Empitrombium makolae, Sevsay, Sevgi & Karakurt, İbrahim, 2013

Sevsay, Sevgi & Karakurt, İbrahim, 2013, A new species of the genus Empitrombium Southcott, 1994 (Acari: Microtrombidiidae) from Turkey, Zootaxa 3709 (3), pp. 255-266 : 256-264

Empitrombium makolae sp. nov.

Diagnosis. Adult. Body length 1300–1900, width 850–1400. Distal ctenidium of palp tibia made of 5–6 spinisetae (plus paradont), proximal ctenidium composed of 8–12 spinisetae, radula consists of 6–13 spine-like setae; lateral face of palp tibia with one long and strong basidont; crista metopica with rounded sensillary area, anterior and posterior processes; long accessory posterior process present; double eyes almost sessile, anterior lenses distinctly larger than posterior ones; dorsal opisthosomal setae (pDS) uniform (15–20) with wide, cylindrical or slightly fusiform stem, three times longer than wide, all covered with very delicate setules; all setae based on distinct papillae with regular rim; legs without lamellar processes; tarsus I elongate, at least 1.5 as long as wide.

Deutonymph. Generally smaller (body length 950–1080 width 590–650). Medial face of palp tibia much simplified, with only distal ctenidium made of 4–5 spinisetae (plus paradont) and radula with 2–5 spine-like setae; lateral face of palp tibia with one basidont; dorsal opisthosomal setae similar to those in adults.

Larva. Gnathosoma with horseshoe-like sclerite bearing large denticled membranes outside. Palp femur and genu bearing one spine-like seta each and palp tibia with three nude setae. Setae bs in shape of stout calyx, distally seven finger-like extensions. Surface of scutum bears three pairs of nonsensillary setae and one pair of sensillary setae. Smooth up to AM bases and whole remaining part striate and punctate. ƒCx formula: BB-B-B. Tarsal claws formula: 2-2-3. Ta III terminated with two falciform claws and a slender claw-like empodium. Lophotrix and scopa absent on tarsus III.

Descriptions. Holotype. Female Standard measurements in Table 1 . Body is red colour in life. Idiosoma broadened at shoulders, narrowing posteriad ( Fig. 1 ). Body length 1805, width 1285.

. .....continued on the next page. .....continued on the next page Gnathosoma. Palps strong ( Fig. 2 ). Medial face of palp tibia with two, often overlapping ctenidia and radula. Distal ctenidium composed of stronger setae than proximal one. Distal ctenidium made of 5–6 (plus paradont) spinisetae situated behind paradont; proximal ctenidium composed of 8–12 uniform spinisetae; radula consist of 13-13 long and very strong spine-like setae ( Fig. 3 ). Lateral face of palp tibia ( Fig. 4 ) with one long (60–75) and strong basidont placed at base of palp tarsus and with one long, smooth, whip-like setae at base of odontus. Palp tarsus characteristic, long and cylindrical with numerous feather-like setae and 2–3 solenidia in distal part.

Idiosoma. Aspidosoma triangular in outline. Anterior part of crista metopica relatively broad, almost not fused with weakly sclerotized vertex which bears several long, setulose, nonsensillary setae (AM) ( Fig. 5 ); rounded sensillary area bears two short, smooth sensillary setae; posterior process relatively short and indistinct; accessory posterior process present and clearly prolonged. Double and sessile eyes, located at half length of anterior part of crista metopica; anterior lenses distinctly larger than posterior lenses. Dorsal opisthosomal setae ( Fig. 6 ) uniform (15–20), more than three times longer than wide, with broad, cylindrical stem, all covered with very delicate long setules; mid-dorsal seta of shorter than post-dorsal ones (pDS); all setae based on with regular rim. Ventral seta slightly longer (18–29). External genitalia composed of a pair of epivalves and centrovalves covered densely with setae. Epivalves shorter than centrovalves ( Fig. 7 ) with three pairs of genital acetabula.

Legs. Legs without lamellar processes, shorter than idiosoma. Tarsus I elongate (210–280 long, 130–190 wide), tibia I shorter than tarsus I ( Fig. 8 ).

