Caenocentron pallas, SCHMID, 1982 Caenocentron trilineatum, (MOSELY, 1934)

Vilarino, Albane, Dias, Everton Santos & Bispo, Pitágoras Da Conceição, 2022, Phylogeny indicates polyphyly in Cnodocentron (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae): biogeography and revision of New World species (Caenocentron), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 (4), pp. 1341-1373 : 1365-1366

CAENOCENTRON PALLAS SCHMID, 1982

( FIG. 19A–D)

Cnodocentron ( Caenocentron) pallas Schmid, 1982: 44 . Ty p e m a t e r i a l: H o l o t y p e: PA N A M A: C a n a l Z o n e: G a m b o a, R í o A g u a S a l u d, 9°7’1 4.8 7 9 4”, – 79°42’56.88”, vii.1967, Wirth, W. W. leg., ( ♂ pinned, USNMENT1028604).

Type locality: Panama, Canal Zone, Gamboa, Rio Agua Salud; USNM; ♂. – Aguila, 1992: 537 [distribution]. – Armitage et al., 2015: 5 [checklist]. – Armitage & Cornejo, 2015: 193 [checklist]. – Holzenthal & Calor, 2017: 454 [catalogue].

Diagnosis: Cnodocentron pallas present a pair of stout spines on the ventral projection of coxopodite as in C. galesus and C. immaculatum . It can be diagnosed by presenting on the dorsal margin of coxopodite a mesal process covered with brush of setae; and by the rounded apical projection of coxopodite without spine.

Adult: Forewing length 2.75 mm ( N = 1♂). Colour (pinned) dark with three short, white, vertical bars: near the basal third of wing, at the end of cubital vein, and at pterostigma. Maxillary palp formula (I-II-III)- IV-V; segment IV shorter than sum of segments I-II- III; male tibial spurs 2-4-3, male hindleg apical spur unmodified. Venation ( Fig. 19A): forewing fork II and IV present, three anal veins present; hindwing fork II and V present, transverse vein between R1 and SR present. Abdominal sternum V with anterolateral oval region with cuticle modified and reticulate .

Male genitalia ( Fig. 19B–D): Tergum IX, in lateral view, narrow, height greater than length. Sternum IX, in lateral view, subquadrate, about as high as long, anterior margin truncate, with narrow and elongate apodeme, apical margin truncate, dorsal margin prominent; in ventral view apical margin concave. Segment X membranous, fused to paraproct. Paraproct, in lateral view, trapezoidal, dorsal margin sclerotized, without process; laterally sclerotized with spine-like setae, ventroapically rounded; in dorsal view, not fused, mid-dorsal margins not fused, meeting subapically. Pre-anal appendage, in lateral view, strongly sinuous, slender, enlarged apically. Inferior appendage coxopodite and harpago distinct. Coxopodite, in lateral view, with dorsal lobe covered by setae, median region with small setules; apical margin produced, broad, rounded; basal surface with ventral projection. Ventral projection with stout spine and rows of setae mesally and along its margin, apical setae longer; in ventral view, ventral projection with lateral setae longer, mesal setae shorter, and two strong lateral spines. Harpago, in lateral view, basal third slightly enlarged, bearing subbasal short spine and lobe with setal brush appearing derived from coxopodite. Basal plate, in lateral view, directed ventrad; in ventral view short. Phallus tubular, long and slender, base flared, reaching segment V; apex slightly enlarged.

Distribution: Panama.

CAENOCENTRON TRILINEATUM ( MOSELY, 1934)

( FIG. 20A–F)

Melanotrichia trilineata Mosely, 1934: 140 .

Xiphocentron trilineatum – Bueno-Soria & Flint, 1978: 197 [distribution].

Caenocentron ( Caenocentron) trilineatum – Schmid, 1982: 112 [checklist]. – Holzenthal & Calor, 2017: 454 [catalogue].

Type locality: Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco; BMNH; ♂. – Fischer, 1962: 234 [distribution].

Diagnosis: Caenocentron trilineatum is similar to C. ideolus by the narrow apical projection of coxopodite. It can be differentiated by the median region of coxopodite presenting two small lobular mesal processes; and paraproct with distinct lateral sclerotized ridge bearing spine-like setae.

Adult: Forewing length 3.0 mm ( N = 1♂). Colour (pinned) dark with three short white vertical bars: near the basal third of wing, at the end of cubital vein, and at pterostigma. Maxillary palp formula (I-II-III)-IV-V; segment IV shorter than sum of segments I-II-III; male tibial spurs 2-4-3, male hindleg apical spur unmodified. Venation ( Fig. 20A): forewing fork II and IV present, 3 anal veins present; hindwing fork II and V present, transverse vein between R1 and SR present. Abdominal sternum V with anterolateral oval region with cuticle modified and reticulate .

