Lasioglossum (Dialictus) disparile (Cresson)

Gibbs, Jason, 2011, Revision of the metallic Lasioglossum (Dialictus) of eastern North America (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Halictini), Zootaxa 3073, pp. 1-216 : 83-87

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) disparile (Cresson)

( Figures 93–97 )

Halictus disparilis Cresson, 1872: 253 . Ƥ.

Lectotype. Ƥ USA, Texas [Bosque Co.], (G.W. Belfrage); [ANSP: 21204] designated herein. Examined. Halictus albitarsis Cresson, 1872: 254 . 3. (junior secondary homonym of Hylaeus abitarsis Schenck, 1853 ) Lectotype. 3 USA, Texas [Dallas Co.], (J. Boll); [MCZ: 547] designated herein. Examined. Dialictus brassicae Mitchell, 1960: 384 . Ƥ

Holotype. Ƥ USA, North Carolina, Faison , Coastal Plain Vegetable Research Station, 25.iv.1957, on Brassica (M.H. Farrier) ; [ NCSU]. Examined.

Halictus albitarsellus Warncke, 1973: 294 (new name for H. albitarsis Cresson )

Taxonomy. Cockerell, 1907: Halictus albitarsis , p. 38 (tax. notes); Cockerell, 1937: Halictus (Chloralictus) disparilis , p. 113 (diagnosis); Michener, 1951: Lasioglossum (Chloralictus) albitarse , p. 1111, L. (C.) disparile , p. 1113 (catalogue); Krombein, 1967: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) brassicae , p. 462 (catalogue); Hurd, 1979: Dialictus albitarsis , p. 1963, D. brassicae , p. 1964, D. disparilis , p. 1966 (catalogue); Moure & Hurd, 1987: Dialictus albitarsis , p. 89, D. brassicae , p. 92, D. disparilis , p. 99 (catalogue); Gibbs (2010a): Lasioglossum (Dialictus) disparile , p. 92 (tax. notes, synonymy); Gibbs, 2010b: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) disparile , p. 109 (tax. notes).

Diagnosis. Female L. disparile can be distinguished from all other North American Dialictus by the diagnostic hair pattern on the declivitous surface of T1 ( Fig. 14 A). The acarinarial fan lacks a dorsal opening and is separated from a dorsal transverse band of appressed hairs by a transverse glabrous area. They are similar to L. albipenne which lack the dorsal band of appressed hairs ( Fig. 14 B).

Male L. disparile can be recognised by the following diagnostic combination: a strong genal tubercle ( Fig. 95 A) and distinct mesepisternal punctures. Males also have elongate heads (length/width ratio = 1.08–1.13), clypeus brownish yellow distally ( Fig. 95 B), tarsi brownish yellow, and T2 apical impressed area impunctate.

Redescription. FEMALE. Length 5.26–6.17 mm; head length 1.61 mm; head width 1.49–1.68 mm; forewing length 3.87–4.42 mm.

Colouration. Head and mesosoma bluish green to golden green. Clypeus with apical half blackish brown. Antenna dark brown, flagellum with ventral surface reddish brown to brownish yellow. Tegula amber. Wing membrane subhyaline, venation and pterostigma brownish yellow. Legs brown, except medio- and distitarsi reddish brown. Metasomal terga brown with faint metallic reflections, apical impressed areas pale brownish yellow.

Pubescence. Dull white. Relatively dense. Head and mesosoma with moderately dense woolly hairs (1–2 OD), longest on genal beard, metanotum, and mesopleuron (2–2.5 OD). Paraocular area and gena with moderately sparse subappressed tomentum. Propodeum with plumose hairs on lateral and posterior surfaces (2–2.5 OD). Metasoma with dense, fine hairs. T1 acarinarial fan large, complete, without dorsal opening, anterior dorsal margin with transverse band of appressed hairs.. T2 basolaterally and T3–T4 partially obscured by appressed tomentum. T2 apicolateral and T3–T4 apical margins with dense apical fringes.