Male: Generally similar to female; body shorter than female, body length 1300–1600, width 850–1100. Posterior part of crista metopica longer than female and wide vertex strongly sclerotized ( Fig. 9 ). Male anus (110– 120) much bigger than in female (85–95).

Deutonymph: Standard measurements in Table 1 . Similar to adult but smaller. Anterior part of crista metopica not fused with vertex which bears a few long, setulose, nonsensillary setae (AM) ( Fig. 10 ). Palps similar to those in adult but smaller and not as robust as in adult. Medial face of palp tibia ( Fig. 11 ) much simplified, with only one ctenidium composed of 4–5 spinisetae (excluding paradont) and radula with 2–5 spine-like setae. Lateral face of palp tibia ( Fig. 12 ) with one basidont. Palp tarsus with numerous feather-like setae. Dorsal opisthosomal setae similar to those in adults but shorter (13–20) ( Fig. 13 ). Two pairs of genital acetabula ( Fig. 14 ). Tarsus I of same proportions as in adults; tarsus I 138–170 long, 96–112 wide ( Fig. 15 ).

Larvae: Standard measurements in Table 2 . All larvae reared from eggs deposited by females in the laboratory. Colour in life red.

E. makolae E. pesici (n=9) ......continued on the next page Gnathosoma ( Fig. 16 ). Movable gnathosoma with anterior ring-like sclerite (stephanostome) bearing about 20–25 teeth. Setae bs in shape of stout calyx, distally seven finger-like extensions. Cheliceral blade short and slightly curved. Lateral of ring sclerite with one pair of adoral setae. Palpal femur and genu with one small spinelike seta each. Tibia with three nude setae: one long, one very short, one spine-like. Palpal tibial claw bifid. Palpal tarsus with one solenidion, one eupathidium, two very long and three very short nude setae. f Pp formula:0-N-N- NNN2-NNNNNωζ

Idiosoma dorsum ( Fig. 17 ). Scutum pentagonal; lateral borders slightly concave near S bases, slightly convex at posterior border and bent anterolaterally (stolascutum). Smooth up to AM bases and whole remaining part striate and punctate. The surface of scutum bears three pairs nonsensillary setae and one pair sensillary setae. AM seta smooth, AL and PL setae similar to each other and barbed. S seta filiform and with two barbs at middle. Two pairs of eyes that include double lens, situated at level between S and PL setae; surface of eye plates, between eye lenses, striate. Anterior lens larger than posterior one. Scutellum triangular and slightly convex at mid-anterior border, with striations and punctations similar to that on scutum, bears one pair of barbed c1 setae. All dorsal setae situated on plates or platelets (the largest c2 and d1 plates) barbed and arranged in five rows. f D formula: 6-6-6-6-4 (c1-c3, d1- 3, e1-3, f1-3, h1-2).

Idiosoma ventrum ( Fig. 18 ). Claparéde’s organs laterally between coxae I and coxae II. ƒCx formula: BB-B-B. Coxa I with barbed 1a and 1b setae with setules. Coxa II and coxa III respectively with seta 2b and seta 3b with setules. One pair of nude intercoxal setae 3a placed in between coxal plates III. Posteriorly following four barbed setae situated on plates anterior and lateral to anal opening. ƒV formula: 2u-2. Ventral setae slightly thinner than dorsal setae. Anal opening without sclerite.

Legs. ( Figs. 19–24 )). Legs segmentation formula: 6-6-6. Legs setal formula: [I] Tr (1B) – Fe (5B, 1N) – Ge (4B, 2σ, 1κ) – Ti (6B, 2φ, 1κ) – Ta (17B, 2ζ, 1ω, 1ε); [II] Tr (1B) – Fe (4B, 1N) – Ge (2B, 1σ) – Ti (5B, 2φ) – Ta (13 B, 1ω, 1ε,1 ζ); [III] Tr (1B) – Fe (3B, 1N) – Ge (2B, 1σ) – Ti (5B) – Ta (12B). Tarsus I and tarsus II terminated with two falciform claws; Ta III terminated two falciform claws and a slender claw-like empodium.

