Pollicipes caboverdensi

Fernandes, Joana N., Cruz, Teresa & Syoc, Robert Van, 2010, Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Scalpelliformes), an intertidal barnacle from the Cape Verde Islands, Zootaxa 2557, pp. 29-38 : 31-36

Pollicipes caboverdensi s sp. nov.

( Figs 1–6 , Tables 1, 2 )

Material examined. Holotype: MB11000930 (24.5 mm RC), Cape Verde, Santiago Island, Punta Preta (15º17´N 23º46´W), rocky intertidal, collected by hand, Joana Fernandes and Teresa Cruz, 25 February 2008. Paratypes (all specimens with same locality and collection date as holotype): NHM 2009.316–320 (4 specimens; 15.7–22.6 mm RC); MNHN-Ci3198 (4 specimens; 17.4–21.5 mm RC); CASIZ 179504 (9 specimens; 6.9–18.3 mm RC).

Diagnosis. Pollicipes with only one rostral median latus (RML), both in large (RC> 15mm) and very small specimens (RC <3mm) ( Figs 1 , 2 ); colour of capitular plates reddish-orange in large sized individuals ( Fig. 1 , 2 ); peduncular scales about same width as height ( Fig. 3 ).

Description. Capitulum triangular. Paired scuta, paired terga and carina large plates, terga largest. Smaller plates added in whorls below bases of five main plates: rostrum and pairs of median latera [herein we use the nomenclature of Newman (1987); Darwin (1852) used upper latera], carinolatera and rostrolatera most prominent; additionally, subrostrum, subcarina and extra latera, including carinal median latera and diagnostic pair of RML ( Fig. 2 ). Whorl of very small plates below subrostrum. Largest plates of large (RC> 15mm) specimens reddish-orange.

Peduncle orange-brown, clothed with flexed, square-shaped scales, homogeneous in colour (reddishorange). Peduncular scales as wide or wider than high, overlapping those in row above by about ½ scale length.

Prosoma with 15 pairs of filamentary appendages in two longitudinal rows. Thorax with three filaments at base of first pair of cirri (CI), one filament at base of CIV and one at base of CV; several papillae indicating tendency to formation of filaments at bases of CII and CIII; one filament on each side of oral cone.

Labrum bullate, width equaling that of oral cone.

Mandibular palp oval, outer and inner margins thickly clothed with long setae ( Fig. 4 a).

Mandible with three strong, yellow teeth, first (upper) tooth strongest, notch between first and second more pronounced than that between second and third; tuft of fine setae on upper margin of mandible; lower angle of mandible oval, bearing series of spines ( Fig. 4 b).

Maxillule with long, strong spine at upper angle, indistinct notch below with numerous pairs of smaller setae; cutting edge below stepped, with five pairs of longer, stout setae; lower angle stepped, with five pairs of smaller setae ( Fig. 4 c).

Maxillae wide, lobes subequal, setae long, dense, notch between lobes naked ( Fig. 4 d). Six pairs of cirri, first pair much shorter than remainder; number of segments for each cirrus listed in Table 1.

Cirrus I II III IV V VI Anterior ramus 11/11 14 /15 18/18 18/18 19/broken 19/21 Posterior ramus 9/9 16 /16 18/19 20/20 20/20 21/19 Caudal appendages subcylindrical, acute, equal to or just exceeding length of lower segment of pedicel of CVI; five to six segments; row of short spines around upper margin of each segment, short tuft of setae apically.

Penis segmented, cylindrical, tuft of fine setae apically.

Distribution. Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. is endemic to the Cape Verde Archipelago and can be found on the north-western, intertidal rocky shores of several islands: Santiago, Sal and São Vicente (observed by authors), Boavista ( Quinteiro et al. 2007).

Etymology. Named caboverdensis from the name of the country “ Cabo Verde ”.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov., Cape Verde Islands. View from the left side.

FIGURE 2. Capitular plates of Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. (upper row) and Pollicipes pollicipes (lower row). Scale bar on image A is the same for images B, C and D. Scale bar on image E is the same for images F, G and H. Views of the right side (images A, C, E, G) and left side (images B, D, F, H). Plates: R—rostrum; C—carina; L—median latus; S—scutum; RL—rostrolatus; CL—carinolatus; RML—rostral median latus; CML—carinal median latus.

FIGURE 3. Scales of the peduncle of Pollicipes elegans (A), Pollicipes pollicipes (B), and Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. (C).

FIGURE 4. Mouth parts (A—mandibular palp; B—mandible; C—maxillule; D—maxilla) of Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. from the right side. Scale bar on image A is the same for images B, C and D.

FIGURE 5. A) Pollicipes pollicipes, Dakar, Senegal; B) Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov., Santiago, Cape Verde.

FIGURE 6. Unrooted Neighbor-Joining tree based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (CO 1) nucleotide distances (p-distance) for populations of Pollicipes spp. from each region (n = 10) (PT—Portugal; SN—Senegal; CV—Cape Verde). Bootstrap support (10000 replicates) for each clade is indicated below nodes for values> 70 %.

Tables

TABLE 2. Pairwise genetic distances (p-distance) of the CO 1 gene for populations of Pollicipes spp. (PT—Portugal; SN—Senegal; CV—Cape Verde).

	PT	SN	CV
PT	0.007
SN CV	0.007 0.133	0.007 0.132	0.010