Geocenamus tartuensis ( Krall, 1959 ) Brzeski, 1991

Ghaderi, Reza & Karegar, Akbar, 2016, One new and three known species of Geocenamus Thorne & Malek, 1968 (Nematoda: Merliniidae) from Iran, Zootaxa 4079 (2), pp. 151-178 : 158-175

Geocenamus tartuensis ( Krall, 1959) Brzeski, 1991

( Table 5 ; Fig. 4 , 5 P–T, 6 K– O, 8 A–D)

Two populations of this species were identified (see Table 5 ). This species comes close to G. paniculoides and G. siddiqii in having refractive basal extensions of the cephalic framework (see G. paniculoides for differences).

List of Geocenamus species

G. tenuidens Thorne & Malek, 1968 (type species)

= Tylenchorhynchus polonicus Szczygiel, 1970

= Merlinius polonicus ( Szczygiel, 1970) Tarjan, 1973

= Geocenamus polonicus ( Szczygiel, 1970) Sturhan, 1982

= Tylenchorhynchus arcticus Mulvey, 1969

= Geocenamus arcticus ( Mulvey, 1969) Tarjan, 1973

= Merlinius arcticus ( Mulvey, 1969) Sturhan, 1982

= Geocenamus uralensis Baydulova, 1983

G. baluchiensis ( Maqbool, Ghazala, Fatima & Qasim, 1985) Brzeski, 1991

= Scutylenchus baluchiensis Maqbool, Ghazala, Fatima & Qasim, 1985 G. boghiae Choi & Geraert, 1994

= Scutylenchus boghiae ( Choi & Geraert, 1994) Siddiqi, 2000 G. brevicaudatus ( Peng & Hunt, 1995) Brzeski, 1998

= Scutylenchus brevicaudatus Peng & Hunt, 1995 G. conicaudatus n. sp.

= Merlinius rugosus apud Hashim, 1980

Phasmid/tail % 20.1–35.3 20.4–35.6 29.2–42.3 26.5–38.2 23.0–41.3 21.0–29.8 20.2–34.2 21.7–38.9

……continued on the next page forest trees (Eghlid–Shiraz road, Fars); (2) apple (Eghlid, Fars); (3) eucalyptus (Basht, Kohgiloyeh and Boyer–Ahmad); (4) henna (Lamerd, Fars); (5) walnut (Yasouj–Shiraz road, Kohgiloyeh and Boyer–Ahmad); (6) unknown tree (Yasouj–Shiraz road, Kohgiloyeh and Boyer–Ahmad); (7) wild grapevine (Uramanat, Sarvabad, Kurdistan); (8) wheat (Kerman– Sirjan road, Kerman); (9) unknown forest shrub (Dasht–e–Arzhan village, Shiraz, Fars); (10) wheat (Joyum village, Jahrom–Shiraz road, Fars); (11) citrus (Fasa–Darab road, Fars); (12) –vetch (Asepas village, Eghlid–Shiraz road, Fars); (13) wheat (Hormuj village, Jahrom–Shiraz road, Fars); (14) barley (Khash, Sistan and Baluchistan); (15) wheat (Runiz, Estahban,); (16) meadow (Gachsaran, Kohgiloyeh and Boyer–Ahmad); (17) alfalfa (Kaftarak, Shiraz, Fars); (18) wheat (Shiraz–Jahrom road, Fars); (19) including 12 other populations as follows: wheat (Genaveh–Boushehr road, Boushehr); tamarind (Sarbaz, Sistan and Baluchistan); turfgrass (Badjgah, Shiraz, Fars); grapevine (Shiraz–Nourabad road, Fars); corn Nourabad, Fars); corn (Eghlid, Fars); oak (Nourabad–Shiraz road, Fars); wheat (Ghaemieh–Nourabad road, Fars); wheat (Marvdasht, Fars); wheat (Yasouj–Sisakht road, Kohgiloyeh Boyer–Ahmad); oak (Yasouj–Shiraz road, Kohgiloyeh and Boyer–Ahmad) and tomato ( Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan).

