PSITTACIFORMES WAGLER, 1830 STRIGOPOIDEA BONAPARTE, 1849

Wood, Jamie R., Mitchell, Kieren J., Scofield, R. Paul, Tennyson, Alan. J. D., Fidler, Andrew E., Wilmshurst, Janet M., Llamas, Bastien & Cooper, Alan, 2014, An extinct nestorid parrot (Aves, Psittaciformes, Nestoridae) from the Chatham Islands, New Zealand, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 172 (1), pp. 185-199 : 191

PSITTACIFORMES WAGLER, 1830 STRIGOPOIDEA BONAPARTE, 1849

PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES

Phylogenetic analyses unequivocally group the Chatham Islands parrot with the kaka ( Fig. 5). This node receives high support from Bayesian (Bayesian posterior probablity = 1.0), maximum-likelihood [bootstrap proportion (BS) = 99%], and parsimony (BS = 99%) approaches. Amongst the alignment sites covered by our Chatham Islands parrot contigs, the kaka and the Chatham Islands parrot share eight synapomorphic nucleotide changes whereas only a single homoplastic site is shared between the Chatham Islands parrot and the kea.

We infer the mean age of the kaka/ Chatham Islands parrot node to be 1.74 Myr [0.53–3.29 Myr 95% highest posterior density (HPD)]. Furthermore, we estimate a mean age of 5.13 Myr (2.74–7.96 Myr 95% HPD) for the divergence between the kea and kaka/ Chatham Islands parrot lineages. Our results do not appear to be biased by the inclusion of the extinct Chatham Islands parrot; analysis of the data with this taxa excluded yielded a comparable mean estimate of 4.96 Myr (2.60– 7.74 Myr 95% HPD) for the divergence between kea and kaka.