Trachys latus Peng, 2021

Peng, Zhongliang, 2021, Studies on the Genus Trachys Fabricius from China (1) - Discussion of Taxonomic Characters and Descriptions of Eight New Species (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Agrilinae: Tracheini), The Coleopterists Bulletin 75 (2), pp. 313-329 : 323-328

Trachys latus Peng , new species zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:54F57F23-6E73-4128-B406-99293E3878BD ( Figs. 53 – 55 )

Type Specimens. Holotype ( BPCQ), female, labeled: “ Longwantan National Forest Park , altitude 540 m, 28°32′N 120°88′E, Yongjia County, Zhejiang, China, 10-IV-2020, Leg. Y-Q. Cai ”.

Description. Habitus ( Fig. 54 ): Length 3.1 mm, width 2.0 mm, dark brown with bronze reflections, brighter underneath, form very broad and dilated. Head: Widely excavated between eyes; vertex transversely convex, covered with sparse golden yellow pubescence; frons depressed along midline, covered with dense, recumbent dark golden-yellow pubescence; eyes reniform, genae very short; antennal sockets situated just above lower margins of eyes; clypeus golden green, metallic and shiny; anterior margin widely and deeply emarginate; clypeal suture nearly straight; lateral sides narrowed at midlength; antenna very short, barely reaching anterior margin of pronotum when laid alongside; antennal scape and pedicel cylindrical, about 1.21 times as long as wide; antennomeres 3 – 6 cylindrical, about 1.52 times as long as wide; antennomeres 7 – 11 serrate. Pronotum: About 2.38 times as wide as long, widest at base, distinctly narrower than elytral base; lateral margins from base sharply tapering to acute anterior angles; anterior margin biarcuate with median lobe slightly angulately produced; basal margin trisinuate with angulate median lobe; disc convex medially, along basal margin slightly depressed; surface nearly entirely covered with brown-yellow pubescence mixed with six irregular spots of white pubescence. Scutellar shield: Very small but clearly visible, triangular, smooth. Elytra: About 1.32 times as long as wide, about 3.70 times as long as pronotum, widest at humeri; anterior two-thirds of lateral margins nearly parallel, from apical third sharply tapering to apices; apices jointly arcuate, without distinct apical and lateral denticles; elytral surface broad, slightly convex; humeri distinctly projecting beyond elytral outline; basal depressions indistinct; entire surface covered nearly evenly with brown-yellow pubescence except for markings of white pubescence, at base with two irregular spots, at midlength near suture with one spot, near side with one short oblique strip, on posterior half with two transverse bands, first one zigzag, apical one transversely straight. Lateral view ( Fig. 53 ): Thickest point lying behind scutellar shield; maximal thickness markedly exceeding length of head plus pronotum; curvature with angle of 115° between pronotal margin and subhumeral lobe; basal part of elytral margin arcuate with obtuse angle above metaventrite; humeral carina indistinct, with only an arcuate convex trace extending from base to humerus. Underside ( Fig. 55 ): Nearly uniformly covered with short pale pubescence; prosternal process about 1.55 times as long as wide, widest at apical angles; lateral marginal carinae distinct, com- pletely parallel; apical angles acute; apical margin acuminate apically but oblique laterally; surface depressed, smooth, with dense, long pale pubescence; prosternum transverse, narrow, anterior margin emarginate, posterior margin transversely oblique laterally; hypomeron with a crescent-shaped or semi-circular marking near inner side, outside quite smooth; metaventrite with coarse and ocellate fovea or granules centrally, distinct transverse or arcuate wrinkles near sides and along anterior margin covered, anterior margin deeply, angulately emarginate; first abdominal ventrite covered with reticulate wrinkles, remainder with ocellate sculpture; margin of anal ventrite arcuate. Legs: Procoxa and mesocoxa globular, posterior coxa expanded as a transverse plate; all trochanters small, nearly triangular; all femora moderately dilated; all tibiae slender with some pale pubescence and sparse spines but with several very sharp spines near base of each tibia; tarsi light yellow; claws with a short-swollen tooth at base. Sexual dimorphism: Male unknown.

Remarks. This new species is very similar to Trachys ineditus Saunders, 1873 but can be distin- guished as follows: 1) elytra in T. latus about 0.75 times as wide as long, while in T. ineditus only about 0.69 times as wide as long; 2) anterior two-thirds of elytra in T. latus subparallel, while in T. ineditus only anterior half of elytra subparallel; 3) T. ineditus with one additional small white pubescent spot on apical third near suture of elytron, while T. latus without such spot; and 4) prosternal process in T. latus parallel-sided laterally, apical margin acuminate, while in T. ineditus prosternal process narrowed laterally at midlength, apical margin arcuate.

Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin adjective “latus ”, meaning wide or broad, referring to the body shape of the species, especially the broad anterior two-thirds of elytra.

