Tulipa micheliana Hoog, 1902

Tojibaev, Komiljon, Dekhkonov, Davron, Ergashov, Ibrokhimjon, Sun, Hang, Deng, Tao & Yusupov, Ziyoviddin, 2022, The synopsis of the genus Tulipa (Liliaceae) in Uzbekistan, Phytotaxa 573 (2), pp. 163-214 : 189-190

3.3. Tulipa micheliana Hoog in Gard. Chron. III, 31: 350. (1902).

Type:—figure 120, Gard. Chron. Ser.3, 31: 353 (1902) [lectotype designated by Wilford, 2013: 63].

Description:—Bulb ovoid, 2–3 cm thick; tunic coriaceous, blackish-brown, often prolonged, the inner surface hairy, more densely at the apex and at base; stem 15–40 cm long, the upper part of stem and peduncle pubescent; leaves 4 or 5, deflexed, more or less scattered, glaucous, with violet often interrupted stripes or without stripes, more or less pubescent, ciliate, undulate, gradually decreasing in size up the stem, usually not exceeding the flower; basal leaf linear-lanceolate to oblong, 2–6 cm broad; flower solitary; perigone segments red to crimson-red, equal or the outer slightly longer, 2.5–10 cm long, rather abruptly acuminate to a pubescent tip, with a narrow triangular, long, acute or 3- pointed, yellow-margined (rarely without yellow margin) black blotch, 1/3–1/2 the length of the tepal; outer segments slightly pubescent on the black, broadly rhomboidal to oblong-rhomboidal, rarely oblong-lanceolate; inner segments obtriangular or oblong, rarely oblong-lanceolate; stamens one third to two-fifths the length of perigone segments; filaments glabrous, black, at the base yellowish or red, flattened, triangular; anthers commonly violet, twice the length of filaments; pollen yellow; ovary slightly shorter than stamens, green, with sessile stigma; capsule cylindrical, 1.5–2.5 cm broad, 3–6 cm long, greenish-buff.

General distribution:—Pamir-Alay, Kopetdag ( Afghanistan, Iran, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan).

Distribution in Uzbekistan:—I-4 Nuratau district (I-4-a Nuratau region; I-4-b Aktau region; I-4-c Nuratau Relict Mountains), I-5 Kuhistan district (I-5-a North Turkestan region; I-5-a Malguzar region; I-5-d Zirabulak-Ziadin region), I-6 Western Hissar district (I-6-a Kashkadarya region; I-6-c Baysun region; I-6-b Tarkapchigay region; I-6-d Kuhitang region).

Phenology:—Flowering: April–May; fruiting: May–June.

Ecology:—Piedmont plains, clayely and stony slopes in foothills, lower and middle mountain zone, 350–1800 m a.s.l.

Etymology:—The species is named after M. Micheli (1844–1902), a Swiss botanist.

Note:—The species was described in 1902 by T. Hoog on specimens collected in 1900 by German botanist P. Sintenis near Ashkhabad ( Turkmenistan). Wilford (2013) treated this tulip as Tulipa undulatifolia var. micheliana (Hoog) Wilford. According to J.J. de Groot’s communication, T. micheliana from the Kopet-Dag and Northern Iran have a lower amount of DNA than the plants from South-Western Pamir-Alay. It shows that under the name of T. micheliana may be a group of very similar species, and further comparative studies are required.

