Dosima fascicularis (Ellis & Solander, 1786)

Pitriana, Pipit, Valente, Luis, von Rintelen, Thomas, Jones, Diana S., Prabowo, Romanus E. & von Rintelen, Kristina, 2020, An annotated checklist and integrative biodiversity discovery of barnacles (Crustacea, Cirripedia) from the Moluccas, East Indonesia, ZooKeys 945, pp. 17-83 : 17

Dosima fascicularis (Ellis & Solander, 1786) Figure 4a-c , Table 1: species no. 12

Lepas fascicularis Ellis & Solander, 1786: 197, tab. 15 fig. 6; Darwin 1852: 92, pl. 1 fig. 6.

Lepas fascicularis aurivillii Nilsson-Cantell, 1921: 238, fig. 40b.

Lepas cygnea Spengler, 1790: pl. 6 fig. 8.

Pentalasmis spirulicola , P. donovani Leach, 1818: 413.

Pentalasmis fascicularis : Brown 1844: pl. 51 fig. 2.

Lepas fasciculatus : Pilsbry 1907: 81, pl. IX fig.6.

Lepas (Dosima) fascicularis : Weisbord 1979: 28, pl. 2 figs 10-11; Jones et al. 1990: 8.

Dosima fascicularis : Gray 1825: 100; Zevina 1982: 21, fig. 11.

Material examined.

Ambon Island: 19 specimens, MZB Cru Cir 048, Tial, 3°38'10.2"S, 128°20'46.9"E, coll. Adin, 19 Sep 2017.

GenBank accession numbers.

COI gene (MK995371), 18S (MK981385).

Diagnosis.

The only pelagic barnacle with its own gas-filled float; plates very thin and paper-like; carina angle bent with a prominent umbo and expanded basal disk; cirri acanthopod.

Description.

Five capitular plates, white, thin, delicate, wide interspaces between dark purple; base of carina almost round, not imbedded in membrane, distinct angle formed at sub-central carinal umbo peduncle short, naked (Fig. 4a ); five filamentary appendages located at base of cirri on each side of body; caudal appendages small, smooth, summits rounded; mandible with five teeth (Fig. 4c ); penis hirsute. Ranges of diameter of capitulum base 4.0-6.8 mm; capitular height 10.5-17.1 mm; total height 11.7-19.5 mm; scutal width 5.4-7.3 mm; scutal length 8.1-11.1 mm; tergal width 2.7-4.4 mm; tergal length 6.2-11.1 mm (measurements for six specimens are presented in Suppl. material 1: Table S3).

Distribution.

Dosima fascicularis is cosmopolitan in tropical and temperate seas ( Jones and Hosie 2016). While it has been reported found at New Zealand, South Africa and South America ( Newman and Ross 1971). In the present study, D. fascicularis was found at Ambon Island at Tial (floating in water at the beach) (a map with the occurrence of Dosima fascicularis in the Moluccas is shown in Suppl. material 1: Fig. S2).

Remarks.

Dosima fascicularis is the only pelagic barnacle that produces its own gas-filled float enabling it to sustain itself on the sea surface ( Weisbord 1979). Dosima can also be distinguished from members of the genus Lepas by the distinct angle formed at the sub-central umbo of the carina, and by very thin and brittle plates ( Hinojosa et al. 2006).

Figures

Figure 4. Dosima fascicularis (Ellis & Solander, 1786) (MZB Cru Cir 048 - 19) a side view showing the capitulum and peduncle b maxillule c mandible. Scale bars: 5 mm (a); 0.5 mm (b-c).