Cyparium pici, von Groll & Lopes-Andrade, 2022

Groll, Elisa Von & Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano, 2022, Contributions to the taxonomy of Neotropical Cyparium Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scaphidiinae), with the description of five new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 835 (1), pp. 1-97 : 56-67

Cyparium pici sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7BE94FA9-A727-4779-B8FE-975D5C178ABC

Figs 5 , 38–46 ; Supp. file 1E

Diagnosis

TL: 3.35–4.20 mm in males and 4.20–4.35 mm in females. Black. Antennae entirely yellow; club lighter ( Fig. 38A ). Anterior region of elytra reddish brown ( Fig. 38A ). Hypomeron and mesanepisternum with close strigulate microsculpture. Metaventrite smooth; coarsely punctate above intercoxal plates ( Fig. 38B, E ). Ventrites 1–5 densely and coarsely punctate ( Fig. 43C ). Aedeagus strongly sclerotized, apex short; parameres short ( Fig. 44A–B ). Sclerites of internal sac strong ( Fig. 44D–E ). Distal gonocoxites short, straight and thick ( Fig. 45E ).

Etymology

In homage to Maurice Pic (1866–1957), who was responsible for gathering many specimens of scaphidiines deposited in museums, especially in the MNHN.

Material examined

Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; Mato Grosso, Cotriguaçu, Faz. São Nicolau, matinha do Fernando [Fernando’s woods]; 09°50′19″ S, 58°15′15″ W; FIT; 3 Nov. 2017; Vaz-de-Mello et al. leg.; “\\ Cyparium pici von Groll & Lopes-Andrade HOLOTYPUS ” [red paper]; CEMT (Supp. file 1E).

Paratypes BRAZIL • 8 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀ (1 ♂ entirely dissected, preserved in glycerin); same collection data as for holotype; CEMT • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, entirely dissected, preserved in glycerin; 1 ♀, abdomen dissected, preserved in glycerin); same collection data as for holotype; CELC .

All paratypes additionally labelled “ Cyparium pici von Groll & Lopes-Andrade PARATYPUS [yellow paper]”.

Description

MEASUREMENTS (in mm). TL 3.45, PL 1.30, PA 1.12, PB 2.15, EW 1.42, EL 2.71, IS 0.28, HW 0.93.

COLORATION. Black ( Fig. 38A–C ). Frons dark brown; clypeus light brown; mouth parts and antennae yellow, club lighter ( Fig. 39A ). Anterior region of elytra reddish brown ( Fig. 38A ); epipleuron dark ochre. Femora dark brown; tibiae lighter; tarsi yellow ( Fig. 38B ). Tergite VIII and ventrite 6 yellowish ( Fig. 38B ). Variation: (1) entirely light brown ( Fig. 38D ); (2) entirely dark brown with antennae, tarsi and tergite VIII yellow ( Fig. 38E–F ).

HEAD. Punctation dense, coarse ( Fig. 39A ). Eyes slightly wider than head, rounded ( Fig. 39A ). Labrum rectangular, lateral margins sub-straight, and well distinct from apical margin; central margin slightly curved centrally; sclerotized portion reaching apex; lateral setae slightly extending beyond margins; porose centrally ( Fig. 39D ). Left mandible slightly curved and right mandible more curved; subapical serrations on left mandible conspicuous ( Fig. 39E–F ). Maxillary palps elongated, palpomeres slender anteriorly; lacinia strongly robust, short and densely pubescent ( Fig. 39G ). Mentum with lateral areas strongly rounded and apex well delimited ( Fig. 40A ). Glossa heart-shaped ( Fig. 40A ). Setae of labial palpomere II slightly exceeding palpomere III; palpomere III longish, with short apical setae ( Fig. 40A ). Hypopharynx with wide and triangular sclerotized plate ( Fig. 40B ). Post gena microsculptured with very close transversal lines; densely porose, except at region of gula; gula triangular and narrow ( Fig. 40C ). Antennal club distinct; antennomere XI hexagonal, apex more or less acuminated, regardless of sex ( Fig. 39B–C ).

PROTHORAX. Pronotum smooth; punctuation dense, fine; pubescence short, fine ( Fig. 40D ); transverse, rounded laterally, forming a small obtuse angle at lateral areas of posterior margin ( Fig. 40E ). Hypomeron with close strigulate microsculpture. Notosternal suture straight ( Fig. 40F ). Profurca elongated, only reaching half length of foramen ( Fig. 40G ). Prosternal process short and round ( Fig. 41A ).

MESOTHORAX.Mesonotum with prescutellar suture(= scutellar lines, Leschen&Löbl2005)wavy( Fig.41B ). Scutellum rounded posteriorly ( Fig. 41B ). Anterior phragma straight ( Fig. 41C ). Mesanepisternum with strigulate microsculpture. Procoxal rests triangular; slightly wavy posteriorly ( Fig. 41D ). Mesoventral and median lines strongly wavy; area between median and mesoventral lines enlarged ( Fig. 41D ). Process of metaventrite moderately long; apex more prominent, forming a ridge ( Fig. 41E ).

