Heterodera

Zeng, Yongsan, Ye, Weimin, Tredway, Lane, Martin, Samuel & Martin, Matt, 2012, Taxonomy and morphology of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with turfgrasses in North and South Carolina, USA, Zootaxa 3452, pp. 1-46 : 13-15

Heterodera sp.

( Fig. 3 I–K)

Measurements. See Table 6 .

Remarks. The J2 of an unidentified species of Heterodera was found in golf course tees established with bermudagrass in Horry County, SC. No cysts or white females were found. The morphology and morphometrics of J2’s were similar to those of H. mani , which was described from perennial rye-grass ( Lolium perenne ) in Magilligan, Northern Ireland by Mathews (1971) and has been recorded from the Western Hemisphere and California ( Golden 1979), Northern Ireland ( Mowat 1974), Germany ( Sturhan 1976a; 2006), Belgium ( Vandenbossche et al. 2011), the Netherlands ( Maas & Brinkman 1977), Estonia ( Krall et al. 1999), Iran ( Moghaddam & Kheiri 1995) and Pakistan ( Maqbool 1980). The 18S rDNA and ITS sequence (2289 bp sequenced) had 99% identity with a European population of H. mani ( EU669916 1700 bp sequenced) ( Holterman et al. 2009). However, as no cysts were detected in this study, the species of Heterodera could not be determined. This is the first record of Heterodera from turfgrasses in SC.

measurements in μm and in the format: mean ± S.D. (range).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Micrographs of J 2 of Meloidogyne graminis, M. naasi, Heterodera sp. and Cactodera sp. from turfgrasses in NC and SC. Scale bars: A, E, I, L = 50 µm; B – D, F – H, J, K, M – O = 20 µm. A. Entire body of M. graminis. B. Pharyngeal region of M. graminis. C, D. Tail of M. graminis. E. Entire body of M. naasi. F. Pharyngeal region of M. naasi. G, H. Tails of M. naasi. I. Entire body of H. sp. J. Pharyngeal region of H. sp. K. Tail of H. sp. L. Entire body of C. sp. M. Pharyngeal region of C. sp. N, O. Tails of C. sp.