonstein, Marusik & Magalhaes, 2017, live specimens. A–B. Labahitha fuscata (Nakatsudi, 1943) comb.nov., from Brunei, Tutong.A. Female.B. Female with juveniles.C–E. Labahitha garciai (Simon, 1892) comb. nov., from Singapore. C. Male. D. Female (arrow) in her web. E. Female. Photos by Joseph Koh, except D by Chris Ang.

Fig. 7. Labahitha garciai (Simon, 1892) comb. nov., males. A–C. Holotype of Pritha sechellana Benoit, 1978 (MRAC 143165). A. Dorsal. B. Ventral. C. Lateral. D–G. Male from Malaysia, Sarawak (AMNH IFM-0936). D. Habitus, dorsal. E. Left leg I, retrolateral. F. Clypeus, lateral. G. Clypeus, subventral. H–I. Males from Singapore, Upper Selatar Reservoir Park (ZFMK 12710), carapace, dorsal. Scale bars = 1 mm, except where noted.

Fig. 8. Labahitha garciai (Simon, 1892) comb. nov., females. A. Allotype ofPritha sechellana Benoit, 1978 (MRAC 143165), dorsal. B. Paratype of Pritha sechellana Benoit, 1978 (MRAC 143106). C–H. Female from Singapore, Dairy Farm Nature Park (JK 130823.0003). C. Lateral. D. Dorsal. E. Ventral. F. Carapace, dorsal. G. Left calamistrum, retrolateral. H. Sternum, ventral. Scale bars: 1 mm, except where noted.

Fig. 9. Labahitha garciai (Simon, 1892) comb. nov., syntypes of Filistata garciai (MNHN AR 5414). A. Male, dorsal. B. Male, lateral. C. Male palps. D. Loose palp within the vial. E. Female, ventral. F. Label associated to specimens. Figures not to scale.

Fig. 10. Labahitha garciai (Simon, 1892) comb. nov., left male palps (D–E clove oil cleared). A–D. Male from Malaysia, Sarawak (AMNH IFM-0936). A. Prolateral. B. Dorsal. C. Retrolateral. D. Bulb, prolateral. E. Holotype of Pritha sechellana Benoit, 1978 (right palp, mirrored) (MRAC 143165). F–G. Males from Singapore, Upper Selatar Reservoir Park (ZFMK 12710), bulbs, prolateral (G, right palp, mirrored). H. Male from Philippines, Mindoro, San Jose (CAS 9060572), bulb, prolateral. Abbreviation: PL = paraembolic lamina. Scale bars = 0.1 mm, except where noted.

Fig. 11. Labahitha garciai (Simon, 1892) comb. nov., endogyne, dorsal, lactic acid cleared. A. From Singapore, Pulau Ubin (JK 150310.0002).B. From Singapore, Dairy FarmNature Park (JK 130823.0003). C. From Singapore, Upper Selatar Reservoir Park (ZFMK 12710). D. Paratype of Pritha sechellana Benoit, 1978 (MRAC 143106). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 12. Labahitha garciai (Simon, 1892) comb. nov., from Singapore, Upper Selatar Reservoir Park (ZFMK 12710), genitalia. A–D. Male. A. Left palp, prolateral view. B. Bulb, prolateral view. C. Same, detail of paraembolic lamina. D. Bulb, dorsal. E–F. Female. E. Endogyne, cleared, dorsal. F. Same, detail of receptacle pores. Abbreviations: Cy = cymbium; ES = embolic slit; Ex = tegular excavation; Fi = fimbriations on paraembolic lamina; LR = lateral receptacle; MR = median receptacle; PL = paraembolic lamina.

Fig. 28. Labahitha spp., left bulbs, prolateral, clove oil cleared. A. Labahitha garciai (Simon, 1892) comb. nov. from Malaysia, Sarawak, Kapit (AMNH IFM-0936). B–C. Labahitha marginata (Kishida, 1936) comb. nov. B. Costa Rica, San José, Parque Nacional La Cangreja (INBIO 79582). C. Holotype of Filistata bakeri Berland, 1938 from Vanuatu, Espiritu Santo (MNHN AR 3436). The palp appears to have been dry and some structures seem deformed, especially the sperm duct. D. Labahitha incerta sp. nov., holotype Australia, Queensland, Nipping Gully (QM S.78659). Abbreviations: BBS = basal bulb sclerite; PL = paraembolic lamina; tM29 = tendon of the claw flexor muscle. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 29. Labahitha spp., endogyne, dorsal. A. Labahitha garciai (Simon, 1892) comb. nov. from Singapore, Pulau Ubin (JK 150310.0002). B. Paratype of Pritha sechellana Benoit, 1978 from Seychelles, Praslin (MRAC 143106). C. Labahitha fuscata (Nakatsudi, 1943) comb. nov. from Brunei, Tutong (JK 110416.1907). D–E. Labahitha marginata (Kishida, 1936) comb. nov. D. Costa Rica, San José, Parque Nacional La Cangreja (INBIO 79582). E. Paratype of Filistata bakeri Berland, 1938 from Vanuatu, Espiritu Santo (MNHN AR 3437). F. Holotype of Labahitha platnicki sp. nov. from New Caledonia, Nord, Foué (AMNH IFM-0890). Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 1. Geographical distribution of Labahitha Zonstein, Marusik & Magalhaes, 2017. A. L. fuscata (Nakatsudi, 1943) comb. nov. B. Labahitha spp. (black triangle = L. gibsonhilli (Savory, 1943); white circle = L. nicobarensis (Tikader, 1977) comb. nov.; white square = L. oonopiformis (Bristowe, 1938); white star = L. platnicki sp. nov.; white triangle = L. ryukyuensis (Ono, 2013) comb. nov.; black star = L. incerta sp. nov.; black diamond = L. littoralis (Roewer, 1938) comb. nov.; black square = L. insularis (Thorell, 1891) comb. nov.; black circle =L. sundaica comb. nov. C. L. garciai(Simon, 1892) comb. nov. D. L. marginata (Kishida, 1936) comb. nov. Scale bars = 1000 km.