Abies

Rahman, A. U., Ullah, Z., Qureshi, R., Burslem, D. F. R. P. & Mashwani, Z. U. R., 2022, Composition and structure of plant communities in the Moist Temperate Forest Ecosystem of the Hindukush Mountains, Pakistan, Brazilian Journal of Biology (e 266637) 82, pp. 1-14 : 5

3.4. Abies - Parrotiopsis - Poa community (APP)

This community was distributed from 2092-3095m, latitude (35°08’15.23”- 35°09’39.83”N) and longitude (72°23’39.01” - 72°20’59.96 “E).The leading species of APP community were A-pindrow, P-jacquemontiana and P-alpina having importance values 107.1, 70.3 and 38.9 respectively. The second most diagnostic tree species were Quercus dilatata (74.3 IVI) and Pinus wallichiana (123.2 IVI).The second most leading shrubby plant species were Viburnum grandiflorum (19.9 IVI), Juniperus communis (25.9 IVI) and Rhamnus purpurea (23.2 IVI),while herbs were Poa nemoralis (13.7 IVI), Valariana jatamansi (10.2 IVI), Agrostis tenella (10.2 IVI), Filipendula ulmaria (9.3 IVI), Aconitum violaceum (8.4 IVI), Anaphalis nepelnsis (2.4 IVI), Ipomoea hederacea (8.3 IVI) and Poa annua (8.2 IVI). Very rare species of APP were Gagea elegans (3.4 IVI), Gallium asplenioides (3.4 IVI), Justicia adhatoda (3.3 IVI), Arisaema flavum (3.1 IVI) and Swertia ciliate (3.0 IVI).The soil was mostly silt loam that contained 3.9-2.5% organic matter,9.3-2.4% calcium carbonate,167.23- 71.34 mg /Kg potassium, 0.6-0.17% nitrogen, 2.3- 1.84 mg / Kg phosphorus and 4.9-6.1 pH. Soil content with silt, clay and sand were 53.5-37.9%, 6.3-2.9%, 21.5-15.6% respectively. Grazing was low while deforestation pressure was slightly moderate (Supplementary material 1).