Trachys lushanensis Peng , new species zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B809423A-1211-4F0A-A7A8-FC7426D8F7FC ( Figs. 56 – 59 )

Type Specimen. Holotype ( BPCQ), male, genitalia dissected, mounted on cover slip and pinned with holotype. Labeled : “Shimenjia, 1000 m, Mt. Lushan, 29°10′N 114°66′E, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China, VII-2018, Leg. Zhou et al.”.

Description. Habitus ( Fig. 56 ): Length 2.8 mm, width 1.7 mm, dark brown with bronze and dark purple reflections both above and below; form long and attenuate. Head: Widely excavated between eyes; vertex transversely convex, covered with dense, dark golden yellow pubescence; frons depressed along midline with a fine longitudinal groove, covered with dense, recumbent dark golden-yellow pubescence; eyes reniform; antennal sockets situated just above lower margins of eyes, wide and deep; clypeus golden bronze, metallic and shiny; anterior margin arcuately and deeply emarginate; clypeal suture arcuate; lateral sides narrowed at midlength; antenna short, barely reaching anterior margin of pronotum when laid alongside; antennal scape moniliform, about 1.21 times as long as wide; pedicel shorter than scape, subcylindrical, about 1.52 times as long as wide; antennomeres 3 – 6 cylindrical, much shorter than antennal scape and pedicel and slightly shorter than remaining apical ones, about 1.52 times as long as wide; antennomeres 7 – 11 serrate. Pronotum: About 2.95 times as wide as long, widest at base, slightly wider than elytral base; lateral margins sharply tapering from base to acute anterior angles; anterior margin biarcuate with median lobe weakly produced; basal margin trisinuate with arcuate median lobe; disc convex medially, slightly depressed along basal margin; surface nearly evenly covered with brown-yellow pubescence, mixed with several irregular spots of white pubescence. Scutellar shield: Very small but clearly visible, triangular, smooth. Elytra: About 1.42 times as long as wide, about 4.35 times as long as pronotum, widest at humeri; lateral margins very slightly emarginate behind humeri, from apical third gradually con- verging to apices; apices jointly arcuate, with sparse and short denticles along apical and posterior lateral margins; elytral surface convex; humeri weakly projecting beyond elytral outline; basal depressions narrow but distinct; entire surface nearly evenly covered with brown-yellow pubescence except for markings of white pubescence at basal depression and under humerus with one irregular spot, respectively, at about midlength near suture with one spot, near lateral margin with one short oblique strip, and on posterior half with two zigzag transverse bands. Lateral view ( Fig. 58 ): Thickest point lying behind scutellar shield; maximal thickness markedly exceeding length of pronotum plus head, curvature with angle of 115° between pronotal margin and subhumeral lobe; basal part of elytral margin obliquely straight with obtuse angle above metaventrite, humeral carina indistinct, with only an arcuate convex trace. Underside ( Fig. 57 ): Unevenly covered with short white pubescence, denser near sides; prosternal process about 2.27 times as long as wide, widest at apical angles; apical angles weakly acute, lateral marginal carinae distinct, narrowed near apical third; apical margin acuminate apically and oblique laterally; surface sparsely punctate and pubescent; prosternum transverse, narrow, anterior margin broadly emarginate, posterior margin transverse; hypomeron with a semi-circular marking near inner side, outside quite smooth; metaventrite with sparse coarse ocellate fovea centrally, but covered with distinct transverse or arcuate wrinkles near sides and along anterior margin, anterior margin arcuately emarginate; first abdominal ventrite covered with reticulate wrinkles, remainder with ocellate sculpture; margin of anal ventrite arcuately acuminate. Legs: Procoxa and mesocoxa globular, posterior coxa expanded as a transverse plate; all trochanters small, nearly triangular; all femora moderately dilated; all tibiae slender with some pale pubescence, near base of each of tibia with some weak spines; all tarsi light yellow; claws with a short tooth at base. Aedeagus ( Fig. 59 ): Length 0.70 mm, width 0.18 mm, brown-yellow with black spots along sides; phallobase about 0.23 times the total length; parameres gradually diverging from base to apical fourth where dilated, then arcuately to apices, at dilated area with parameral membrane; median lobe cylindrical, apex obtuse or arcuate. Sexual dimorphism: Female unknown.

Remarks. This species strongly resembles Trachys reitteri Obenberger, 1930 , but can be separated as follows: 1) body more attenuate posteriorly in T. lushanensis , widest at pronotal base, wider or as wide as elytral base, while in T. reitteri body only slightly attenuate posteriorly, pronotal base markedly narrower than elytral base; 2) prosternal process in T. lushanensis strongly narrowed at apical third, while in T. reitteri subparallel; and 3) male aedeagus in T. lushanensis longer, with a pair of distinct basal knots and distinctly dilated near apices, while in T. reitteri very short, subcylindrical, only slightly dilated before apices, basal knots small or indistinct.

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the mountain where the holotype was collected.

Trachys meilingensis Peng , new species zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4F88E499-36FE-44D6-BD38-B4306C46A418 ( Figs. 60 – 62 )

Type Specimen. Holotype ( BPCQ), female, labeled: “ Mt. Meiling , 500 m, 28°79′N 115°75′E, Suburb of Nanchang, Jiangxi, China, 18-IX-2005, Leg. Z-L. Peng ”.

