Lactuca tatarica, (L.) C. A. Meyer

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 329

4. L. tatarica (L.) C. A. Meyer , Verz. Pfl. Cauc. 56 (1831).

Subglabrous perennial. Rhizome vertical, with underground stolons. Stem 3O-8O(-1OO) cm, erect, branched above. Lower leaves runcinate-pinnatifid, shortly petiolate; upper lanceolate, sessile, semiamplexicaul. Inflorescence a more or less branched panicle. Capitula with 16-23 florets. Ligules lilac-blue. Achenes 4-5-6-5 mm, yellowish to black; beak as long as body. Pappus white. 2n = 18. Seashores, river-banks, and as a weed or ruderal. E. Europe, northwards to N.C. Russia', naturalized widely in N. and N.C. Europe. Bu Rm Rs(C, W, K, E) Tu [Cz Da Fe Ge Hb He Ho No Po Rs (N, B) Su].