Ivanοva 1968 Andrassy 1980

Character\Pοpulatiοn Present study Siddiqi 1963 Lοοf 1978 Mulk 1978

G. cylindricaudatus G. apricus 188♀ 2♂ 3♀?♀ 20♀ 5♀?♀

815 (622-1022) 680-740 800-900 770-900 730-940 840-1030 660-710 30.5 (24.2-41.3) 30.2-30.2 30-32 28-32 - 31-36 30-32 5.3 (4.3-6.4) 5.8-6.0 4.4-5.1 5.0-5.8 - 5.4-6.1 4.1-4.8 15.7 (12.8-19.1) 14.4-14.9 15.5 14-16 - 15.0-17.5 12.4-13.0 2.9 (2.2-4.1) 3.0-3.2 3.0 - 2.6-3.1 2.6-3.1 3.7-4.0 56.2 (51.5-60.4) - 55-56 57-60 52-58 52-56 53-55

Stylet 22.0 (20.0-25.8) 17.5-17.5 23 22-24 20-23 22-23 20-22 51.0 (44.7-55.9) 47.4-48.6 - - - - -

Pharynx 153 (126-183) 117-123 - - 143-168 172-178 -

- 46.9-48.6 - - 43-47 42-44 -

E. pοre 127 (107-151) 99-102 - - - - -

length 52.1 (39.1-67.4) 45.6-51.4 - - 43-59 - -

26.9 (19.7-33.2) 22.5-24.5 - - 23-37 - -

annuli 26.2 (20-35) - - - 19-28 22-31 33-35

Phasmid⁄tail % 30.0 (17.9-42.4) 32.2-42.8 - - 30-35 - -

Spicules - 21.6-22.8 - - - - -

Gubernaculum - 7.1-9.4 - - - - -

……continued on the next page Character\Pοpulatiοn Present study Brzeski 1968 Brzeski 1991 Naseri et al. 2008

22♀ 12♂ 12♀ 10♂ 37♀ 14♂ 15♀ 5♂ ……continued on the next page

LFI: number of incisures in each lateral field; LS: number of longitudinal striae (UN: longitudinal striae are present, but unknown in number; + and – after data mean ‘more than’ and

less than’, respectively); Tail terminus shape (BR: bluntly rounded; H: hemispherical; NR: narrowly rounded; SH: subhemispherical); TTS: tail terminus striation (S: striated; IS:

irregularly striated; N: non–striated).

G. deserticola ( Ivanova & Shagalina, 1983) Fortuner & Luc, 1987 = Hexadorus deserticola Ivanova & Shagalina, 1983

G. dongtingensis Xu, Xie, Zhao, Zhang & Su, 2012

G. hexincisus ( Jairajpuri & Baqri, 1968) Brzeski, 1991

= Scutylenchus hexincisus ( Jairajpuri & Baqri, 1968) Siddiqi, 1979 = Tylenchorhynchus hexincisus Jairajpuri & Baqri, 1968 = Merlinius hexincisus ( Jairajpuri & Baqri, 1968) Siddiqi, 1970 G. khashanicus Volkova, 1995

G. koreanus ( Choi & Geraert, 1971) Brzeski, 1991 = Scutylenchus koreanus ( Choi & Geraert, 1971) Siddiqi, 1979 = Merlinius koreanus Choi & Geraert, 1971

G. laminatus ( Wu, 1969) Brzeski, 1991

= Scutylenchus laminatus ( Wu, 1969) Anderson & Ebsary, 1982 = Tylenchorhynchus laminatus Wu, 1969

= Merlinius laminatus ( Wu, 1969) Siddiqi, 1970 = Scutylenchus laminatus ( Wu, 1969) Siddiqi, 1986

G. lenorus ( Brown, 1956) Brzeski, 1991

= Scutylenchus lenorus ( Brown, 1956) Siddiqi, 1979

= Tylenchorhynchus lenorus Brown, 1956

= Merlinius lenorus ( Brown, 1956) Siddiqi, 1970 G. longus ( Wu, 1969) Tarjan, 1973

= Tylenchorhynchus longus Wu, 1969

= Scutylenchus longus ( Wu, 1969) Skwiercz, 1984 = Merlinius longus ( Wu, 1969) Sturhan, 1982

= Pathotylenchus longus ( Wu, 1969) Eroshenko & Volkova, 1987

= Geocenamus longus ( Wu, 1969) Brzeski, 1991

G. mamillatus ( Tobar Jiménez, 1966) Brzeski, 1991

= Scutylenchus mamillatus ( Tobar Jiménez, 1966) Jairajpuri, 1971

= Tylenchorhynchus mamillatus Tobar Jiménez, 1966

= Merlinius mamillatus ( Tobar Jiménez, 1966) Anderson, 1977 G. myungsugae Choi & Geraert, 1994

= Scutylenchus myungsugae ( Choi & Geraert, 1994) Siddiqi, 2000 G. ordinarius Volkova, 1993