METATHORAX. Metanotum with alacrista triangular, small anteriorly and turned to posterior end; scutoscutellar suture not strongly wavy; median membranous area narrow and long ( Fig. 41F ). Metaventrite smooth; punctuation sparse, fine; coarsely punctate above intercoxal plates ( Figs 38B, E , 41D ). Mesocoxal line forming a smooth angle between coxal cavities; finely punctate under coxal cavities ( Fig. 41D ). Metanepisternum and metepimeron with imbricate microsculpture. Intercoxal plates smooth. Metendosternite with arms slightly curved; ‘stalk ridge’ reaching half length of stalk ( Fig. 42A ); ventral longitudinal flange curved in lateral view ( Fig. 42B ).

WINGS. Elytra slightly wider than longer; covering just until tergite V ( Fig. 38A, D ); each elytron subrectangular ( Fig. 42C ); basal ( Fig. 40D ) and sutural lines dashed; adsutural area with a row of setae; six rows of coarse punctures (not including sutural line) ( Figs 38A, D , 42C ); lateral line punctate; apical coarse punctation moderately sparse; apical serrations almost inconspicuous ( Fig. 42D ); pubescence short and fine. Epipleuron with a row of sparse and coarse punctures. Hind wings fully developed ( Fig. 42E ).

LEGS. Pro-, meso- and metacoxae, and femora with strigulate microsculpture. Pro- and mesofemora fusiform ( Fig. 42F–G ); punctuation sparse, coarse; metafemora longish, punctuation sparse, shallow ( Fig. 42H ). Mesotibiae densely spinose, spines thick ( Fig. 42G ); metatibiae sparsely spinose, spines fine ( Fig. 42H ).

ABDOMEN. Tergites VI–VIII with narrow imbricate microsculpture; punctures dense, coarse; pubescence sparse, coarse ( Fig. 43A ). Ventrites 1–5 densely and coarsely punctate; pubescence moderately sparse, fine; close strigulate microsculpture ( Fig. 43B–C ). Metacoxal lines finely punctate.

Males

MEASUREMENTS (n = 1, paratype; in mm). Antennomeres (length(width)): 0.24(0.08), 0.14(0.07), 0.14(0.06), 0.11(0.06), 0.11(0.07), 0.08(0.09), 0.13(0.16), 0.12(0.18), 0.11(0.19), 0.11(0.20), 0.20(0.22); (n = 10, including the holotype, unless otherwise specified; in mm): TL 3.35–4.20 (mean = 3.75, standard deviation ± 0.32), PL 1.30–1.64 (1.45 ± 0.13), PA 1.07–1.32 (1.16 ± 0.07), PB 2.15–2.62 (2.36 ± 0.17), SL (n = 8) 0.13–0.23 (0.17 ± 0.03), SW (n = 8) 0.13–0.23 (0.18 ± 0.03), EI 1.85–2.28 (2.06 ± 0.15), EL (n = 9) 2.37–2.75 (2.60 ± 0.13), EW 1.37–1.65 (1.49 ± 0.08), EH 0.75–1.15 (0.96 ± 0.11), HW (n = 9) 0.91–1.08 (0.99 ± 0.06), IS (n = 9) 0.26–0.31 (0.28 ± 0.02), WA (n = 9) 0.21–0.30 (0.24 ± 0.03), MC 0.93–1.10 (1.03 ± 0.05), MB 0.37–0.50 (0.45 ± 0.04), VL 0.62–0.78 (0.70 ± 0.04).

Pro- and mesotarsomeres I–III enlarged, with tenet setae ( Fig. 42F–G ). Tergite VIII trapezoidal, straight posteriorly; triangular in some dry paratypes ( Fig. 43D ). Tergite IX with laterally curved ventral struts ( Fig. 43E–F ). Sternite VIII sub-rectangular, with a smooth projection ( Fig. 43G ). Sternite IX thick ( Fig. 43F ). Aedeagus strongly sclerotized, apex of median lobe short; openings in dorsal view moderately narrow, forming an acute angle, almost right ( Fig. 44A–C ); internal sac with strong and robust irregular sclerites ( Fig. 44D–E ), parameres short ( Fig. 44A ).

Females MEASUREMENTS (n =1, paratype; in mm).Antennomeres (length(width)):0.25(0.09), 0.15(0.07), 0.15(0.06), 0.11(0.07), 0.10(0.08), 0.08(0.09), 0.13(0.15), 0.13(0.20), 0.11(0.22), 0.11(0.24), 0.19(0.26); (n = 6, paratypes; in mm): TL 4.20–4.35 (mean = 4.26, standard deviation ± 0.06), PL 1.38–1.70 (1.62 ± 0.12),

PA 1.22–1.35 (1.28 ± 0.05), PB 2.56–2.68 (2.62 ± 0.05), SL 0.15–0.25 (0.21 ± 0.03), SW 0.19–0.25 (0.22 ± 0.02), EI 2.25–2.47 (2.34 ± 0.10), EL 2.71–2.96 (2.79 ± 0.09), EW 1.62–1.80 (1.72 ± 0.06), EH 1.00–1.20 (1.10 ± 0.07), HW 1.05–1.15 (1.08 ± 0.03), IS 0.28–0.33 (0.31 ± 0.02), WA 0.22–0.28 (0.25 ± 0.02), MC 1.18–1.34 (1.26 ± 0.05), MB 0.56–0.62 (0.59 ± 0.03), VL 0.75–0.93 (0.85 ± 0.06).