Male genitalia ( Fig. 20B–F): Tergum IX, in lateral view, narrow, height greater than length. Sternum IX, in lateral view, subquadrate, about as high as long, anterior margin truncate, with narrow and elongate apodeme, apical margin truncate, dorsal margin prominent; in ventral view, apical margin concave. Tergum X membranous, fused to paraproct. Paraproct in lateral view, trapezoidal, dorsal margin with acute process, laterally with distinct sclerotized ridge bearing spine-like setae, ventroapically acute, with subapical spines; in dorsal view, mid-dorsal margins sclerotized, not fused, meeting at mid-length. Pre-anal appendage long, slender, evenly sinuated in lateral aspect, apex slightly enlarged. Inferior appendage coxopodite and hapago distinct. Coxopodite, in lateral view, apical margin produced, narrow, acute, with subapical spine; median region with sparse short setae, and two lobular mesal processes covered with setae, one lobe smaller than other, basal surface with ventral projection. Ventral projection with row of setae mesally and along its margin, apical setae longer; in ventral view, covered with brushes of setae, sublateral and mesal setae distinctly thicker, sublateral setae longer. Harpago long, slender, base slightly enlarged, bearing subbasal spine and small setules. Phallus tubular, long and slender, base flared, reaching segment V; apex slightly enlarged.

Distribution: El Salvador; Guatemala; Mexico.

Material examined: EL SALVADOR: Los Chorros : nr. Santa Tecia, 5.vii.1966. Flint & Ortiz leg. ( ♂ pinned, USNM) .

CAENOCENTRON TRILINEATUM ( MOSELY, 1934)

( FIG. 20A–F)

Melanotrichia trilineata Mosely, 1934: 140 .

Xiphocentron trilineatum – Bueno-Soria & Flint, 1978: 197 [distribution].

Caenocentron ( Caenocentron) trilineatum – Schmid, 1982: 112 [checklist]. – Holzenthal & Calor, 2017: 454 [catalogue].

Type locality: Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco; BMNH; ♂. – Fischer, 1962: 234 [distribution].

Diagnosis: Caenocentron trilineatum is similar to C. ideolus by the narrow apical projection of coxopodite. It can be differentiated by the median region of coxopodite presenting two small lobular mesal processes; and paraproct with distinct lateral sclerotized ridge bearing spine-like setae.

Adult: Forewing length 3.0 mm ( N = 1♂). Colour (pinned) dark with three short white vertical bars: near the basal third of wing, at the end of cubital vein, and at pterostigma. Maxillary palp formula (I-II-III)-IV-V; segment IV shorter than sum of segments I-II-III; male tibial spurs 2-4-3, male hindleg apical spur unmodified. Venation ( Fig. 20A): forewing fork II and IV present, 3 anal veins present; hindwing fork II and V present, transverse vein between R1 and SR present. Abdominal sternum V with anterolateral oval region with cuticle modified and reticulate .

Male genitalia ( Fig. 20B–F): Tergum IX, in lateral view, narrow, height greater than length. Sternum IX, in lateral view, subquadrate, about as high as long, anterior margin truncate, with narrow and elongate apodeme, apical margin truncate, dorsal margin prominent; in ventral view, apical margin concave. Tergum X membranous, fused to paraproct. Paraproct in lateral view, trapezoidal, dorsal margin with acute process, laterally with distinct sclerotized ridge bearing spine-like setae, ventroapically acute, with subapical spines; in dorsal view, mid-dorsal margins sclerotized, not fused, meeting at mid-length. Pre-anal appendage long, slender, evenly sinuated in lateral aspect, apex slightly enlarged. Inferior appendage coxopodite and hapago distinct. Coxopodite, in lateral view, apical margin produced, narrow, acute, with subapical spine; median region with sparse short setae, and two lobular mesal processes covered with setae, one lobe smaller than other, basal surface with ventral projection. Ventral projection with row of setae mesally and along its margin, apical setae longer; in ventral view, covered with brushes of setae, sublateral and mesal setae distinctly thicker, sublateral setae longer. Harpago long, slender, base slightly enlarged, bearing subbasal spine and small setules. Phallus tubular, long and slender, base flared, reaching segment V; apex slightly enlarged.

Distribution: El Salvador; Guatemala; Mexico.

Material examined: EL SALVADOR: Los Chorros : nr. Santa Tecia, 5.vii.1966. Flint & Ortiz leg. ( ♂ pinned, USNM) .