Kelawakaju sahyadri Vishnudas, Maddison, & Sudhikumar, 2022

Maddison, Wayne P., Ruiz, Gustavo R. S., Ng, Paul Y. C., Vishnudas, Ettukandathil Haridas & Sudhikumar, Ambalaparambil V., 2022, Kelawakaju gen. nov., a new Asian lineage of marpissine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Marpissina), ZooKeys 1130, pp. 79-102 : 79

Kelawakaju sahyadri Vishnudas, Maddison, & Sudhikumar sp. nov.

Figs 15 , 64-72 , 82-88

Type material.

Holotype: male (AS19.4895 = NCBS IBC-BP847) in NCBS from India: Karnataka: Kodagu: Yavakapadi, Honey Valley area, 12.2224°N, 75.6553°E, 1045 m elev., 27 June 2019, W. Maddison WPM#19-083. Paratypes: Female (AS19.4934 = NCBS IBC-BP848) in NCBS with data as holotype except 12.2214°N, 75.6556°E and 1130 m elev. One male and one female in CATE from India: Kerala: along state highway 21 east of Chalakudy, 10.296°N, 76.685°E, 26 June 2021, Vishnudas & Sudhikumar CATE9826705. One female with same data but 17 July 2021.

Etymology.

From the Sanskrit for 'from the Western Ghats mountains’, where this species lives.

Diagnosis.

Embolus differs in shape from that of the similar K. leucomelas : embolus tip with retrolateral flange less distinct and smaller (Figs 64 , 66-69 ), and prolateral edge of embolus curves gently to the distal to make the embolus appear to be leaning slightly to the retrolateral (Figs 64 , 68 , 69 ). Compared to K. leucomelas , the longitudinal pale bands on body less distinct, and the carapace is narrower.

Description.

Male (based on holotype). Carapace length 3.0, width 2.1; abdomen length 3.9. Carapace: Relatively flat; area around fovea slightly depressed. Dark brown, loosely clothed with white scales below and behind PLE forming an indistinct longitudinal band on each side. Clypeus very narrow, dark, with black setae. Chelicerae diverging slightly, lacking the distinct bulge of K. frenata and K. leucomelas , but with hair-bearing tubercles. Narrow stripes of white scales form inverted V as in other Kelawakaju frenata group species (Fig. 83 ). Two promarginal and one large triangular retromarginal teeth, as in K. frenata (Fig. 8 ). Palp dark to light brown, with white scales and long white hairs. The prolateral hairs on the tibia appear as a distinct long brush projecting medially (Figs 83 , 84 ). Embolus with prolateral edge gently curved. Retrolateral flange near tip fairly large, but emerges gradually, without strong cleft near tip (Figs 66 , 67 ). Endite subrectangular, with no projection, dark brown. Legs: First leg dark to light brown, with loose patches of white setae (Figs 82 , 85 ). Posterior legs paler, darker on femora and near the joints. Length of femur I 2.0, II 1.5, III 1.4, IV 1.7; patella + tibia I 3.1, II 2.0, III 1.7, IV 2.3; metatarsus + tarsus I 2.0, II 1.5, III 1.5, IV 1.7. Leg spination reduced: femur I d1-0-0, p1-1-0, II d1-1-0, p0-0-1, III d1-1-2, 0, IV d1-1-0, 0; patella I-IV 0; tibia I v2-2-2 (asymmetrical), II v1r-1r-1p, III 0, IV 0; metatarsus I-II v2-2, III v0-0-1p, IV v0-0-1p. Abdomen narrow, dark medially, paler and mottled laterally.

Female (based on specimen NCBS IBC-BP848). Carapace length 4.0, width 2.9; abdomen length 5.0. Carapace, Clypeus as in male. Chelicerae dark, with black hairs arising from small tubercles. Two promarginal and one larger triangular retromarginal teeth. Legs: First leg darkest, but all legs have dark patches, especially the sides of the femora and near the joints. Length of femur I 2.4, II 1.9, III 1.8, IV 2.1; patella + tibia I 3.3, II 2.5, III 2.3, IV 3.3; metatarsus + tarsus I 2.1, II 1.6, III 2.0, IV 2.3. Leg spination reduced: femur I d0-1-0, p0-3-0 or 2-0, II d1-1-0, p0-0-1, III d1-1-0, p0-0-1, IV d1-1-0, 0; patella I-IV 0; tibia I v2-2-2 (asymmetrical), II v1r-1r-1p, III 0, IV 0; metatarsus I-II v2-2, III v0-0-1p, IV v0-0-1p. Abdomen long, narrow, dark medially and pale laterally. Epigyne with two crescent-shaped openings behind a pale desclerotized area (Fig. 71 ).

Natural history.

The holotype and female paratype from Kodagu were found under loose bark of large trees standing in a field, beside a small road. The specimens from Kerala were found in crevices in the bark of Swietenia mahogany trees.

Figures

Figures 10 - 15. Carapaces of Kelawakaju males 10 K. mulu holotype 11 K. intexta holotype 12 K. singapura holotype 13 K. frenata from Guangxi, Dongxing 14 K. leucomelas holotype 15 K. sahyadri holotype. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

Figures 46 - 72. Kelawakaju frenata species group, genitalia 46 - 54 K. frenata 46 male from Dongxing, palp, ventral 47 same, retrolateral 48 same, dorsal 49 male from Hong Kong, embolus, ventral 50 Simon's (1901 a) figure, reversed 51 female d 224 from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 52 second female from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 53 same, vulva, ventral 54 same, dorsal 55 - 63 K. leucomelas 55 holotype male palp, ventral 56 same, retrolateral 57 same, embolus, oblique 58 paratype male JK 13.12.10.0001, embolus, oblique 59 male JK. 19.08.18.0010, embolus, oblique 60 same, palp, retrolateral 61 same, ventral 62 female paratype JK. 20.11.13.0001, epigyne, ventral 63 same, vulva, dorsal 64 - 72 K. sahyadri 64 holotype male, palp, ventral 65 same, retrolateral 66 same, embolus, oblique 67 paratype male from Kerala, embolus, oblique 68 same, ventral 69 same, palp, ventral 70 same, retrolateral 71 paratype female AS 19.4934 epigyne, ventral 72 same vulva, dorsal. Oblique views of embolus are between ventral and prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figures 82 - 89. Kelawakaju sahyadri 82 - 85 male holotype AS 19.4895 86 - 88 female paratype AS 19.4934 89 female paratype from Kerala.

Figures 2 - 9. Chelicerae of Kelawakaju species 2 - 4 oblique view with carapace 5 - 9 ventral view 2 K. mulu male holotype 3 K. intexta male holotype 4 K. frenata male from Guangxi 5 K. mulu male holotype 6 K. intexta male holotype 7 K. singapura male holotype 8 K. frenata male from Guangxi 9 K. frenata female from Guangxi. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.