Xulavuna krenakore Oya & Tavares, 2024

Oya, Beatriz Harumi Kondo, Santos, Luiz Augusto Padilha, Fernandes, José Antônio Marin & Tavares, Gustavo Costa, 2024, Contributions to Odontogryllini (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Landrevinae) with comments on its taxonomic status and description of a new species of Xulavuna de Mello & Campos, 2014, Zootaxa 5424 (2), pp. 203-213 : 206-212

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5424.2.4
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B645DCA2-9B0E-42CE-9A88-33D52BB9FDCA
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10834831
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/08BE40B1-9963-4D74-9027-9FDDD795BF9F
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:08BE40B1-9963-4D74-9027-9FDDD795BF9F
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Xulavuna krenakore Oya & Tavares
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Xulavuna krenakore Oya & Tavares sp. nov.

Figs. 1–5 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 ; Map 1 View MAP 1

http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:08BE40B1-9963-4D74-9027-9FDDD795BF9F

Type material. Holotype. Male. BRAZIL, Pará, Novo Progresso; Serra do Cachimbo, Campo de Provas Brigadeiro Veloso , Ponto 1 – Mata Torre 2; 09°16’49”S, 54°56’32”W; 07–17.IX.2003; Pitfall. The phallic complex was removed but kept in a microvial with the specimen. Repository: MPEG. GoogleMaps

Paratypes. 16 males and 38 females. Same data as the holotype. Repository: MPEG GoogleMaps .

Etymology. The species is named after the indigenous community that originally lived in the region where this species was collected, the Krenakore, also known as the Panará people or the giant indigenous people. The name is a word from the Brazilian indigenous linguist branch named “Jê.”

Diagnosis. This species is easily distinguishable from X. adenoptera by the longer male tegmina (longer than wide), with larger and thicker dorsal field with no noticeable veins, a conspicuous invagination followed by a prominent bump on the gland opening, lateral field with only 3–4 longitudinal veins ( Figs. 1B, E–F View FIGURE 1 ; 2H–K View FIGURE 2 ); male subgenital plate posterior margin straight ( Fig. 3G View FIGURE 3 ); presence of metanotal gland; male genitalia more compact; Ps.S shorter, almost squared in dorsal and ventral views, not bilobed, nor laterally enlarged or posteriorly projected, with a mediodorsal U-like notch; Ps.P2 well-developed, with dorsal lobe large, rounded, and setulose, produced laterally (surpassing the Ps.S) and posteriorly, and ventral lobe long, finger-like and produced posteriorly (surpassing the Ps.P2 dorsal lobe and Ps.P1); Ps.P1 well-developed, bilobed, especially the large and outward-curved ventral lobe; Ect.A thick ( Figs. 3A–D View FIGURE 3 ). Female micropterous, with a scale-like tegmina almost inconspicuous ( Figs. 4A–C View FIGURE 4 ) and copulatory papilla with a large ventral circular opening ( Figs. 5A–B View FIGURE 5 ). In contrast, X. adenoptera has shorter tegmina (almost as long as wide), with a very reduced dorsal field bearing four veins and no bump on the gland opening, and a lateral field with 8–9 incurved and thick veins; male subgenital plate posterior margin concave; metanotal gland absent; male genitalia longer; Ps.S more elongated in dorsal and ventral views, laterally and posteriorly projected, with no mediodorsal notch; Ps.P2 smaller, with small dorsal lobe, not surpassing the Ps.S laterally, and ventral lobe smaller, not surpassing the Ps.P2 and Ps.P1; Ps.P1 small, bilobed, thin, and curved; Ect.A slim. Female completely apterous; copulatory papilla semi-circular, with a conspicuous lobe-shaped posterior margin and no central opening ventrally.

Description. Head orthognathous, dorsum slightly flattened in lateral view ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ), with a reddish-brown or orangish-brown color similar to the pronotum ( Figs. 1C, E–F View FIGURE 1 ), dorsally darker ( Figs. 1C, E View FIGURE 1 ), but sometimes with lighter spots near the occiput ( Fig. 1F View FIGURE 1 ); frontal and coronal branches of the ecdisial line evident ( Fig. 1C View FIGURE 1 ); in lateral view, front swollen ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ). Eyes ovoid, outlined with lighter color ( Fig. 1A, C View FIGURE 1 ); lateral and median ocelli circular, yellowish or reddish, almost at the same level. Antennae long, reaching up to the genicular lobe of the posterior femur, with antennal pits located almost aligned to the ventral margin of eyes, dilated scapes, and pedicels slightly longer than the antennomeres; clypeus and labrum short, almost the same length, and yellowish ( Fig. 1C View FIGURE 1 ); maxillary palpi first segment shorter than the others, slightly smaller than the second; third almost as long as the fourth, both longer than the first and second combined; fifth and last segments notably longer than the others, ventrally swollen ( Fig. 2G View FIGURE 2 ); maxillary palpi predominantly reddish-brown, except for the ventral surfaces of the first segment, distal area of first and second, and the ventrodistal area of the fifth ( Fig. 2G View FIGURE 2 ). Pronotum wider than long, reddish- or orange-brown, similar to head dorsum ( Figs. 1B, E–F View FIGURE 1 ); anterior and posterior margins of pronotum with setae and macrosetae, pronotal disc pubescent, with two symmetrical triangular markings ( Figs. 1E–F View FIGURE 1 ); in dorsal view, anterior and posterior margins straight ( Figs. 1E–F View FIGURE 1 ); lateral lobes of pronotum wider than tall; anterior margin slightly convex; anteroventral angle almost straight, margin rounded; ventral margin oblique; posteroventral angle widely rounded ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ); metanotum with pubescent area, flanked by metanotal gland opening ( Fig. 1G View FIGURE 1 ); mesosternum

