Scorzonera L.
|
publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.293764 |
|
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/90236A28-9C75-F570-F790-F3F11A294CC8 |
|
treatment provided by |
Plazi |
|
scientific name |
Scorzonera L. |
| status |
|
161. Scorzonera L. View in CoL 1
(incl. Gelasia Cass. , Podospermum DC. )
Usually perennial herbs. Stems solitary to several. Leaves entire to pinnatisect. Capitula solitary to many. Involucral bracts in several rows. Receptacle without scales. Ligules yellow, whitish or purplish. Achenes usually cylindrical, not or obscurely beaked, without an annulus; pappus of several rows of hairs, usually all plumose at least at base, or the outermost (rarely all) simple and scabrid.
Literature: S. J. Lipschitz, Fragmentae Monographiae Generis
Scorzonerae . 1. Moskva. 1935. 2. Moskva. 1939.
Because of uncertainty about the morphological nature of the underground parts in this genus, these are called rootstocks in this account.
1 Achenes densely villous or lanate
2 Pappus-hairs scabrid 25. eretica 2 Pappus-hairs plumose at least below
3 Rootstock with a globose tuber 2-5 cm below surface of soil
4 Plant ± sericeous-lanate throughout; stems simple or branched at base 27. lanata 4 Plant sparsely tomentose with short, crispate hairs; stems branched at or above the middle 28. tuberosa 3 Rootstock without a tuber
5 Involucre densely villous-lanate at least on outer bracts
6 Stems simple, leafy only at or near the base, with 2-3
scale-like leaves above; involucre 10-15 mm 26. albicans 6 Stems simple or branched, leafy for at least the lower half;
involucre often more than 15 mm
7 Pappus-hairs plumose throughout 25. eretica 7 Pappus-hairs plumose only below 22. ensifolia 5Involucre glabrous or shortly tomentose to very sparsely villous at base
8 Hairs on achenes less than 3 mm; pappus purplish-brown
24. doria 8 Hairs on achenes more than 3 mm; pappus pale reddishbrown
9 Pappus 2-J—3 times as long as achene 23. hirsuta 9 Pappus l-ł-2 times as long as achene 25. eretica 1 Achenes glabrous but sometimes scabrid or tuberculate- squarrose
10 Ligules lilac or purplish on both surfaces, very rarely white
11 Plant not more than 8 cm; leaves recurved 6. purpurea 11 Plant usually more than 8 cm, with straight leaves
12 Rootstock densely fibrous at apex 6. purpurea 12 Rootstock not fibrous at apex 5. undulata 10 Ligules yellow inside, yellow, reddish or purplish outside
13 Achenes with a pale tubular base ^„-ł as long as rest of achene
14 Outer achenes 13-28 mm, with squamulose ribs; leaves entire, sometimes undulate at margin
15 Stems 5-30 cm; leaves 5-15 cm, usually crowded in middle or lower part of stem; involucre 18-27 mm 3. mollis 15 Stems less than 5 cm; leaves 3-6 cm, all basal; involucre
10-15mm 4. idaea 14 Outer achenes 6-17 mm, with smooth ribs; leaves usually pinnatisect
16 Monocarpic; ligules less than 1| times as long as involucre, yellow outside 2. laciniata 16 Polycarpic; ligules l-J—2 times as long as involucre,
reddish or purplish outside 1. сапа 13 Achenes without a pale tubular base
17 Rootstock densely fibrous at apex
18 Stems usually leafless except for 3-6 scale-like leaves;
leaves at least 3 mm wide 8. austriaca 18 Stems leafy throughout; leaves 1-2 mm wide 20. pusilla 17 Rootstock not fibrous at apex
19 Stems fistular, arising from a long-creeping, slender rootstock; leaves fistular 19. fistolosa 19 Stems and leaves not fistular; rootstock vertical or shortly oblique
20 All achenes with smooth ribs
21 Pappus-hairs plumose only at the base, reddish-brown
21. villosa 21 Pappus-hairs mostly plumose for most of their length,
dirty white
22 Achenes 15-25 mm
23 Stems densely leafy almost to the apex 7. graminifolia 23 Stems leafy only in lower half or leafless
24 Stems leafless; leaves 1-2 mm wide, suberect, with densely crowded, rather prominent, rigid sheaths
12. transtagana
24 Stems leafy at least near the base; leaves at least
2 mm wide, not densely crowded, without rigid sheaths 11. baetica 22 Achenes less than 15 mm
25 Leaves less than 3 mm wide; rootstock with an ovoid tuber 20. pusilla 25 Leaves at least 3 mm wide; rootstock without a tuber 26 Upper cauline leaves ovate-cordate at base; achenes 12-14 mm 18. scyria 26 Upper cauline leaves ± linear, not cordate at base; achenes 7-11 mm 27 Plant glabrous; ligules 1-1| times as long as involucre 10. parviflora 27 More or less arachnoid-lanate at least at base of stems, leaves and involucre; ligules lł-2 times as long as involucre 9. humilis
20 At least the outer achenes with rugose, scabrid or lamellate ribs
28 Pappus-hairs reddish-brown 21. villosa
28 Pappus-hairs dirty white 29 Plant ± densely arachnoid-tomentose or -lanate throughout; leaves usually crowded in middle or lower part of stem 3. mollis 29 Plant subglabrous, or sparsely arachnoid-tomentose or -lanate only at base of stems, leaves or involucre; leaves mostly basal 30 Stems less than 5 cm (Kriti) 4. idaea 30 Stems more than 10 cm 31 Stems leafless or with 1 small leaf 32 Outermost involucral bracts at least | as long as inner; achenes c. 10 mm 14. aristata 32 Outermost involucral bracts less than | as long as inner; achenes c. 20 mm 17. brevicaulis 31 Stems with several to many leaves 33 Leaves densely crowded with prominent, erect, sheathing bases (Greece) 13. crocifolia 33 Leaves not densely crowded, without prominent, erect bases 34 Stems simple or branched below the middle; leaves irregularly dentate, usually with at least some linear teeth 16. crispatola 34 Stems usually branched at or above the middle; leaves entire to weakly dentate 35 Leaves up to 6 cm wide, not folded, sometimes undulate at margin 15. hispanica 35 Leaves not more than 0-8 cm wide, folded, not undulate 11. baetica
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.