G. paniculoides ( Vovlas & Esser, 1990) Brzeski, 1998

= Merlinius paniculoides Vovlas & Esser, 1990

= Scutylenchus paniculoides ( Vovlas & Esser, 1990) Siddiqi, 2000 G. patternus Eroshenko & Volkova, 1987

G. quadrifer ( Andrássy, 1954) Brzeski, 1991

= Tylenchorhynchus quadrifer Andrássy, 1954

= Merlinius quadrifer ( Andrássy, 1954) Siddiqi, 1970

= Scutylenchus quadrifer ( Andrássy, 1954) Siddiqi, 1979

= Tylenchorhynchus ornatus Allen, 1955

= Merlinius ornatus ( Allen, 1955) Siddiqi, 1970

= Scutylenchus ornatus ( Allen, 1955) Siddiqi, 1986 G. rugosus ( Siddiqi, 1963) Brzeski, 1991

= Tylenchorhynchus rugosus Siddiqi, 1963

= Merlinius rugosus ( Siddiqi, 1963) Siddiqi, 1970

= Scutylenchus rugosus ( Siddiqi, 1963) Siddiqi, 1979

= Tylenchorhynchus cylindricaudatus Ivanova, 1968

= Scutylenchus cylindricaudatus ( Ivanova, 1968) Siddiqi, 1979

= Merlinius cylindricaudatus ( Ivanova, 1968) Siddiqi, 1970

= Scutylenchus apricus Andrássy, 1980

= Merlinius apricus ( Andrássy, 1980) Fortuner & Luc, 1987

= Scutylenchus quettensis Maqbool, Ghazala & Fatima, 1984

= Merlinius quettensis ( Maqbool, Ghazala & Fatima, 1984) Brzeski, 1991

= Geocenamus quettensis ( Maqbool, Ghazala & Fatima, 1984) Brzeski, 1991

= Scutylenchus fici Farooq & Fatema, 1994

= Geocenamus fici ( Farooq & Fatema, 1994) Brzeski, 1998 G. seonunensis Choi & Kim, 2001

G. siddiqii ( Mulk, 1978) Brzeski, 1991

= Merlinius siddiqii Mulk, 1978

= Scutylenchus siddiqii ( Mulk, 1978) Skwiercz, 1984 G. s o b o l ev i ( Mukhina, 1970) Brzeski, 1991

= Tylenchorhynchus sobolevi Mukhina, 1970

= Merlinius sobolevi ( Mukhina, 1970) Tarjan, 1973

= Scutylenchus sobolevi ( Mukhina, 1970) Siddiqi, 1979 G. sphaerocephalus ( Ivanova, 1982) Brzeski, 1991

= Scutylenchus sphaerocephalus Ivanova, 1982

= Merlinius sphaerocephalus ( Ivanova, 1982) Fortuner & Luc, 1987 G. squamatus Eroshenko & Volkova, 1988

G. stegus ( Thorne & Malek, 1968) Brzeski, 1991

= Tylenchorhynchus stegus Thorne & Malek, 1968

= Merlinius stegus ( Thorne & Malek, 1968) Siddiqi, 1970

= Scutylenchus stegus ( Thorne & Malek, 1968) Siddiqi, 1979 G. tartuensis ( Krall, 1959) Brzeski, 1991

= Tylenchorhynchus tartuensis Krall, 1959

= Merlinius tartuensis ( Krall, 1959) Siddiqi, 1970

= Scutylenchus tartuensis ( Krall, 1959) Siddiqi, 1979 G. tessellatus ( Goodey, 1952) Brzeski, 1991

= Tylenchorhynchus tessellatus Goodey, 1952

= Merlinius tessellatus ( Goodey, 1952) Siddiqi, 1970

= Scutylenchus tessellatus ( Goodey, 1952) Siddiqi, 1979 G. thomasi ( Skwiercz, 1984) Brzeski, 1991

= Scutylenchus thomasi Skwiercz, 1984

= Merlinius thomasi ( Skwiercz, 1984) Fortuner & Luc, 1987 G. tumensis ( Skwiercz, 1984) Brzeski, 1991

= Scutylenchus tumensis Skwiercz, 1984

= Merlinius tumensis ( Skwiercz, 1984) Fortuner & Luc, 1987 G. variabilis ( Ivanova & Shagalina, 1983) Brzeski, 1991

= Scutylenchus variabilis Ivanova & Shagalina, 1983

= Merlinius variabilis ( Ivanova & Shagalina, 1983) Fortuner & Luc, 1987 G. v a r i a n s ( Thorne & Malek, 1968) Brzeski, 1991

= Tylenchorhynchus varians Thorne & Malek, 1968

= Merlinius varians ( Thorne & Malek, 1968) Siddiqi, 1970

= Merlinius varians ( Thorne & Malek, 1968) Khan & Saeed, 1988

= Nagelus varians ( Thorne & Malek, 1968) Siddiqi, 1986

= Scutylenchus varians ( Thorne & Malek, 1968) Khan & Saeed, 1988

Figures

FIGURE 4. Geocenamus tartuensis from Iran; A, C – E, G & I – L (female), B, F & H (male). A & B: Pharyngeal region; C – F: Anterior end; G: Part of reproductive system; H, K & L: Tail; I: Cross section at mid-body; J: Cuticle and lateral field.