rectangular, metasternum broader then mesosternum, with anterior margin straight, lateral margins convex, and posterior margin narrow, medially incised ( Fig. 1D View FIGURE 1 ). Tegmina reddish-brown or yellowish, longer than wide, slightly longer than the pronotum; margins marked by a light coloration, followed by a darker contour; longitudinal veins light yellow; anal margin conspicuously swollen with a slight depression above the gland opening; glandular region pubescent, with noticeable bristles on both dorsal and ventral surfaces ( Figs. 1B, E–F View FIGURE 1 ; 2H–K View FIGURE 2 ). Abdomen brownish but lighter than the pronotum and head, relatively long, semicylindrical, and broader than the head and pronotum ( Fig. 1A–B View FIGURE 1 ); posterior margins of the second and third tergites with two dark spots, sometimes only on the third ( Fig. 1B View FIGURE 1 ); supranal plate with posterior margin widely rounded ( Fig. 3E View FIGURE 3 ); subgenital plate well elongated, noticeably longer than wide, with straight posterior margin flanked by small lobes on the dorsoposterior angle, and, in lateral view, exceeding the supranal plate ( Figs. 3E–G View FIGURE 3 ). Legs ochre, with short bristles along their length ( Figs. 2A–F View FIGURE 2 ); tympana absent ( Figs. 2A–B View FIGURE 2 ); fore tibiae with three apical spurs, mid tibiae with four. Hind femora with stripes in darker shades; dorsally, hind tibiae with mid-proximal spines, 0–2 spines on the inner margin and 3–5 on the outer, followed by four mid-distal dorsal spurs and three apical ones ( Figs. 2E–F View FIGURE 2 ); outer dorso-apical spur smaller, followed by the lower one and, finally, the mid one ( Fig. 2F View FIGURE 2 ); inner ventro-apical spur smaller, followed by the dorsal one, and mid one ( Fig. 2E View FIGURE 2 ); hind basitarsi longer than half the length of the tibia, with a row of spines and an apical spur on both margins, inner one longer than the outer one and a little smaller than the last tarsomere (figs. 2E–F). Male Genitalia. Pseudepiphallus semi-tubular; dorsoproximal margin sinuous; Ps.S short, almost squared in dorsal and ventral views, not laterally or posteriorly projected, with a mediodorsal U-like notch; Arc short and straight, just below the proximal border of U-like notch; in lateral view, Ps.S slightly curved, with accentuated concavity on the dorsal-anterior margin; pseudepiphallic parameres well-developed, both surpassing the distal margin of the Ps.S; Ps.P2 well-developed, with dorsal lobe large, rounded, and setulose, produced laterally and posteriorly; ventral lobe long, finger-like and produced posteriorly (surpassing the Ps.P2 dorsal lobe and Ps.P1), touching the opposite lobe; Ps.P1 well-developed, bilobed, especially the triangular ventral lobe with divergent curved apices; dorsal lobe shorter, with rounded apex; Ect.A long and thick, reaching half the rami; laterally, both pseudepiphallic paramere well project posteriorly, with ends of Ps.P1 and ventral lobe of Ps.P2 converging; rami enlarged and sinuous, slightly longer than the Ps.S; Ect.F triangular, also visible dorsally through the dorsal invagination of the Ps.S ( Figs. 3A–D View FIGURE 3 ).

Female. Females similar to males, usually slightly darker ( Fig. 4A–B View FIGURE 4 ); tegmina very reduced, scale-shaped, and sometimes covered by the pronotum ( Figs. 4C View FIGURE 4 ; 5D View FIGURE 5 ); supra-anal plate largely convex, projected posteriorly ( Fig. 5E View FIGURE 5 ); subgenital plate short, in ventral view, trapezoid, with posterior margin straight ( Fig. 5G View FIGURE 5 ), in lateral view, ventrally slightly convex, dorsally obliquely straight, and posteriorly convex ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 ); ovipositor almost straight (slightly downcurved since its half), dorsally excavated, longer than hind tibia, with an arrow-shaped apex ( Figs 4D–E View FIGURE 4 ); copulatory papilla, in dorsal and ventral views, compact, semi-circular, with a conspicuous lobe-shaped posterior margin, and a central opening ventrally ( Figs. 5A–B View FIGURE 5 ); in lateral view, distal half tall, with posterior margin largely convex, and proximal half flattened ( Fig. 5C View FIGURE 5 ).