Dysphania himalaica Uotila, Willdenowia 43(1): 68 (2013).

Sukhorukov, Alexander P., Liu, Pei-Liang & Kushunina, Maria, 2019, Taxonomic revision of Chenopodiaceae in Himalaya and Tibet, PhytoKeys 116, pp. 1-141 : 54-56

2. Dysphania himalaica Uotila, Willdenowia 43(1): 68 (2013).

Chenopodium himalaicum Klimesh in herb. PRA (nomen). Holotype. INDIA, [Jammu & Kashmir], Ladakh, Region Indus valley, Stot (E) [Stod River valley], Nyi [Nior Nis; Njurnis] to Neboche, 33°28'13"N, 78°14'25"E, 4600-4700 m a.s.l., 2 Sep 2005, code 05-29-16, L. Klimeš 6175 (PRA! isotypes (5) PRA! H1758789!).

= Neobotrydium longii [langii] G.L.Zhu in Zhu & Sanderson, Gen. & New Evol. System World Chenopod.: 334 (2017), syn. nov. Holotype. CHINA, Tibet [Xizang], Mami division, Gaize Xian ( Gêrzê County), Chacuo, 4500 m a.s.l., 8 Sep 1976, K.-Y. Long [Lang] 10153 (PE00511004!).

Taxonomic notes.

During the last visit of the first author (AS) to the herbarium of the Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (PE) in early 2017, the type of Neobotrydium longii had not yet been selected and the specimen without a new determination was kept with all other Dysphania in a folder under the old name " Chenopodium foetidum ". The synonymisation of N. longii [langii, named after K.-Y. Lang] with D. himalaica is made here for the first time based on the re-identification of specimen PE00511004 by AS.

Description.

Annual up to 15(20) cm, mostly branched from the base. Leaves appressed to the stem, short-petiolate, up to 4.0 × 1.0 cm, narrowly oblong or lanceolate, entire, sinuous or slightly lobate, green, with scattered simple hairs and subsessile yellow glands. Inflorescence leafy in the lower part, covered with short, semi-appressed white simple hairs (up to 0.4 mm long) and scattered subsessile yellow glands. Perianth segments (4)5, 0.9-1.2 × 0.25-0.40 mm, almost free, somewhat swollen near midrib with a short, white or reddish mucro(s) at the tip, their dorsal part with stout simple hairs (up to 0.15 mm), often red at the segment tips and scattered glands up to 0.1 mm (Fig. 20C ). Pericarp whitish, minutely papillate, separating from the seed (Fig. 20D ). Fruit 0.7-0.9 × 0.7 mm, subspherical; seed reddish, keeled; embryo vertical or sometimes horizontal (spatial heterospermy).

Habitat.

Gravelly slopes and ruderal sites at elevations of 3000-4900 m a.s.l.

Phenology.

Flowering: August-September; fruiting: September-October.

Distribution.

See Fig. 21 .

Specimens examined.

CHINA: Xizang: Ngari Prefecture: Gêrzê (Gaize) County, 4250 m a.s.l., Aug 1972, Li 069 (PE00510701, PE00510702); Gêrzê (Gaize) County, Datan, 4450 m a.s.l., 6 Sep 1974, Biological Institute Tibet Expedition Team 4295 (XJBI00005533); Gêrzê (Gaize) County, 4500 m a.s.l., 8 Sep 1976, K.-Y. Lang 10153 (PE00511004! holotype of Neobotrydium longii ); Gê’gyai (Geji) County, Yanhu District, 4350-4500 m a.s.l., Aug 1977, Qinghai-Tibet Team Vegetation Group 13531 (PE00235088); Nagqu Prefecture: [Nyima (Nima) County] Changthang, Dangra Yum Tso, 30°43'N, 86°35'E, 4590 m a.s.l., 9 Sep 2003, G. & S. Miehe 03-081-05 (herb. Miehe); [Nyima (Nima) County] Changthang, S of Dangra Yum Tso, Targo river S of Targo Shang, 30°35'N, 86°39'E, 4765 m a.s.l., 10 Sep 2003, G. & S. Miehe 03-089-01 (KAS); [Amdo (Anduo) County] Lake Xiketang, 32°03'N, 90°40'E, 4720 m a.s.l., 15 Aug 2005, Nölling & Hanspach NX05-108-01 (herb. Miehe); Xigazê Prefecture: Upper Arun valley, N of Xegar (Tingri), 28°37'N, 87°10'E, 5 Oct 1989, B. Dickoré 5919 (KAS) & 5922 (MSB144244); Side valley, N of Nyalam, Koya, 28°22'N, 86°02'E, 4460 m a.s.l., 24 Aug 1999, G. & S. Miehe & Koch 99-150-28 (herb. Miehe); New Tingri, 28°35'N, 86°38'E, 4400 m a.s.l., 1 Sep 1999, S. & G. Miehe & Koch 99-189-08 (herb. Miehe); [Saga County] Upper Yarlung Tsangpo, 29°12'N, 86°16'E, 4850 m a.s.l., 31 Aug 2003, G. & S. Miehe 03-057-18 (herb. Miehe); [Ngamring (Angren) County] Raka Tsangpo valley, 29°30'N, 86°17'E, 4760 m a.s.l., 2 Sep 2003, G. & S. Miehe 03-062-24 (herb. Miehe); [Saga County] Saga Dzong, Upper Yarlug Tsangpo, 29°21'N, 85°14'E, 28 Aug 2003, G. & S. Miehe 03-043-23 (KAS); Lhasa City: NE of Lhasa, Reting Monastery, 30°18'N, 91°31'E, 4300 m a.s.l., 10 Sep 1995, G.& S. Miehe 95-49-10 (herb. Miehe); Nyêmo (Nimu) County, Yarlung Tsangpo gorge, 29°21'N, 89°59'E, 4300 m a.s.l., 7 Sep 1998, G. & S. Miehe 98-09205 & 98-09412 (herb. Miehe); [Damxung (Dangxiong) County] Lake Namtso, 30°55'N, 90°58'E, 4760 m a.s.l., 1 Sep 2005, Nölling & Hanspach NX05-188-06 (herb. Miehe); Shannan Prefecture: [ Nagarzê (Langkazi) County] Yamco Yumco (Yamzho Yumco, the Yamdrok Lake), Dzamtshu, 28°58'N, 90°27'E, 4450 m a.s.l., 12 Sep 1995, G. & S. Miehe 95-52-22 (herb. Miehe); Nyingchi Prefecture: [Mainling (Milin) County] Lower Tsangpo valley, Tsela Dzong, 29°21'N, 94°21'E, 3050 m a.s.l., 25 Sep 1989, B. Dickoré 5748 (MSB144246);