FIGURE 5. Anterior end of Geocenamus species from Iran; A – D, F – I, K – N & P – S (female), E, J, O & T (male). A – E: G. conicaudatus n. sp.; F – J: G. rugosus; K – O: G. paniculoides; P – T: G. tartuensis. All scale-bars = 10 µm.

Tables

TABLE 5. Mοrphοmetric characters οf Geocenamus tartuensis frοm Iran (measurements are in μm).

Character\Pοpulatiοn (1) (2) n 18♀ 4♀	Τοtal 22♀	Cv	Τοtal 12♂	Cv
L 745-977 802-947	847 ± 60.4 (745-977)	7.1	777 ± 44.1 (714-848)	5.7
a 25.9-33.9 27.4-30.5	30.1 ± 2.1 (25.9-33.9)	7.1	30.4 ± 3.9 (25.4-37.2)	13.0
b 5.0-6.2 5.3-6.2	5.5 ± 0.3 (5.0-6.2)	5.7	5.2 ± 0.3 (4.7-5.8)	5.8
c 14.1-18.1 14.7-17.4	16.3 ± 1.2 (14.1-18.1)	7.5	13.7 ± 1.0 (12.6-15.9)	7.6
c' 2.1-3.3 2.6-3.0	2.7 ± 0.3 (2.1-3.3)	10.2	3.3 ± 0.3 (2.8-3.9)	10.1
v 51.2-56.3 52.6-56.5	54.2 ± 1.3 (51.2-56.5)	2.4	-	-
Stylet 20.6-24.1 22.6-23.1	22.6 ± 0.9 (20.6-24.1)	4.0	21.6 ± 1.0 (20.0-22.8)	4.7
m 47.6-52.3 47.6-51.5	49.6 ± 1.5 (47.6-52.3)	3.0	49.4 ± 1.9 (46.0-53.2)	3.8
Pharynx 140-175 149-152	153 ± 8.4 (140-175)	5.5	150 ± 9.3 (134-161)	6.2
MB 46.4-52.3 47.7-51.0	49.1 ± 1.4 (46.4-52.3)	2.9	49.3 ± 1.1 (47.8-50.7)	2.2
S. E. pοre 109-132 119-132	122 ± 6.5 (109-132)	5.3	115 ± 6.0 (107-124)	5.2
Basal bulb length 25.8-37.2 27.2-32.4	30.8 ± 3.2 (25.8-37.2)	10.5	27.9 ± 2.2 (24.6-32.0)	7.8
Basal bulb width 11.9-15.8 14.0-15.5	14.1 ± 1.0 (11.9-15.8)	6.9	12.9 ± 0.7 (11.8-14.2)	5.7
Head-vulva 411-529 434-498	459 ± 30.0 (411-529)	6.5	-	-
Τail length 41.2-62.2 49.1-60.5	52.2 ± 5.4 (41.2-62.2)	10.3	56.7 ± 3.8 (48.0-60.8)	6.7
BW 25.0-31.0 26.4-32.0	28.2 ± 1.9 (25.0-32.0)	6.7	25.9 ± 2.8 (21.8-31.3)	10.7
Annuli width 1.8-2.7 1.8-2.5	2.1 ± 0.2 (1.8-2.7)	11.0	2.1 ± 0.2 (1.7-2.4)	10.5
Τail annuli 19-32 25-33	26.6 ± 3.3 (19-33)	12.2	-	-
Phasmid⁄tail % 25.6-46.8 23.1-33.9	31.8 ± 6.2 (23.1-46.8)	19.6	36.5 ± 3.2 (29.9-42.1)	8.7
Spicules - -	-	-	26.5 ± 1.8 (22.5-29.5)	6.8
Gubernaculum - -	-	-	9.4 ± 1.0 (7.2-11.0)	10.4
(1) fruit tree seedlings (Marivan, Kurdistan); (2) tοbbacο (Marivan, Kurdistan).