Foenatopus chinensis (Elliott, 1919)

Hong, Chun-dan, van Achterberg, Cornelis & Xu, Zai-fu, 2011, A revision of the Chinese Stephanidae (Hymenoptera, Stephanoidea), ZooKeys 110, pp. 1-108 : 15-18

Foenatopus chinensis (Elliott, 1919) Figs 5886

Diastephanus chinensis Elliott 1919: 73; Elliott 1922: 801, 814; Chao 1964: 383, 388.

Foenatopus chinensis Aguiar 2004: 22.

Diastephanus cerviculatus Chao 1964: 383-384, 388, Figs I (7), III (2-3), IV (1, 3, 11). syn. n. Foenatopus cerviculatus Belokobylskij 1995: 21; Aguiar 2004: 22. Diastephanus flavifrons Chao 1964: 383-385, 389, Figs I (8); syn. n.

Foenatopus flavifrons Belokobylskij 1995: 21.

Foenatopus chaoi Belokobylskij 1995: 21(new name for Foenatopus flavifrons (Chao, 1964), not Elliott, 1917); Aguiar 2004: 22. syn. n.

Type material.

Holotype of Foenatopus chinensis (BMNH): “Type”, "B.M. Type Hym., 3.a.45", "B.M. Type Diastephanus chinensis Elliott 1919)", " Diastephanus chinensis E.A. Elliott, Type, 5.3.19 [= 5.iii.1919]", "[?CHINA: Yunnan], Haute Mekong, Tong King, 13.iv.1918, R.V. de Salvaza", "Indo China, R.V. de Salvaza, 1919 –25”.

Holotype of Foenatopus cerviculatus , ♀ (CAZB), "CHINA: Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Yunjinghong, 650 m. C.A.S.", "8.x.1957, Ling-chao Zang", “HOLOTYPE”, " Diastephanus cerviculatus Chao, Holotype". Paratypes (2 ♀; CAZB): 1 ♀, "CHINA: Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Meng’a, 1050-1080 m. C.A.S.", "13.v.1958, Fu-ji Pu", “PARATYPE”, " Diastephanus cerviculatus Chao, paratype"; 1 ♀, "CHINA: Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Xiaomengyang, 850 m. C.A.S.", "28.viii.1958, Yi-ran Zhang", “PARATYPE”, " Diastephanus cerviculatus Chao, paratype".

Holotype of Foenatopus chaoi , ♂ (CAZB): "CHINA: Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Menghun, 1750 m. C.A.S.", "1.vi.1958, Zheng Le-yi", “HOLOTYPE”, " Diastephanus flavifrons Chao, Holotype". Paratypes (2 ♀ (?), CAZB): 1 ♀, id., but Damenglong, 650 m, 18.vi.1958; 1 ♀, id., but Mengzhe, 670m, 6.ix.1958, Wang Yong-shu, “PARATYPE”, " Diastephanus flavifrons Chao, Paratype".

Other material.

3 ♀ + 6 ♂ (SCAU): 1 ♀ + 1 ♂, CHINA: Guangdong, Guangzhou, Shaojiwo, 3.v.2009, Ming-yi Tian, No. 200800185; No. 200800186; 2 ♀, CHINA: Guangdong, Mt. Nankunshan, 1.vi.2009, Zai-fu Xu, No. 200800187; No. 200800188; 1♂, CHINA: Guangdong, Mt. Nankun, x.2009, Chun-dan Hong, No. 200800191; 5 ♂, CHINA: Guangdong, Zhaoqing, Xiwanggu, 14-15.iv.2007, Zai-fu Xu, No. 200800173; No. 200800174; No. 200800175; No. 200800176; CHINA: Guangdong, Mt. Nankunshan, x.2009, Chun-dan Hong, No. 200800191; 3 ♀ (ZJUC): CHINA: Guangxi, Nanning, 1982.v.11, Jun-hua He, No. 821224; id., but No. 8212248; CHINA: Guangxi, Nanning, 1982.v.11, Jun-hua He, No. 821228.

Diagnosis.

Vertex finely transversely striate (Figs 64, 74, 84); frons of female with elongate pale yellowish or ivory patches laterally (Figs 66, 76), of male completely ivory (Fig. 86); temple smooth and shiny, with yellowish streak along eye (Figs 65, 75, 85); pronotum long and slender, neck medially distinctly impressed and with several carinae (Figs 59, 68, 78); propodeum distinctly foveolate (Figs 70, 80); vein 2-CU1 of fore wing nearly absent (Figs 58, 67, 77); pterostigma of female distinctly long and apically acute, its length 20-21 times as long as maximum width (Figs 58, 67); hind femur with two large ventral teeth, both large teeth on hind femur mostly dark brown or blackish (Figs 61, 71, 82); pygidial impression of female deep and reverse V-shaped (Fig. 72); ovipositor sheath 0.7-1.0 times as long as body length; ovipositor sheath with subapical whitish band (Figs 62, 73).

Description.

