Austrocardiophorus, Douglas, Hume B., 2017

Douglas, Hume B., 2017, World reclassification of the Cardiophorinae (Coleoptera, Elateridae), based on phylogenetic analyses of morphological characters, ZooKeys 655, pp. 1-130 : 26

Austrocardiophorus gen. n. Figs 155-157

Type species.

Cardiophorus humeralis Fairmaire & Germain, 1860

Diagnosis.

Prothorax. Pronotum with carina along lateral edge visible in dorsal view, not reaching anterior edge; procoxal cavities closed. Pterothorax. Scutellum with anterior edge broadly concave. Legs. Tarsi non-lobed and tarsal claws with one apex per side.

Description.

Length 3-10 mm. Integument black, brown, or red, some with white, yellow or red markings on elytra or contrasting pronotum and elytra. Head: Antennal sensory elements beginning on antennomere 4; mandibles with apices bidentate or tridentate on each side. Labrum evenly convex; area between antennal fossa and compound eye unsculptured, or with carina connecting them. Frons with supra-antennal carina forked near juncture with compound eye (Fig. 4); frons with supra-orbital groove present (Fig. 1). Prothorax: Pronotum with punctures circular; sublateral incisions present, carinae present in some; posterior edge of pronotum with 3 low apices mesally; hind angles with a single carina reaching to near midlength, it is unknown whether this is the hind angle carina or the lateral carina, single carina not situated ventrad of lateral edge of pronotum; hind angles not truncate dorsally; hypomeral hind edge rectangularly emarginate (Fig. 3) immediately meso-ventrad of hind angles; procoxal cavities closed. Prosternum with sides concave in ventral view; anterior prosternal lobe covering labium; prosternal process not curved dorsad (less than 30°), ventral surface carinate laterally, or not. Mesothorax: Scutellum with anterior edge weakly concave, posterior apex rounded to pointed (Figs 7, 8). Mesosternum with anterior edges weakly concave lateral to mesosternal cavity in lateral view; mesosternal cavity with lateral edges sinuate anterad of mesocoxae. Elytral intervals not costate. Hind wings, notched in anal area. Legs: Tarsi without apically extending lobes or pads; tarsal claws each with 1 apex; metacoxal plate covers 1/2-2/3 of metatrochanter with legs withdrawn. Male genitalia: Abdominal segment 9 with tergite and sternites articulated at sides; parameres without apicolateral or apicomedial expansions, apices not forked, sides with 2 setae; aedeagus with basal struts approximately 1 times median lobe length, median lobe simple, tapered. Female genitalia: Ovipositor with baculae present; coxites flexible. Bursa copulatrix with colleterial glands indiscernible; without sclerotised spermathecae; bilobed spine-bearing sclerites present (Fig. 156); spermathecal gland duct without row of diverticulae, base not sclerotised; anterior end of bursa with 2 pedunculate sacs sharing common attachment to bursa.

Etymology.

Masculine. Named for a genus of Cardiophorinae known only from the southern hemisphere.

Discussion.

Please see text of discussion above for argumentation for new genus. No unique synapomorphies of this genus were identified. Known from Chile and Australia, 58 spp.

All Australian species are transferred from Paracardiophorus to Austrocardiophorus as: Austrocardiophorus alternatus Carter, 1939, Austrocardiophorus amabilis Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus antennalis Schwarz, 1907; Austrocardiophorus assimilis Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus atronotatus Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus attenuatipennis Elston, 1930; Austrocardiophorus australis ( Candèze, 1860, Horistonotus ); Austrocardiophorus bicolor ( Candèze, 1878, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus carissimus Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus compactus ( Candèze, 1882, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus consobrinus ( Candèze, 1878, Horistonotus ); Austrocardiophorus consputus ( Candèze, 1878, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus cooki Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus despectus ( Candèze, 1882, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus dimidiatus Schwarz, 1902; Austrocardiophorus dissimilis Schwarz, 1903; Austrocardiophorus divisus ( Candèze, 1865, Horistonotus ); Austrocardiophorus dulcis Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus elevatus (Van Zwaluwenburg, 1947, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus elisus ( Candèze, 1865, Horistonotus ); Austrocardiophorus eucalypti (Blackburn, 1892, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus flavipennis ( Candèze, 1878, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus flavopictus (Carter, 1939, Hypnoidus ); Austrocardiophorus fulvosignatus ( Candèze, 1878, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus hamatus ( Candèze, 1878, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus humilis ( Candèze, 1865, Horistonotus ); Austrocardiophorus jugulus Elston, 1930; Austrocardiophorus lenis ( Candèze, 1865, Horistonotus ); Austrocardiophorus litoralis Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus longicornis ( Candèze, 1878, Horistonotus ); Austrocardiophorus macleayi (Schwarz, 1907, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus malkini (Van Zwaluwenburg, 1947, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus mastersii (Macleay, 1872, Elater ); Austrocardiophorus minimus ( Candèze, 1878, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus mjobergi Elston, 1930; Austrocardiophorus moseri Schwarz, 1902; Austrocardiophorus nigrosuffusus Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus occidentalis Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus octavus ( Candèze, 1878, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus octosignatus Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus pallidipennis ( Candèze, 1878, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus quadripunctatus (Blanchard, 1853, Agriotes ); Austrocardiophorus quadristellatus Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus rufopictus Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus sexnotatus Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus stellatus Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus subcruciatus Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus subfasciatus Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus tumidithorax (Schwarz, 1907, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus vagus Schwarz, 1907; Austrocardiophorus varians Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus variegatus Schwarz, 1902; Austrocardiophorus venustus ( Candèze, 1860, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus victoriensis (Blackburn, 1892, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus vittipennis Carter, 1939; Austrocardiophorus xanthomus ( Candèze, 1865, Horistonotus ). The following Chilean species (all) are also transferred from Paracardiophorus to Austrocardiophorus : Paracardiophorus delfini (Fleutiaux, 1907, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus elegans (Solier, 1851, Cardiophorus ); Austrocardiophorus humeralis (Fairmaire & Germain, 1860, Cardiophorus ).