Tergite VIII hexagonal( Fig.45A ), trapezoidal in dry specimens.Sternite VIII rectangular with a projection ( Fig. 45B ). Vagina and bursa copulatrix membranous; vagina without sclerites; bursa copulatrix with irregular sclerites ( Fig. 45C ). Vaginal plate with an apical M-shaped sclerite ( Fig. 45D ). Spermatheca not detected. Distal gonocoxites short, straight and thick; gonostyli somewhat thick, parallel ( Fig. 45C–E ).

Remarks

Similar in body length to Cyparium rufohumerale , but differs in the yellowish antennae (bicolored in C. rufohumerale ) and in the comparatively larger reddish brown mark on the elytra (only at the humeral region in C. rufohumerale ). Also similar to C. humerale in body length and the entirely yellow antennae, but differs in the non-triangular mark on the elytra and in the shorter elytra.

Distribution

Known only from Cotriguaçu, Faz. São Nicolau (09°50′19″ S, 58°15′15″ W), state of Mato Grosso, Midwest, Brazil ( Fig. 46 ).

Figures

Fig. 5. Cyparium Erichson, 1845. Neotropical species. Illustrations based on the original descriptions. *Illustrations made based on photographs, specimens, or illustrations made by other authors. Model: Cyparium collare Pic, 1920. Scale bar = 2 mm.

Fig. 38. Cyparium pici sp. nov. A–C. Holotype, ♂ (CEMT). A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C. Lateral view. D. Paratype, ♀ (CEMT), dorsal view. E–F. Paratype, ♂ (CEMT). E. Dorsal view. F. Lateral view. Specimens collected at Cotriguaçu (MT, Brazil). Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

Fig. 39. Cyparium pici sp. nov.A. Holotype, ♂ (CEMT), frontal view. B–G. Paratypes (CELC). B. Male, antenna. C. Female antenna. D. Labrum. E. Left mandible. F. Right mandible. G. Maxilla. Specimens collected at Cotriguaçu (MT, Brazil). Scale bars: A–C = 0.2 mm; D–G = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 40. Cyparium pici sp. nov. A–C. Paratype, ♂ (CELC). A. Labium. B. Hypopharynx. C. Head, ventral view. D. Holotype, ♂ (CEMT), pronotum, dorsal view. E. Paratype, ♂ (CEMT), pronotum, dorsal view. F–G. Paratype, ♂ (CELC), prothorax. F. Ventral view. G. Inner view. Specimens collected at Cotriguaçu (MT, Brazil). Scale bars: A–B = 0.1 mm; C = 0.2 mm; D–G = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 41. Cyparium pici sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (CELC). A. Prothorax, lateral view. B–C. Scutellar plate. B. Dorsal view. C. Apically slanted view. D–E. Meso- and metathorax. D. Ventral view. E. Lateral view. F. Metanotum. Specimen collected at Cotriguaçu (MT, Brazil). Scale bars: A, D–F = 0.5 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 42. Cyparium pici sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (CELC). A–B. Metendosternite. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C–D. Elytron. C. Entire. D. Apex. E. Hind wing. F–H. Legs. F. Fore. G. Middle. H. Hind. Specimen collected at Cotriguaçu (MT, Brazil). Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 43. Cyparium pici sp. nov. A, C. Holotype, ♂ (CEMT). A. Abdomen, dorsal view. B. Paratype, ♂ (CEMT), abdomen, ventral view.C. Ventrite 1.D–G. Paratype, ♂ (CELC). D. Tergite VIII.E. Terminalia. F. Tergite IX. G. Sternite VIII. Specimens collected at Cotriguaçu (MT, Brazil). Scale bars: A–B = 0.5 mm; C–G = 0.1.

Fig. 44. Cyparium pici sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (CELC). A–C. Aedeagus. A. Lateral view. B. Frontal view. C. Dorsal view. D–E. Internal sac. D. Frontal view. E. Dorsal view. Specimen collected at Cotriguaçu (MT, Brazil). Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 45. Cyparium pici sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (CELC). A. Tergite VIII. B. Sternite VIII. C. Terminalia. D. Sclerite of vaginal plate. E. Ovipositor. Specimen collected at Cotriguaçu (MT, Brazil). Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 46. A. Distribution map of species of Cyparium Erichson, 1845, South America. B. Mata da Biologia. C. Mata do Paraíso.