Hypochoeris L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 308-309

158. Hypochoeris L. 2

Annual to perennial herbs. Stems solitary to few, usually branched. Leaves usually all basal, entire or sinuate-dentate to pinnatifid. Capitula 1-few. Involucral bracts in 1-several imbricate rows. Receptacle flat, with numerous scarious scales. Ligules yellow, the outer sometimes with a greenish or reddish stripe on the outer face. Achenes more or less cylindrical, at least the inner usually beaked; pappus of 1-2 rows of scabrid or plumose rigid hairs sometimes dilated at the base, or rarely of fimbriate scales.

1 Pappus of 2 rows of hairs

2 Outer row of pappus-hairs 0-5-1 mm; inner row of pappushairs 4-8 mm, narrowly dilated at the base; achenes 4-5-6-5 mm, beaked; involucral bracts up to 15 mm

3 Perennial; stem usually glabrous, at least above; capitula 15-20 mm wide 2. laevigata

3 Annual; stem hispid, at least above; capitula up to 15 mm wide 3. achvrophorus

2 Outer row of pappus-hairs 3-6 mm; inner row of pappushairs 9-5-15 mm, not dilated at the base; achenes 2-5-17 mm, beaked or unbeaked; involucral bracts up to 25 mm

4 Marginal achenes 2-5-6 mm, unbeaked, inner achenes 6—8-5(—13-5) mm, beaked or unbeaked; capitula 5-15 mm wide; leaves glabrous to puberulent, rarely setulosehispid; usually annual 8. glabra

4 Achenes 8-17 mm, beaked, or the marginal achenes c. 5 mm, beaked or unbeaked; capitula 20-30(-40) mm wide; leaves usually setulose-hispid; perennial 9. radicata

1 Pappus of 1 row of hairs or fimbriate scales

5 Capitula up to 60 mm wide; involucral bracts up to 30 mm; pappus-hairs 6-13 mm; achenes 9-5-20 mm

6 Outer involucral bracts entire; leaves often streaked with

dark purple; stem not thickened, or sometimes thickened

immediately below the capitula 5. maculata

6 Outer involucral bracts usually lacerate-fimbriate; leaves not

streaked; stem thickened in upper half 6. uniflora

5 Capitulaupto 25 mm wide;involucralbractsup to 15 mm;

pappus of hairs 4-6 mm or of scales 0- 15 mm; achenes

3-5—10 mm

7 Stems with at least one ± large foliage leaf; marginal achenes

5-5-6 mm, with pappus of fimbriate scales c. 0- 15 mm or

of hairs; inner achenes 7-5-10 mm, with pappus of hairs 4. cretensis

7 Leaves all ina basal rosette (the stem with severalbract-like

scales); achenes 3 - 5-6-5 mm, with pappus of hairs

8 Stems 4-30 cm; achenes unbeaked; pappus-hairs narrowly dilated at the base 1. robertia

8 Stems 2-9 cm; achenes shortly beaked; pappus-hairs not dilated at the base 7. tenuiflora