Surface sculpture. Face polished, punctation coarse. Clypeus with punctation moderately sparse (i=1–2.5d). Supraclypeal area with punctation moderately sparse (i=1–2d). Lower paraocular area and antennocular area with punctation dense (i=0.5–1.5d). Upper paraocular area and frons reticulate-punctate. Ocellocular area punctate (i≤d). Gena and postgena weakly carinulate. Mesoscutum polished, weakly imbricate medially, punctation coarse, moderately sparse between parapsidal lines (i=1–1.5d), closer laterad of parapsidal line (i≤d), contiguous on anterolateral portion. Mesoscutellum similar to mesoscutum, submedial punctation sparse (i=1–4d). Axilla punctate. Metanotum imbricate. Preëpisternum rugose. Hypoepimeral area ruguloso-imbricate. Mesepisternum rugose anteriorly, rugulose posteriorly. Metepisternum with dorsal half rugoso-carinulate, ventral half imbricate. Metapostnotum coarsely rugoso-carinulate. Propodeum with dorsolateral slope rugulose-imbricate, lateral surface imbricate and posterior surface weakly tessellate. Metasoma polished, very weakly coriarious on apical impressed areas, punctation fine and dense throughout (i=1–2d).

Structure. Head moderately elongate (length/width ratio = 0.99–1.08). Eyes convergent below (UOD/LOD ratio = 1.13–1.21). Clypeus 2/3 below suborbital tangent, apicolateral margins convergent. Antennal sockets close (IAD/OAD <0.5). Frontal line carinate, ending 2–2.5 OD below median ocellus. Gena width dorsally subequal to eye in lateral view. Inner metatibial spur pectinate with 3–4 branches. Metapostnotum moderately elongate (MMR ratio = 1.22–1.32), posterior margin narrowly rounded onto posterior surface. Propodeum with oblique carina moderately strong, lateral carina moderately strong, reaching 2/3 distance to dorsal margin.

MALE. Similar to female except for the usual secondary sexual characters and as follows. Length 4.11–4.54 mm; head length 1.31–1.51 mm; head width 1.21–1.34 mm; forewing length 3.03–3.93 mm.

Colouration. Labrum, mandible and distal margin of clypeus yellow. Flagellum with ventral surface orange-yellow. Legs brown, except tibial bases and apices, and tarsi yellow.

Pubescence. Face upper orbital tangent obscured by dense, white appressed tomentum. S2–S3 apical halves and S4 lateral portion with moderately dense subappressed hairs (1.5 OD).

Surface sculpture. Mesoscutal punctures more widely spaced posteriorly i=1–3d). Mesepisternum punctate (i=1– 1.5d). Metasomal terga with apical impressed areas impunctate.

Structure. Head elongate (length/width ratio = 1.08–1.13). Eyes convergent below (UOD/LOD ratio = 1.29–1.34). Clypeus 2/3–3/4 below suborbital tangent, apicolateral margins convergent. Antennal sockets distant (IAD/OAD> 1.1). Frontal line carinate, ending 2.5 OD below median ocellus. Pedicel longer than F1. F2 length 2.0X F1. F2–F10 elongate (length/width ratio = 1.54–1.75). Gena with distinct tubercle. Metapostnotum moderately truncate (MMR ratio = 1.21– 1.35), posterior margin rounded onto posterior surface. Propodeum with oblique carina fine.

Terminalia . S7 with median lobe narrowly clavate, apex rounded ( Fig. 97 ). S8 with apicomedial margin weakly convex ( Fig. 97 ). Genital capsule as in Fig. 97 . Gonobase with ventral arms narrowly separated. Volsella roughly ovoid. Gonostylus small, dorsal setae very long, medially oriented. Retrorse lobe elongate, weakly attenuated apically.

Range. Texas north to Kansas, east to North Carolina ( Fig. 92 ). USA: FL, IL, KS, LA, NC, NE, OK, SC, TX.

