Scorzonera hispanica, L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 320-321

15. S. hispanica L. , Sp. Pl. 791 (1753)

(ind. S. strida Hornem. ).

Perennial 25-100(-130) cm, subglabrous or sparsely arachnoid-lanate especially at base of stems, leaves and involucre; rootstock vertical, cylindrical or fusiform, not fibrous at apex. Stems solitary or few, rigid, usually branched at or above the middle, erect, leafy especially in lower half. Basal and lower cauline leaves 15-40 x (0-l-)0-3-6 cm, linear to ovate-elliptical, acuminate, entire or rarely weakly dentate, flat or sometimes undulate at margin, narrowed at base and sometimes petiolate; upper cauline leaves linear-lanceolate, scarcely widened at base. Involucre 20-30 mm, up to 40 mm in fruit; outer bracts as long as inner. Ligules li?— 2 times as long as involucre, yellow, sometimes purplish outside. Achenes 10-15(-20) mm, cylindrical, weakly attenuate above, the outer with prominent rugose to almost tuberculate-squamate ribs, the inner with usually smooth, weak ribs. Pappus-hairs as long as or slightly shorter than achene, plumose, dirty white. 2« = 14. C. & S. Europe and S. part of U.S.S.R.; occasionally cultivated for its edible rootstock and locally naturalized. Al Au *B1 Bu Cz Ga Ge Gr Hs Hu It Ju

Lu Rm Rs (C, W, K, E) [He?Po].

Extremely variable, especially in leaf-shape.