Dasyhelea flavifrons Guérin

Dominiak, Patrycja & Szadziewski, Ryszard, 2010, Distribution and new synonymy in European biting midges of the genus Dasyhelea Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Zootaxa 2437, pp. 1-37 : 13-14

Dasyhelea flavifrons Guérin

Ceratopogon flavifrons Guérin, 1833: 165 (pupa, male, female; France, breeding site – sap of elm).

Dasyhelea flavifrons: Kieffer 1919: 51 (combination, in key); Kieffer 1925c: 62 (male, female); Thienemann 1925: 105 , 108 (larva, pupa); Edwards 1926: 403 (combination); Szadziewski & Dominiak 2006: 140 (male, female, syn.: = obscurus , = versicolor , = dufouri , = hippocastani , = brevitibialis , = goetghebueri , = lignicola , = sensualis , = paludicola , = oppressa , = septuosa ; Poland, USA, breeding site – tree holes and sap of various tree species); Dominiak & Szadziewski 2006: 5 ( Poland); Dominiak et al. 2007b: 4 ( Poland).

Ceratopogon obscurus Winnertz, 1852: 45 (female, Germany).

Dasyhelea obscura: Keilin 1921: 576 (egg, larva, pupa; Great Britain, breeding site – sap of elm, horse chestnut, from Edwards personal communication: decaying roots of Angelica, sap of oak, elm, hornbeam, debris of chestnut tree, stagnant water in tree-hole of oak); Kieffer 1925c: 69 (female); Thienemann 1925: 105 , 108 (larva, pupa); Keilin 1927: 369 ( Great Britain, breeding site – sap of horse chestnut); Goetghebuer 1934a: 34 (a comparison with versicolor , breeding site – decaying roots of Angelica).

Ceratopogon versicolor Winnertz, 1852: 45 (female, Germany).

Culicoides versicolor: Goetghebuer 1914: 181 (larva, pupa).

Dasyhelea versicolor: Kieffer 1919: 50 (combination, in key); Edwards 1926: 403 ( Great Britain, breeding sites - sap of elm and other trees, roots of greater burdock); Goetghebuer 1920: 46 (male, female; Belgium, breeding site – sap of poplar); Keilin 1921: 585 ( Great Britain, breeding site - humus surrounding roots of meadowsweet); Goetghebuer 1934a: 36 (male, female, syn.: = goetghebueri , = brevitibialis , =? flavifrons , = hippocastani ; breeding site – sap of poplar); Kaczorowska 1996: 49 (larva, pupa, male, female, syn.: = hippocastani , = brevitibialis , = goetghebueri ; Poland, breeding site – sap of horse chestnut tree, white birch); Fűrst von Lieven 1998: 51 (larva, Germany, breeding site – sap of oak, horse chestnut, poplar, elm); Dominiak 2005: 5 ( Poland, breeding site – tree holes and sap of various tree species).

Ceratopogon dufouri Laboulbène, 1869: 158 (larva, pupa, male, female; France, breeding site - sap of elm).

Dasyhelea dufouri: Kieffer 1919: 51 (combination, in key); Kieffer, 1925c: 62 (male, female); Strenzke 1950: 186 (syn.: = sensualis ).

Ceratopogon hippocastani Mik, 1888: 185 (larva, pupa, male, female; Austria, breeding site – sap of horse chestnut tree).

Dasyhelea hippocastani: Kieffer 1919: 50 (combination, in key).

Dasyhelea brevitibialis Goetghebuer, 1919: 72 (unecessary new name for Culicoides versicolor , larva, pupa; Belgium, breeding site – sap of poplar); Kieffer 1925c: 67 (male, female); Thienemann 1925: 105 , 108 (larva, pupa).

Dasyhelea goetghebueri Kieffer, 1919: 53 (male, Belgium); Kieffer 1925c: 64 (male).

Dasyhelea lignicola Kieffer, 1919: 57 (male, female; Czech Republic, breeding site – hollow in a tree trunk); Thienemann 1925: 105 , 108 (larva, pupa); Goetghebuer 1934a: 33 (male, female).

Dasyhelea sensualis Kieffer, 1919: 55 (male, female; Istria, Crete); Thienemann 1925: 105 , 108 (larva, pupa); Thienemann 1950: 167 (syn.: = dufouri , Austria, breeding site – tree hole).

Dasyhelea paludicola Kieffer, 1925a: 152 (female, Estonia); Goetghebuer 1934a: 35 (female); Remm 1962: 114 (male, female; Estonia); Lukasheva 1987: 28 ( Russia: Karachay-Cherkessia; breeding site – sap of tree).

Dasyhelea geleiana: Mayer 1937: 301 ( Germany, breeding site – sap of elm). Nec D. geleiana Zilahi-Sebess, 1940 .

Dasyhelea oppressa Thomsen, 1935: 285 (female, USA: New York); Waugh & Wirth 1976: 230 (male, female; North America, breeding site – tree holes, sap of oak, elm); Graves & Graves 1985: 88 ( USA: North Carolina, breeding site – shelf fungi); Wilkening et al. 1985: 519 ( USA: Florida); Hribar & Grogan 2005: 231 ( USA: Florida Keys).

Dasyhelea septuosa Borkent in Borkent & Wirth, 1997: 58 (new name for D. obscura (Winnertz, 1852)) .

New country records. Bulgaria. Pirin, Sandanski, 12 June 1984, 1 male, leg. W. Krzemiński. Rila, Rilski Monastir, 22 July 1976, 1 male, leg. R. Szadziewski. Spain. Lloret de Mar, 1.7.1977, Biotop 70, B803, P. Havelka, 1 male. Switzerland. ( CH, NE) 551, 350/201,750, Rochefort Château, 780 m., 27.VII-01.VIII 1982, Malaise lumineuse, leg. Dufor, 1 female, (MHNN). (TL. CH) Vezia, Martino, 410 m. a.s.l., 11-17.VI.1979, Malaise lumineuse, leg. Dufor, Geiger, 1 female, (MHNN). Geneve, Chene-Bougeries, garden, 7 June 1994, net, 8 males, leg. R. Szadziewski. Ukraine. Crimea, Alupka, garden at Vorontsov's Moorish Castle, 21 May 2008, net, 2 males, leg. P. Dominiak.

Distribution. Great Britain, Estonia, Belgium, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Austria, Switzerland, France, Spain, Croatia (Istria), Greece (Crete), Bulgaria, Ukraine (Crimea), Russia (Karachay-Cherkessia), USA.

Discussion. This is a Holarctic arboreal species. The terrestrial larvae inhabit sap flows, mushrooms and tree holes.