Specimens examined:— UZBEKISTAN: Nuratau district , Nuratau region , Nuratau Range, surroundings of Kyzylcha, 10April 1951, Novikova s.n. ( TASH!) ; Kyzylcha , piedmont plains, 10April 1951, Zaprometova s.n. ( TASH!) ; mountain Zargar , 2 km NE of the village Urtasay, on the western gravelly slope, 1400 m, 11 May 1957, Momotov, Li 234 ( TASH!) ; valley 1 km to west from Kyzylcha , 11 April 1958, Galkina s.n. ( TASH!) ; northern slopes of Nuratau , Alaysay, 11 April 1958, Galkina s.n. ( TASH!) ; northern slopes, valley 2.5 km south-east of Kyzylcha , 21 April 1958, Zaprometova s.n. ( TASH!) ; northern slopes, Gachasay , 26 April 1958, Zaprometova s.n. ( TASH!) ; mountain slopes to north from Kyzylcha , 22 April 1961, Bondarenko, Butkov s.n. ( TASH!) ; piedmonts of Nuratau Range , lower reaches of valley Ukhumsay , 14 April 1994, Beshko 94001, 94002 ( Herbarium of Nuratau Nature Reserve ); western part of the Nuratau Rage, northern slope, Pistalisay, 630 m, 19 March 2013, Tojibaev, Shomurodov, Beshko, Batashov s.n. ( TASH!) ; central part of Nuratau Range , Sobsay, 1150 m, 9 May 2013, Beshko s.n. ( TASH!) ; piedmonts of Nuratau Range , between villages Egiz-Bulak and Karatash, 495 m, 25 March 2019, Beshko s.n. ( TASH!) ; Aktau region , Aktau Range, Bachiltau, lower part of slopes, 800 m, 10 May 2013, Beshko s.n. ( TASH!) ; Karatau Range , Karakarga pass, 24 April 1987, Pimenov, Vassiljeva 49 ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Karakarga pass, 730 m, 19 March 2013, Tojibaev, Shomurodov, Beshko, Batashov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Kokchatau Relic Mountains , Kokchatau, gravelly-clayey slopes, 23April 1955, Momotov, Li 24 ( TASH!) ; northern slopes of Kokchatau , surroundings of Tashkak well, 12 April 1964, Adylov, Shoraimov 2308 ( TASH!) ; Kokchatau , 23 March 1958, Adylov, Shoraimov 670 ( TASH!) ; western spurs of Kokchatau , 450 m, 22 March 2013, Tojibaev, Shomurodov, Beshko, Batashov s.n. ( TASH!) ; southern slopes of Kokchatau , 425 m, 22 March 2013, Tojibaev, Shomurodov, Beshko, Batashov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Nuratau Relic Mountains , Uchkulach, 4 April 2012, Batashov s.n. ( TASH!) ; eastern part of Pistalitau , 6 April 2012, Batashov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Balyklytau , 6 April 2012, Batashov s.n. ( TASH!) ; central part of Pistalitau , 18 March 2013, Tojibaev, Shomurodov, Beshko, Batashov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Egarbelistag , upper part of slopes, 560 m, 3 May 2013, Tojibaev, Beshko, Batashov, Azimova s.n. ( TASH!) ; Kuhistan district , North Turkestan region , Turkestan Range , Gololdnaya Steppe , between stations Shabsky and Chernyaevo, 1 April 1911, Dimo, Sprygin, Shulga 340 ( LE) ; Gololdnaya Steppe , between villages Yam and Khavast, 22 April 1957, Butkov, Maylun 62 ( TASH!) ; foothills, 3.5 km from the village Iskandar , on the way to Khavast, 28 April 1958, Butkov s.n. ( TASH!) , Maylun 272 ( TASH!) ; 4 km to south-east from railway station Ursatevskaya , 2 April 1958, Butkov 635 ( TASH!) ; Malguzar region , Malguzar Range , mountains Aktash, south-western slope near the village Sadyr-Vakas, 4 May 1931, Kasimenko 1479 ( TASH!) ; Urgut region , Zerafshan Range, surroundings of Chupanata, 18 April 1930, Merkulovich s.n. ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Amankutan , 23 April 1957, Vvedensky, Kovalevskaja, Tscherneva 176 ( TASH!) ; on the way to the pass Takhta-Karacha , 24 April 1958, Vvedensky, Kovalevskaja, Tscherneva 378 ( TASH!) ; Zirabulak-Ziadin region , mountains Malik, 13 April 1913, Sprygin 67 ( TASH!) ; low mountains of the left bank of the river Zeravshan , mountains Karatag, 24 April 1937, Evstafiev, 58, 60 ( TASH!) ; Western Hissar district , Kashkadarya region , Hissar Range, surroundings of Ishkent, southern slopes, 1200 m, 2 May 1942, Arnoldi s.n. ( TASH!) ; Baysun region , Hissar Range, between Baysun and Denau, Khodzha-Ipak, among wheat crops, 20 May 1930, Botschantzev, Vvedensky 297 ( TASH!) ; Khodzha-Ipak , 14 April 1935, Botschantzev 59 ( TASH!) ; Baysuntau , surroundings of the village Avlod, June, 1967, Dzhumaev s.n. ( TASH!) ; Baysuntau , surroundings of the village Avlod, 5 June 1971, Dzhumaev s.n. ( TASH!) ; Tarkapchigay region , Hissar Range, mountains Toychi, 15 April 1928, Lepeshkin s.n. ( TASH!) ; low mountains south-east of Guzar , limestone slopes of Nagarakhana, 4 May 1935, Lepeshkin 23, 26 ( TASH!) ; low mountains south-east of Guzar , limestone slopes of Belesy-Ipak, Toshbulak spring, 22 April 1935, Gnezdillo 58 ( TASH!) ; mountains to the north of the village Kyzylcha , 22 April 1961, Bondarenko, Butkov 34 ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Dekhkanabad , Kansay, 17 April 2008, Maltzev s.n. ( TASH!) ; Kuhitang region , Sherabad Valley, 1.5 km to south-east from Kuhitang Range, 1800 m, 1 June 1965, Kayumov s.n. ( TASH!) ; basin of the river Sherabad , 1.5 SE of the mountain Beshkyz, Susyztau, 700 m, 2 April 1965, Kayumov s.n. ( TASH!) .