Description. Habitus ( Fig. 60 ): Length 3.5 mm, width 1.8 mm, above black brown with dark purple reflections, underside brown with bronze and purple tinges, form long and oval. Head: Widely excavated between eyes; vertex transversely convex, frons depressed along midline, covered with sparse pale pubescence, eyes reniform; antennal sockets situated above lower margins of eyes, wide and deep; clypeus golden green, metallic and shiny, anterior margin slightly emarginate, clypeal suture arcuate, lateral sides narrowed at midlength; antenna short, not reaching anterior margin of pronotum when laid alongside; antennal scape and pedicel subcylindrical, about 1.52 times as long as wide; antennomeres 3 – 6 cylindrical, much shorter than scape and pedicel and slightly shorter than remaining apical ones, about 1.50 times as long as wide; antennomeres 7 – 11 serrate. Pronotum: About 2.65 times as wide as long, widest at base, but markedly narrower than elytral base, lateral margins sharply tapering from base to acute anterior angles; anterior margin biarcuate with median lobe weakly produced; basal margin trisinuate with angulate median lobe; disc convex medially, weakly depressed along basal and lateral margins; surface covered with large ocellate sculpture, with some yellowish pubescence, mixed with irregular white pubescent spots. Scutellar shield: Small but clearly visible, triangular, smooth. Elytra: About 1.61 times as long as wide, about 4.65 times as long as pronotum, widest at humeri; lateral margins widely and deeply emarginate behind humeri, gradually con- verging from apical third to apices; apices jointly arcuate, with distinct denticles along posterior lateral margin; elytral surface convex; humeri distinctly projecting beyond elytral outline; basal depressions distinct and deep; ornamentation consisting of only white pubescence or mixed with very small amount of yellow ones, arranged on each elytron as follows: an irregular spot at base near suture and under humerus respectively, one inconspicuous and oblique zigzag band at about midlength, two subparallel zigzag bands on posterior half. Lateral view ( Fig. 62 ): Thickest point lying behind scutellar shield; maximal thickness markedly exceeding length of pronotum plus head, curvature with angle of about 115° between pronotal margin and subhumeral lobe; basal part of elytral margin very obliquely straight with obtuse angle above metaventrite; humeral carina distinct, short, arcuate. Underside ( Fig. 61 ): Nearly evenly covered with short white pubescence; prosternal process about 1.82 times as long as wide, widest at apical angles; lateral marginal carinae moderately distinct, slightly narrowed at midlength; apical angles dilated and very obtuse, apical margin arcuate; surface smooth, unevenly covered with pale pubescence; prosternum butterfly-like, anterior margin arcuate, posterior margin arcuate inwards laterally; surface with a transverse band of dense pale pubescence; hypomeron with a typical footprint-shaped marking near inner side, outside smooth; metaventrite smooth centrally, with distinct reticulate transverse or arcuate wrinkles near sides and along anterior margin, anterior margin deeply emarginate; first two abdominal ventrites covered with reticulate wrinkles, remainder relatively smooth, margin of anal ventrite arcuate. Legs: Procoxa and mesocoxa globular, posterior coxa expanded as a transverse plate; all trochanters small, nearly triangular; all femora moderately dilated; tibiae slender, both inner and outer edges with a row of distinct yellowish spines; all tarsi light yellow; claws with a long tooth at base. Sexual dimorphism: Male unknown.

Remarks. This species is very similar to Trachys sororculus Obenberger, 1929 , but they can be separated as follows: 1) anterior two-thirds of elytra in T. meilingensis more quadrate, slightly attenuate posteriorly, while in T. sororculus anterior two-thirds of elytra more attenuate; 2) in Trachys meilingensis the humerus is distinctly convex with a very sharp, short humeral carina in lateral view, while in T. sororculus the humerus is moderately convex and the humeral carina is indistinct with only a short, arcuate, convex trace in lateral view; and 3) lateral margins of prosternal process in T. meilingensis narrowed at midlength, while in T. sororculus basal part of prosternal process very narrow and slender, apical half fan-shaped.

Etymology. The species is named in reference to the mountain locality where the holotype was collected.

Figures

Figs. 48–56. Trachys fusiformis, new species, holotype, male: 48) Lateral view. T. ovalis, new species, holotype, male: 49) Dorsal view; 50) Ventral view; 51) Lateral view; 52) Aedeagus (dorsal view). T. latus, new species, holotype, female: 53) Lateral view; 54) Dorsal view; 55) Ventral view. T. lushanensis, new species, holotype, male: 56) Dorsal view.

Figs. 57–62. T. lushanensis, new species, holotype, male: 57) Ventral view; 58) Lateral view; 59) Aedeagus (dorsal view). T. meilingensis, new species, holotype, female: 60) Dorsal view; 61) Ventral view; 62) Lateral view.