Stigmacoccus paranaensis Foldi

Hodgson, Chris, Gamper, Heather, Bogo, Amauri & Watson, Gillian, 2007, A taxonomic review of the Margarodoid genus Stigmacoccus Hempel (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Stigmacoccidae), with some details on their biology, Zootaxa 1507, pp. 1-55 : 36

Stigmacoccus paranaensis Foldi

Material examined. BRAZIL, Sta Catarina, Florianopolis, Campus of Univ. Fed. de Santa Catarina, on trunk of Schizolobium excelsum (Fabaceae) , 10.viii.1998, G. Mottana ( BMNH): 1/1 prepupa exuvia + a pupal skin. Pupal skin split and spread out but very distorted. Too poor to illustrate but the following important details were noted:

Wing buds much larger than on prepupa, each 825 ųm long, 500 ųm wide and lightly sclerotised. Antennae 1.3 mm long, showing lateral branches or extensions from 6 segments although segmentation indistinct. Legs not sclerotised, without clear segmentation and without claws; with a group of 25–40 loculate pores in a broad band just anterior to each coxa. Thoracic spiracles much as on adult male, peritreme about 66 ųm wide, atrium about 40 ųm wide and muscle plate + peritreme about 190 ųm long. Mouthparts absent. Penial sheath about 220 ųm long and 210 ųm wide at base. Most segments with hair-like setae, each 25–40 ųm long, with a blunt or even slightly capitate apex; also a few flagellate hairs, each about 8 ųm long, plus loculate pores. Abdominal spiracle on segment VIII about 35 ųm widest.

Comment. This is clearly a pupa. The fact that it has wing-buds is interesting as the only other margarodoid pupa known to the authors is that of Marchalina hellenica (Gennadius) , which does not have wing-buds ( Hodgson & Gounari, 2006) but then the males are apterous..