Shannoniella Townsend, 1939

Nihei, Silvio S., Andrade, Marcos R., Pape, Thomas & Cerretti, Pierfilippo, 2016, The Shannoniella sisters (Diptera: Rhinophoridae), Zootaxa 4061 (1), pp. 85-92 : 86

Shannoniella Townsend, 1939

Shannoniella Townsend, 1939: 249 . Type species: S. cuspidata Townsend, 1939: 251 , by original designation.

References. Guimarães 1971: 112 (Neotropical catalogue); Pape & Arnaud 2001: 289 (comments); Peris & González 2007: 52 (check-list, with the following errors: Itaquaquecetuba as type locality of cuspidata , and ‘ portalidoptera ’ [sic] as a species of Shannoniella —actually ortalidoptera is a species of the tachinid Shannonomyiella Townsend ); Pape 2010: 1340 (key to Neotropical genera); Mulieri et al. 2010: 68 (key to New World genera); Cerretti & Pape 2012: 287 (phylogenetic relationships); Cerretti et al. 2014: 685 (phylogenetic relationships); Evenhuis et al. 2015: 247 (nomenclature); Nihei & Andrade 2014: 727 (comments).

Diagnosis. In addition to the characters included in the key of Mulieri et al. (2010), the following features also characterize and can help to distinguish Shannoniella from the other rhinophorid genera: head shape strongly modified especially in the males, with sunken face and vibrissal angles conspicuously projected forward and turned inwards apically (Figs 1b, 2b); male proclinate orbital setae present; male first aristomere elongated and more than twice as long as its greatest diameter; metathoracic spiracular lappets practically absent; vein R1 entirely setulose dorsally; wing infuscated but with 3 or 4 clear (non-infuscated), hyaline spots on cells r2+3, r4+5, dm and m (hyaline spot on r2+3 absent in S. setinervis sp. nov.); male tergite 6 divided into two hemitergites.

Remarks. Neotropical genera of Rhinophoridae can be identified using the keys provided by Pape (2010, with Apomorphyto Cerretti, Lo Giudice & Pape 2014 included as “Undescribed Genus A”) and Mulieri et al. (2010), with the complement added by Nihei & Andrade (2014) to fit the new redefinition of Trypetidomima .