Phallus rigidiindusiatus T. Li, T.H. Li & W.Q. Deng, 2021

Li, Ting, Deng, Wang-Qiu, Song, Bin, Zhang, Ming, Wang, Mu & Li, Tai-Hui, 2021, Two new species of Phallus (Phallaceae) with a white indusium from China, MycoKeys 85, pp. 109-125 : 109

Phallus rigidiindusiatus T. Li, T.H. Li & W.Q. Deng sp. nov.

Figures 4 , 5d-f

Diagnosis.

Characterized by a well-developed indusium with thick meshes, morphologically similar to Phallus serratus , but different in its rigid, round or irregular meshes of indusium without serrated margin, and in smaller basidiospores.

Holotype. China. Guangdong Province, Jiangmen City, Yunkaishan National Nature Reserve. (22°17'57"N, 111°12'37"E, alt. 1350 m), Song Bin and Wen Huashu,10 June 2020 (GDGM 81196).

Immature basidioma globose to subglobose, 55-65 × 50-57 mm, white (1A1), slightly yellowish white (4A2) to orange white (7A2) or pinkish white (10A2), partially darker to grayish brown (7D3), smooth, attached to substrate by grayish violet (17D5-7) rhizomorphs. Exoperidium membranous; endoperidium gelatinous, hyaline. Expanded basidioma big-sized, 220-240 mm high when fresh. Receptacle 40-50 mm high, 50-60 mm broad, campanulate to subconical, white (1A1) to yellowish white (3A2), reticulated with irregularly ridges up to 4.5 mm deep, covered with gleba; apex truncate, perforated, or with a white spongy expansion up to 8 mm high, 10 mm in diam. Gleba yellowish brown to linoleum brown (5E5-7), mucilaginous. Pseudostipe subcylindrical, constricted at apex, enlarged toward base, white (1A1), spongiform, hollow, 170-190 mm high, 15-20/28-35/35-40 mm broad (apex/middle/base); pseudostipe wall 5-9 mm thick, usually consisting of small irregular chambers in 1-3 mm width. Volva obovate, 55-65 mm high, 50-60 mm broad, smooth, brownish orange (7C6) to light brown (7D8). Indusium well-developed, expanded to 3/4-5/6 portion of pseudostipe, white, up to 170 mm in length, attached to apex of pseudostipe, with rigid polygonal to irregular meshes becoming gradually smaller from top to bottom, margin entire; meshes usually not serrated at margin, 5-20 mm wide, up to 7 mm thick. Rhizomorphs simple, grayish orange (6C5) to brown (7E4), up to 3 mm thick, 4 cm long. Odour foetid (mainly from gleba). Taste mild.

Basidiospores (3.5-)3.7-4.2(-4.5) × 1.6-2.0(-2.3) μm, Q= (1.7-)2.1-2.4 (-2.6), Qm= 2.3 ± 0.2, cylindrical to long ellipsoid, hyaline and light olivaceous in H2O and 5% KOH solution, inamyloid, thin-walled, smooth, truncate at one end under light microscope. Hyphae of receptacle, pseudostipe and indusium hyaline, thin-walled, pseudoparenchymatic, consisting of globose to subglobose or irregularly globose structures, up to 25 μm in diam. Hyphae of volva tubular and branched, 3-5 μm in diam., thin-walled, smooth, septate, with clamp-connections. Hyphae of rhizomorphs filamentous, up to 6.0 μm in diam., thin-walled, smooth, septate, rarely branched.

Habitat and distribution.

Solitary or scattered on soil with decaying litter in forests dominated by broad-leaved trees and bamboo groves. So far known only from southern China and southwestern China (Guizhou). Season: May to June.

Etymology.

With reference to the rigid indusium.

Additional specimens examined.

China. Hunan Province, Rucheng County, Jiulongjiang National Forest Park (25°26'49"N, 113°48'10"E, alt. 555 m), Huang Hao, 7 May 2015 (GDGM 54237) ; Guizhou Province, Duyun County, Doupengshan scenic place (26°21'17"N, 107°22'49"E, alt. 1300 m), Deng Chunying, 16 May 2020 (Dcy 2517) ; Guangdong Province, Shaoguan City, Nanling National Nature Reserve (24°49'54"N, 113°7'22"E, alt. 994 m), Song Bin and Xie Dechun, 27 May 2021 (GDGM 85470) ; Guangdong Province, Jiangmen City, Yunkaishan National Nature Reserve . (22°15'22"N, 111°9'23"E, alt. 1480 m), Song Bin and Wen Huashu, 10 June 2020 (GDGM 81179) ; Guangdong Province, Jiangmen City, Yunkaishan National Nature Reserve . (22°17'58"N, 111°12'36"E, alt. 1420 m), Song Bin and Wen Huashu, 10 June 2020 (GDGM 81195) .

Figures

Figure 4. Basidiomata of Phallus rigidiindusiatus. a GDGM 54237 b GDGM 85470 c, e, f GDGM 81196 d 81195. Scale bars: 5 cm (a-c), 3 cm (d), 2 cm (e), 1 cm (f).

Figure 5. Characteristics of Phallus cremeo - Phallus ochraceus a-c and Phallus rigidiindusiatus d-e under the light microscope. a, d basidiospores b, e pseudoparenchymatous hyphae from pseudostipe c, f hyphae from volva. Scale bars 5 µm (a-f).