Etymology. This species is named in honor of Prof. Dr. Joanna Mąkol (Department of Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology, Wroclaw University, Poland) for her great and valuable contributions to Acarology.

Type material. Holotype female collected in Köse mountain, Gümüşhane Province, Turkey (40°14'921 N, 38°39'846 E, 1700 m a.s.l., 0 9.05.2012, leg. H.H. Özbek). Paratypes: same data as for holotype. Larvae obtained from holotype females by experimental rearing. The type material and other specimens were deposited in Acarology Laboratory of Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey.

Distribution. Turkey.

Biology. Oviposition took place under laboratory conditions, at the beginning of May, nine days after collecting the females in the field. The eggs were laid in clutches. The prelarvae appeared 12 days after oviposition, and the larvae after the next 18 days. Altogether, two females oviposited and 10– 16 larvae were obtained from each. The total time between oviposition and emergence of larvae was 22 days.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 8. Empitrombium makolae sp. nov., female (holotype). 1. general view, in transparency, setae omitted. 2. Palp, medial aspect, setae omitted. 3. Palp tibia and tarsus, medial aspect. 4. Palp tibia and tarsus, lateral aspect. 5. Crista metopica region. 6. Dorsal opisthosomal setae (pDS). 7. Genital opening. 8. Genu, tibia and tarsus I, setae omitted.

FIGURES 9 – 15. Empitrombium makolae sp. nov., male and deutonymph. 9. Male, crista metopica region. (10 – 15) Deutonymph. 10. Crista metopica region. 11. Palp tibia and tarsus, medial aspect. 12. Palp tibia and tarsus, lateral aspect. 13. Dorsal opisthosomal setae. 14. Genital opening. 15. Leg I, omitted setae.

FIGURES 16 – 18. Empitrombium makolae sp. nov. larvae. 16. Gnathosoma. 17. İdiosoma (dorsum). 18. İdiosoma (ventrum).

FIGURES 19 – 24. Empitrombium makolae sp. nov. larvae. 19. Leg I (trochanter-genu). 20. Leg I (tibia and tarsus). 21. Leg II (trochanter-genu). 22. Leg II (tibia and tarsus). 23. Leg III (trochanter-genu). 24. Leg III (tibia and tarsus).

Tables

TABLE 1. Morphometric data for postlarval forms of Empitrombium makolae sp. nov.

Character	Holotype	Female (n=4) min – max	Male (n=8) min – max	Deutonymph (n=5) min – max
LB	1805	1315–2100	1300–1880	1007–1300
WB LB/WB Ch BS (L) Ch BS (W)	1285 1,4 223 95	934–1350 1.4–1.5 177–222 73–90.	850–1195 1.5 115–183 70–87	665–920 1.4–1.6 112–145 50–58
Ch Cl PaTr (L)	73 117	58.2–76 95–124	40–62 59–67	36–56 32–42
PaTr (W) PaFe (L) PaFe (W)	95 244 179	91–97 170–253 165–189	61–66 102–178 111–127	48–59 100–118 81–103

TABLE 2. Morphometric data on larvae of E. makolae sp. nov. and E. pesici.

Character	Holotype	N	Min.–max.	Min.–max.
L	336	10	323–387	240–272
W	182	10	185–230	124–158
L/W	1.84	10	1.46–1.89	1.67–2.52
AA	40	10	37–44	37–50
AW	83	10	84–90	49–81
PW	84	10	86–100	72–84
SB	54	10	53–59	46–52
ASB	99.2	10	85–102	84–94
PSB	29	10	26–32	26–35
AP	37	10	33–38	32–40
AM	43	8	43–54	37–50
AL	55	10	52–59.3	52–62
PL	52	10	51–58	50–62
S	65	3	62–69	64–67
MA	57	10	48–61	50–59
HS	45	10	43–62	43–52
LSS	95	10	94–113	60–91
DS MİN.	52	10	44–58	37–70