Debus quadrispinus (Motschulsky, 1863) Smith & Beaver & Cognato, 2020

Smith, Sarah M., Beaver, Roger A. & Cognato, Anthony I., 2020, A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China, ZooKeys 983, pp. 1-442 : 1

Debus quadrispinus (Motschulsky, 1863) comb. nov. Fig. 48E, F, K

Tomicus quadrispinus Motschulsky, 1863: 514.

Xyleborus quadrispinus (Motschulsky): Wood 1969: 120; Mandelshtam and Nikitsky 2010: 17.

Xyleborus fallax Eichhoff, 1878a: 392. syn. nov.

Xyleborus amphicranulus Eggers, 1923: 204. Synonymy: Schedl 1970b: 224.

Xyleborus fastigatus Schedl, 1935a: 402. Synonymy: Hulcr and Cognato 2010a: 15.

Type material.

Holotype Tomicus quadrispinus (ZMMU). Syntype Xyleborus fallax (MIZ).

New records.

China: Jiangxi, Long Nan, 12.vii.2016, Lv-Jia, Lai, S-C., ex Cyclobalanopsis glauca (RABC, 1). S Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, 20 km NW Jinghong, vic. Man Dian (NNNR), 22°07.80'N, 100°40.05'E, 730 m, forest, 6.vi.2008, A. Weigel (NKME, 1); as previous except: 6.iv.2009, L. Meng (NKME, 1). Laos: Khamnouane, Phon Tiou, 10.vi.1965 (BPBM, 1). Vientiane, Ban Van Eue, 15.xii.1965, native collector (BPBM, 1). Philippines: Mindanao, Zamboanga, Kab 1.x.1932, H.C. Muzzall (NMNH, 1).

Diagnosis.

2.2-2.5 mm long (mean = 2.36 mm; n = 5); 3.67-3.83 × as long as wide. This species is distinguished by the posterolateral extensions of elytra long, as long as width of apical emargination; declivity deeply excavated; small size; and typically bicolored appearance, with light brown pronotum and dark brown elytra.

Similar species.

Debus emarginatus , D. shoreae .

Distribution.

China* (Jiangxi, Yunnan), India (Assam), Indonesia (Enggano Is, Java, Maluku, Mentawai Is, Sulawesi, Sumatra), Laos*, East & West Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines*, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Vietnam.

Host plants.

Strongly polyphagous (e.g., Browne 1961b; Ohno 1990; Wood and Bright 1992).

Remarks.

Browne (1961b) provides further information on the habits of the species (as X. fallax ). Photographs of the holotype of Tomicus quadrispinus Motschulsky (1863) at ZMMU were taken and shared with the authors by Alexander Petrov. The species was found to be conspecific to Xyleborus fallax Eichhoff (1878). Tomicus quadrispinus has priority and thus Xyleborus fallax is here placed in synonymy.

Figures

Figure 48. Dorsal, lateral and declivital view of Debus emarginatus, 3.3 - 3.6 mm (A, B, I), D. pumilus, 2.5 - 3.2 mm (C, D, J), D. quadrispinus, 2.2 - 2.5 mm (E, F, K), and D. shoreae, 3.0 - 3.8 mm (G, H, L).