Redescribed after a female from Guangdong (Guangzhou), length of body 15.7 mm, of fore wing 8.4 mm, and of ovipositor sheath 10.8 mm.

Head. Flagellum with 30 flagellomeres; length of first flagellomere 4.2 times its maximum width and 0.7 times as second flagellomere; frons finely transversely striate (Fig. 76); coronal area with oval-elongate, regular carinae encircling central ocellus and coronal teeth; three anterior coronal teeth large and acute, both posterior ones small and ear-like; vertex with three short transverse carinae between posterior ocelli, followed by finely transversely striate flattened area, striae widely posteriorly reaching to occipital carina (Fig. 74); temple with striae from vertex, but smooth ventrally (Fig. 75); temple narrowed behind eye, genal angle indistinct in dorsal view.

Mesosoma. Neck (Figs 68, 69) distinctly elongate, anteriorly deeply emarginate, neck at same level with middle pronotum, pronotal fold absent; neck and middle pronotum transversely spaced carinate dorsally, somewhat smooth posteriorly; posterior pronotum distinctly differentiated and steeply elevated dorsally, largely strigate and punctured, with sparse, short setosity, narrowly smooth posteriorly; prosternum transversely strigate and with some setae; mesoscutum anterior half transversely strigate, posterior half with several medium-sized foveolae and rugose; notauli distinct and straight, median groove absent; axillae rugose, with several foveolae medially, and separated basally by a large deep fovea; scutellum largely smooth, sparsely with several punctures, each bearing a short seta (Fig. 70); mesopleuron largely strigate and with small punctures, anteriorly densely whitish setose; convex part of metapleuron reticulate-foveolate, ventrally with spaced carinae and with both anterior and ventral depressions large and deep; propodeum strongly and densely reticulate-foveolate, the foveolae rather large and irregularly shaped, smooth inside, posteriorly with four smooth and large foveolae (Fig. 70).

Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 67): wing hyaline, vein 2-Cu1 weakly developed, 0.2 times as long as vein cu-a; pterostigma elongate and acute apically, 2.9 times as long as vein r and 21.2 times long as its maximum width; vein r and vein SR1 obtuse-angled, vein r ends 0.3 times length of pterostigma behind level of apex of pterostigma; vein SR1 subparallel to costal margin, and disappearing 0.5 times its length before reaching wing margin.

Legs. Hind coxa finely transversely spaced striate, basally somewhat rugose, outer side of subapex dilated (Fig. 81); hind femur swollen, finely densely strigate and sparsely with very short, soft setae, ventrally with two large acute teeth and with two obtuse basal tubercles (Fig. 71); hind tibia 1.2 times as long as hind femur; basal narrow part of hind tibia obliquely strigate and 1.5 times as long as widened part, outer side of widened part coriaceous and microreticulate, inner side of widened part basally distinctly depressed, followed by convex and setose area, apically densely setose; basitarsus parallel-sided, rather slender, its ventral length 7.2 times as long as its width, ventrally densely setose.

Metasoma. First tergite cylindrical, finely transversely strigate, basally somewhat rugose (Fig. 72), first tergite 11.1 times as long as its maximum width, 2.5 times as second tergite and 0.9 times as remainder of tergites; second tergite basal 0.2 rugose, rest of tergites aciculate; pygidial area narrowly impressed and setose, pygidial impression somewhat reverse V-shaped (Fig. 72); length of ovipositor sheath 0.7 times as long as body length, length of subapical whitish band 1.9 times length of dark apex (Fig. 73).

Colour.Largely black; frons with three longitudinal ivory streaks, one centrally and the other two along the inner orbits; temple with an ivory streak along eye; antenna brown; fore and middle legs with brown parts; subapical ovipositor sheath whitish.

Male.Very similar to female, but differs as follows: smaller; frons entirely vivid bright yellow, distinctly contrasting with colour of vertex (Fig. 86); a third basal tooth present and quite acute (Fig. 82).

Variation. Female: length of body 9-17 mm, of fore wing 5.5-12 mm, and of ovipositor 6.8-18 mm; frons with 2-3 yellowish streaks along eyes (Figs 62, 76); vein 2-CU1 of fore wing nearly absent (Figs 58, 67, 77); pterostigma 2.8-2.9 times longer than vein r and 13-21 times longer than wide (Figs 58, 67, 77); length of ovipositor sheath 0.7 -1.0 times as long as body length; length of subapical whitish band1.0-2.5times as long as apical blackish part (Figs 62, 73). Male: length of body 7-13 mm, and of fore wing 5.7-6.9 mm.

Distribution.

Oriental China (Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hong Kong); Vietnam.

Notes.

The holotype of Foenatopus chinensis has two yellowish streaks along the eyes on the frons (Fig. 66), as in two paratypes of Foenatopus cerviculatus ( Chao 1964). The type series of Foenatopus chaoi is very similar to Foenatopus cerviculatus but differs by having the frons entirely yellow below the anterior coronal tooth. This is considered to be a characteristic of the males. Considering the colour of the frons they are males and not females as suggested by Chao (1964).