INDIA: Jammu & Kashmir: [nr Parang river] Haule, 14000 ft a.s.l., 17 Sep 1847, T.T. Thomson s.n. (K); Leh, Angkung to Puga, 33°14'N, 78°16'E, 4550 m a.s.l., 8 Sep 1999, code 99-27-9, L. Klimeš 778 (H, PRA); Kiameri La to Rumtse vill. along Kyammar Lungpa, 33°35'N, 77°49'E, 4350 m a.s.l., 15 Sep 1999, code 99-34-3, L. Klimeš 830 (H, PRA); Rupshu Region, Samad Rakchan, Polokong ka valley, 33°16'24"N, 78°6'6"E, 4660-4750 m a.s.l., 5 Aug 2001, code 01-8-11, L. Klimeš 1255 (PRA); Zhung (Leh), Gya to Lato, 33°40'2"N, 77°43'9"E, 4060-4070 m a.s.l., 5 Sep 2001, code 01-38-12, L. Klimeš 1539 (PRA); Samad Rakchan, Thangmar, 33°20'4"N, 78°1'8"E, 4590 m a.s.l., 5 Aug 2001, code 01-8-8, L. Klimeš 1271 (PRA); Ladakh, Rumtse, 4220-4230 m a.s.l., 5 Sep 2001, L. Klimeš 1582 (PRA); Indus valley, Zhung (Leh), Chogdo to Chukirmo, 33°49'24"N, 77°38'9"E, 4180-4310 m a.s.l., 8 Sep 2001, code 01-41-10, L. Klimeš 1627 (PRA); Lukung, 33°59'5"N, 78°24'6"E, 4300 m a.s.l., 9 Sep 2002, code 02-39-10, L. Klimeš 6627 (PRA); Ladakh, Pangong Region, Parma vill., 4550 m a.s.l., 23 Sep 2003, L. Klimeš 3580 (PRA); Zhung Stot (E), Stot (E); Shyok Region, Wari La, confluence of Lurten Lungpa and Lazun Lungpa, 34°14'9"N, 77°51'8"E, 3840 m a.s.l., 15 Sep 2001, code 01-47-40, L. Klimeš 1868 (PRA); Sumdu Gonma to Kiagar La, 33°10'12"N, 78°21'30"E, 4690 m a.s.l., 7 Sep 2003, code 03-26-3, L. Klimeš 3461 (PRA); Tso Moriri, Lunglung valley, 33°2'30"N, 78°18'E, 4700 m a.s.l., 8 Sep 2003, code 03-27-5a, L. Klimeš 3476 (PRA); Samad Rakchan, Thukje vill. to Nyamur, 33°20'13"N, 78°1'40"E, 4560 m a.s.l., 9 Sep 2005, code 05-36-2, L. Klimeš 6270 (PRA);

NEPAL: Western: Dhaulagiri Zone: Mustang Distr., Chalungpa, Lower Jeula forest, 28°54'N, 83°45'E, 3410 m a.s.l., 28 Aug & 8 Sep 2001, S. & G. Miehe & Koch 01-087-27 & 01-119-03 (herb. Miehe).

General distribution.

Himalaya and Tibet (India, Nepal and China). Common in Jammu & Kashmir and many parts of Tibet (L. Klimeš, G. & S. Miehe, pers. comm.); probably rare in Nepal.

Figures

Figure 20. SEM micrographs: A perianth of Dysphania ambrosioides B pericarp of Dysphania ambrosioides C perianth of D. himalaica D pericarp of D. himalaica E perianth of D. bhutanica F pericarp of D. bhutanica G perianth of D. kitiae H pericarp of D. kitiae. Magnification: 150 x (A), 250 x (C, E, G), 500 x (B, D, F, H).

Figure 21. Distribution map of Dysphania ambrosioides (circles) and D. himalaica (stars).