Additional material examined. USA: FLORIDA: 1Ƥ ( D. brassicae paratype) Alachua Co., (R.A. Morse); [ CUIC]; ILLINOIS: 1Ƥ Jo Davies Co., Stockton, 18.vii.1968 (J.G. Marlin); 1Ƥ 10 mi W. San Antonio, 10.iv.1966 (E.R. Jaycox); [ INHS]; KANSAS: 1Ƥ Douglas Co., Akins prairie, N38˚54.361ʹ W095˚9.351ʹ, 2.viii.2004 (J. Hopwood); 1Ƥ Douglas Co., Coyler prairie, N38˚49.168ʹ W095˚21.788ʹ, 9.viii.2004 (J. Hopwood); [ PCYU]; LOUSIANA: 2ƤƤ Tallulah, iv; [ NMNH]; NEBRASKA: 1Ƥ 2 mi E. of Superior, 8.vii.1959 (W.E. LaBerge & O.W. Isakson); 10ƤƤ233 1 mi. W. Of Hebron, 8vii.1959 (W.E. LaBerge & O.W. Isakson); 6ƤƤ333 5 mi. W. Of Hebron, 8vii.1959 (W.E. LaBerge & O.W. Isakson); [ INHS]; NORTH CAROLINA: 1Ƥ Union Co., N34.984 W080.449, ix–x.2003 (R. Jackowski); [ PCYU]; OKLAHOMA: 1Ƥ Canadian Co., El Reno, N35.5323 W097.955, 14.iv.1961 (J.G. Rozen, R. Schrammel) 1Ƥ Garfield Co., Enid, N36.39556 W097.878 ° W, 14.iv.1961 (J.G. Rozen, R. Schrammel); [ AMNH]; SOUTH CAROLINA: 2ƤƤ 233 Kirksey, 24.vi.1957 (W.R.M. Mason); [ CNC]; TEXAS: 13 Maverick Co., Quemado, N28.9478 W100.6236, 236 m, 25.v.1952 (M.A. Cazier, W.J. Gertsch, R. Schrammel); 1Ƥ Wichita Co., Burkburnett, Red River, N34.0429 W098.3402, 316 m, 26.vi.1948 (C. Vaurie, P. Vaurie); [ AMNH]; 2ƤƤ Houston, 22.iv.1928 (L. Kestchberg); [ CUIC]; 408ƤƤ Denton Co., N33.2043 W097.0816, 27.iv.2002 (H.W. Ikerd); 13 Bastrop Co., Camp Swift, N30˚16.9ʹ W097˚18.8ʹ, 2.v.2002 (J.L. Neff); [ PCYU].

Floral records. ASTERACEAE : Engelmannia peristenia , Erigeron , Helenium , Helianthus pauciflorus , Hymenopappus artemisiifolius , Pyrrhopappus pauciflorus , Solidago missouriensis , Thelesperma filifolium ; BRASSICACEAE : Brassica ; HYDROPHYLLACEAE : Phacelia congesta ; LAMIACEAE : Stachys floridana ; ONAGRACEAE : Calylophus serrulatus .

DNA Barcode. Available. Multiple sequences.

Comments. Uncommon east of the Mississippi river. Common in Texas. Doubtful records of L. disparile from New Jersey, Ontario, Alberta and Nevada exist ( Michener 1951; Moure & Hurd 1987).

The type specimens of Halictus disparilis Cresson and Halictus albitarsis Cresson have not been formally designated. The specimen of Halictus disparilis indicated above is designated as the lectotype for the purpose of fixing the name to specimen. Some of Cresson’s syntype series include more than one species so designation of a single type specimen is warranted. The type series of Halictus albitarsis includes males of both L. disparile and L. connexum . The specimen selected above is designated as the lectotype of H. albitarsis to fix the name to a single species. The male of L. disparile has paler legs than L. connexum so the name seems more aptly associated with the former species.

The smallest male examined lacked a distinct genal tubercle.

For additional taxonomic notes see Gibbs (2010a, 2010b).

Figures

FIGURE 92. Distribution map of Lasioglossum curculum (stars) and L. disparile (circles).

FIGURE 93. Lasioglossum disparile (Cresson) female, (A) lateral habitus, (B) face. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 94. Lasioglossum disparile (Cresson) female, dorsal view of mesosoma.

FIGURE 95. Lasioglossum disparile (Cresson) male, (A) lateral habitus, (B) face. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 96. Lasioglossum disparile (Cresson) male, dorsal view of mesosoma.

FIGURE 97. Lasioglossum disparile (Cresson) male terminalia, (A) ventral view, (B) dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 14. T 1 Acarinarial fan (A) with transverse glabrous area (L. disparile); (B) without transverse glabrous area (L. albipenne).