Dicranolasmatidae Simon, 1879a

SCHÖNHOFER, AXEL L., 2013, Axel L. Schönhofer, Zootaxa 3679 (1), pp. 1-68 : 22-23

Family Dicranolasmatidae Simon, 1879a

Dicranolasmatinae Simon, 1879a: 290 (compr. Dicranolasma , Amopaum ); type genus Dicranolasma Sørensen, 1873 as inferable from the stem of the family name (ICZN 11.7.1.1);— Šilhavý, 1967: 176 (compr. Dicranolasma , genera of the Ortholasmatinae established later).

Dicranolasmidae— Pocock 1902: 509 (contains only Dicranolasma ); Gruber 1974b: 34.

Dicranolasmatidae — Gruber 1974b: 36.

Genus Dicranolasma Sørensen, 1873 (16 species)

Dicranolasma Sørensen, 1873: 516 ; type species Opilio scaber Herbst, 1799 by subsequent designation ( Martens 1978: 152);— Gruber 1974b: 34.

Amopaum Sørensen, 1873: 517 ; type species Amopaum spinipalpe Sørensen, 1873 by monotypy;—syn. Dahl 1903: 282.

Dicranalasma — Goodnight & Goodnight 1944: 3 (misspelling).

Remarks. Sørensen (1873: 516) assigned scabrum as type species for Dicranolasma , while he used a specimen of opilionoides for the morphological delineation of his genus. Thorell recognised additional species, also D. opilionoides , but confirmed the type species as scabrum (1876: 467) . Later, Šilhavý (1956a) cited opilionoides as type, but without reference to ICZN 70.3.2 or further explanation, not qualifying this act as correcting the type species to the species used for the genus definition (ICZN 70.3). Martens (1978: 152; in reference to J. Gruber) suggested to use the original species scabrum sensu Herbst (1799) as type, which is in agreement with ICZN 70.3.1., and should be followed. Martens (1978) stabilised the situation further by redefining scabrum , giving a thorough description and specifying its type locality.

Etymology. Gender neuter; Greek from „di” (two) “kranion” (head) and “elasma” (plate), referring to the bifurcate head cap carrying the eyes and appearing like a split head.

apuanum Marcellino, 1971: 368; loc. typ.: Italy, Alpi Apuane, Pizzo Baldozzana.

cretaeum Gruber, 1998: 524; loc. typ.: Greece, Crete, Nomos Rethímnis, Perama.

cristatum Thorell, 1876 ; Italy, Florence.

Dicranolasma cristatum Thorell, 1876: 506 ;— Martens 1978: 160 (redescr.).

giljarovi Šilhavý, 1966b: 153; loc. typ.: Russia, Krasnodar, Krasnaja Poljana.

hirtum Loman, 1894 : loc. typ.: Sumatra (erroneous; see Remarks).

Dicranolasma hirtum Loman, 1894: 156 ;— Chemini 1995: 4.

Dicranolasma diomedeum Kulczy ṅski, 1907: 583; syn. n. by J. Gruber (see Remarks).

Dicranolasma napoli Goodnight & Goodnight, 1944: 3 ;—syn. Brignoli 1968: 288 (with diomedeum ).

Dicranolasma diomedaeum — Brignoli 1968: 285 (misspelling).

Remarks. According to J. Gruber (pers. comm.) D. diomedeum has to be considered as a junior synonym of D. hirtum , and this nomenclatural act is here attributed to him. While the type locality of D. hirtum (Sumatra) is obviously an error, Gruber suggested considering “Southern Italy ” as the real type locality. A narrower definition is proposed here, using the type locality of D. diomedeum ( Italy, Tremiti Islands, S. Domino) for D. hirtum . Chemini (1995: 4) probably learned from Gruber about the synonymy and listed only D. hirtum .

hoberlandti Šilhavý, 1956b: 32; loc. typ.: Turkey, East Taurus, Suluhan.

kurdistanum Staręga, 1970: 475; loc. typ.: Iraq, Kurdistan, Erbil, Salahaddin.

mladeni Karaman, 1990: 144 ; loc. typ.: Montenegro, Manastir Morača.

opilionoides (L. Koch, 1867) ; loc. typ.: Greece, Corfu.

Trogulus opilionoides L. Koch, 1867: 883 .

Amopaum spinipalpe Sørensen, 1873: 518 ;—syn. Dahl 1903: 291.

Dicranolasma kettyi Marcellino, 1968: 122 ;—syn. Gruber 1998: 535.

Dicranolasma kettyae — Staręga 1970: 276 (misspelling).

pauper Dahl, 1903 ; loc. typ.: Italy, NW of Lake Garda.

Dicranolasma pauper Dahl, 1903: 290 ;— Martens 1978: 161 (redescr.).

ponticum Gruber, 1998: 513; loc. typ.: Turkey, Vilayet Ordu, ca. 5 km NE Ulubey.

ressli Gruber, 1998: 507; loc. typ.: Turkey, Vilayet Konya, Sultandağ W AkŞehir.

scabrum ( Herbst, 1799) ; loc. typ.: Hungary. Remarks. Martens (1978: 156) redefined the type locality to be Romania, Sibiu, which was within the borders of Hungary in 1799 .

Opilio scaber Herbst, 1799: 15 .

Dicranolasma scabrum — Sørensen 1873: 516; Martens 1978: 153 (redescr.).

Dicranolasma schmidti Hadži, 1928: 11 ;—syn. Martens 1978: 153. Remarks. Martens (1978) stated to have received information from J. Gruber that led to this synonymisation.

soerensenii Thorell, 1876 ; loc. typ.: France, Nice. Remarks. Changing the original spelling “ soerensenii ” is prohibited (ICZN 33.4).

Dicranolasma soerensenii Thorell, 1876: 505 .

Dicranolasma latifrons Simon, 1879a: 295 ;—syn. Martens 1978: 157.

Dicranolasma wiehlei Kraus, 1959: 295 ;—syn. Martens 1978: 157. Remarks. Martens (1978) stated to have received information from J. Gruber that led to this synonymisation.

Dicranolasma soerenseni — Marcellino 1980: 325 and most subsequent authors (incorrect subsequent spelling).

thracium Staręga, 1976 ; loc. typ.: Bulgaria, Isval near Čirpan.

Dicranolasma thracium Staręga, 1976: 308 — Gruber 1998: 498. Remarks. Staręga (1976) stated D. thracium to be a nomen nudum and to be formally described by Gruber, but provided characters qualifying a description. Gruber (1980) later accepted Staręga as author (ICZN 50), designated a lectotype and depicted more typical penes of the species.

verhoeffi Dahl, 1903: 291; loc. typ.: not specified by Dahl (1903). Gruber (in Moritz 1971: 213) designated a lectotype from Southern Herzegovina, thereby fixing the type locality.