Gibbotettix Zheng, 1992a

Zha, Ling-Sheng, Wen, Ting-Chi, Yu, Feng-Ming & Hyde, Kevin D., 2016, A taxonomic review of the genus Gibbotettix with description of one new species (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae), Journal of Natural History 50, pp. 2389-2397 : 2390-2392

Genus Gibbotettix Zheng, 1992a

Zheng, 1992a, Entomotaxonomia, 14(1): 1 – 2; Liang and Zheng, 1998, Fauna Sinica, Insecta, Vol. 12, Orthoptera, Tetrigoidea , 46 – 49; Zheng and Fu, 2003, Acta Entomologica Sinica, 46(1): 58 – 63; Zheng, 2005, Fauna of Tetrigoidea from Western China, 41 – 48; Deng et al., 2007, Fauna of Tetrigoidea from Yunnan and Guangxi, 38 – 41; Zeng and Zheng, 2011, Acta Entomologica Sinica, 54(7): 843 – 847. Type species: Gibbotettix emeiensis Zheng, 1992a .

Generic characteristics (updated), ( Figure 1 (a–k)). Size small (male) to moderate (female), body surface excessively coarse, covered with numerous granules and many tubercles. Vertex wide, 2.0 – 3.4 times as wide as one eye; vertex together with frontal ridge angled, arcuate or rounded ( Figure 1 (a – c)); frontal ridge between antennae large triangularly protruding forward. Antennae filiform, inserted below lower margins of eyes, the longest segment about 7 – 10 times as long as its width, junctions of two adjacent segments generally yellow, distal segments generally yellow. Eyes globose. Anterior margin of pronotum truncate or in middle with an angled protrusion forward; mid keel high and lamellate in anterior part while low in posterior part ( Figure 1 (j, k)); anterior part of pronotum distinctly uplifted on both sides of mid keel, which results in anterior part of pronotum being gibbous; humeral angle obtusely or right angled or arcuate ( Figure 1 (d – f)); posterior margin of hind process truncate, generally concave in the middle ( Figure 1 (g – i)); lateral lobe produced outwards, apex of posterior angle truncate or subtruncate. Tegmen and wing absent. Upper and lower margins of fore and mid femora with 2 – 3 lamellate protrusions; posterior femora stout, first segment of posterior tarsi generally longer than second plus third.

Distribution. China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan and Yunnan).

Relationship to other genera. The genus Gibbotettix Zheng was placed into Cladonotinae (Tetrigidae) based on: (1) filiform antenna; (2) in profile, frontal ridge of vertex between bases of antennae large triangularly protruding.

The genus Gibbotettix is very similar to the genus Austrohancockia Günther, 1938 ; the former differs from the latter by: (1) anterior part of pronotum distinctly uplifted on both sides of mid keel, which results in anterior part of pronotum being gibbous; (2) sometimes middle of anterior margin of pronotum with an angled protrusion forward, which never occurs in Austrohancockia .

Key to species of the genus Gibbotettix Zheng

1. Middle of anterior margin of pronotum with an angled protrusion forward .................... 2

– Anterior margin of pronotum truncate, without protrusion ......................................... 7

2. Vertex 3.0 – 3.2 times as wide as one eye ............................................................................... 3

– Vertex 2.0 – 2.6 times as wide as one eye ............................................................................... 5

3. Mid keel of vertex very inconspicuous in anterior part; humeral angles obtusely angled; lateral keels of prozona contracted backward; middle of posterior margin of hind progress deeply triangularly concave. Distributed in: China (Guizhou) ........ .......................................................................................... G . vallis Zha and Wen sp. nov. (♂, ♀)

– Mid keel of vertex conspicuous and erected in anterior part; humeral angles rounded; lateral keels of prozona parallel; middle of posterior margin of hind process shallowly concave. .......................................................................................................... 4

4. Longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge 2.0 times as wide as first segment of antenna; lateral ocellus inserted at lower one-third of inner margin of eye; shoulders narrower. Distributed in: China (Guangxi) ....................... G . circinihumerus Zheng (♀)

– Longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge 1.5 times as wide as first segment of antenna; lateral ocellus inserted between lower margins of eyes; shoulders wider. Distributed in: Guangdong ................................. ................................ G. cristata (Liang) (♂)

5. Humeral angle rounded; in profile anterior part of mid keel of pronotum nearly forming an oblique line. Distributed in: China (Guangxi) ..................................................... ..................................................................................... G . guangxiensis Zheng and Jiang (♂, ♀)

– Humeral angle obtusely angled; in profile anterior part of mid keel of pronotum curved .................................................................................................................................................... 6

6. Vertex 2.6 times as wide as one eye; middle of posterior margin of hind process shallowly concave. Distributed in: China (Sichuan) ......... G . emeiensis Zheng (♂, ♀)

– Vertex 2.3 times as wide as one eye; middle of posterior margin of hind process deeply concave. Distributed in: China (Guizhou, Hunan) G . leishanensis Zheng (♂)

7. Vertex 2.0 – 2.8 times as wide as one eye; vertex and frontal ridge forming a right angle .. .................................................................................................................................................... 8

– Vertex 3.2 – 3.4 times as wide as one eye; vertex and frontal ridge forming a rounded angle. ................................................................................................................................ 10

8. Lamella of mid keel of pronotum elongate and reaching humeral angles, upper margin with a deep notch near humeral angles; humeral angles nearly right angled; posterior margin of hind process truncated. Distributed in: China (Guangdong) ................................................................................................... G . zhengi Liang (♀)

– Lamella of mid keel of pronotum normal, restricted only before shoulders, upper margin without notch; humeral angles obtusely angled or rounded; middle of posterior margin of hind process more or less concave.................................................. 9

9. Antennae inserted slightly below lower margins of eyes; mid keel of pronotum complete; middle of posterior margin of hind process shallowly concave; third pulvillus of first segment of hind tarsus distinctly larger than first and second. Distributed in: China (Yunnan) .................................................. G . hongheensis Zheng (♂)

– Antennae inserted far below lower margins of eyes; mid keel of pronotum interrupted; middle of posterior margin of hind process deeply concave; three pulvilli of first segment of hind tarsus equal in length. Distributed in: China (Hunan) .............. ......................................................................................... G . hupingshanensis Fu and Zheng (♀)

10. Longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge 2.0 times as wide as first segment of antenna; in profile upper margin of pronotum before shoulders deeply cut by a furrow; hind process slightly surpassing top of hind femur, middle of posterior margin shallowly concave. Distributed in: China (Hunan) ................. G . lativertex Zeng and Zheng (♀)

– Longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge 1.5 times as wide as first segment of antenna; in profile upper margin of pronotum before shoulders not cut by furrow; hind process reaching top of hind femur, middle of posterior margin deeply concave. Distributed in: China (Guizhou) ............. ............ G . guizhouensis Zeng and Zheng (♂)

Figures

Figure 1. Main morphologic variations among species of Gibbotettix: (a–c) lateral view of vertex together with frontal ridge in profile, (a) oblique, (b) arcuate or rounded, (c) right angled; (d–f) dorsal view of humeral angle, (d) arcuate or widely rounded, (e) obtusely angled, (f) right angled; (g–i) dorsal view of posterior margin of hind process of pronotum, (g) truncate, (h) shallowly concave, (i) deeply concave; (j–k) lateral views of mid keel in anterior part of pronotum, (j) anterior margin of pronotum has an angled protrusion forward, (k) anterior margin of pronotum is truncate (dotted lines on j and k refer to variations in different species).