Rudbeckia L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 141

44. Rudbeckia L. 2

Biennial or perennial herbs. Leaves simple to 2-pinnatifid, alternate. Capitula medium to large. Involucral bracts in 2-3 rows. Receptacle conical, with scales which partly enclose the achenes. Outer florets ligulate, sterile; inner florets tubular, hermaphrodite; corolla 5-lobed. Achenes prismatic, more or less 4-angular, glabrous; pappus a short corona or absent.

Stem and leaves hairy; leaves simple, ± entire; pappus absent

1. hirta Stem and upper surface of leaves glabrous or nearly so; leaves pinnatifid or 2- to 3-lobed; pappus present 2. laciniata