Aphis khrulevi, Stekolshchikov & Buga, 2018

Stekolshchikov, Andrey V. & Buga, Sergey V., 2018, The aphid fauna (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Aphidomorpha) of Murmansk province (Russia), with description of Aphis khrulevi sp. nov. and Dysaphis karyakini sp. nov. and males of Chaitophorus nigricantis Pintera, 1987, Zootaxa 4527 (4), pp. 451-493 : 467-473

Aphis khrulevi sp. nov.

( Figs. 10–19 , Tabl. 2–3)

Eleven fundatrices and 17 apterous viviparous females of this species were collected by G.Ch. Shaposhnikov on 1.vi.1962 from Veronica longifolia L. in the Polar–Alpine Botanical Garden of Kirovsk (Murmansk province). Four fundatrices of this species were collected by O.A. Khruleva on 2.vii.2010 from Veronica longifolia in the Eastern Taimyr and a slide with 2 fundatrices of the same species collected by A.V. Ermolenko on 29.vii.1964, apparently from Veronica on Taimyr in the vicinity of Norilsk was received by us from the collection of O.I. Ivanovskaya (Siberian Zoological Museum of the Institute of Animal Systematics and Ecology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia—SZM ISEA SB RAS). All these materials formed the basis of the description of this new species.

Type material. Holotype: apterous viviparous female, No. 5003 (collection number of ZIN RAS), slide No. 8, “ Aphis khrulevi sp. nov., Murmansk province, Kirovsk, Polar–Alpine Botanical Garden , Veronica longifolia L., 18.vii.1962, on lower side of rolled leaves, coll. G.Ch. Shaposhnikov ” . Paratypes: 11 fund. and 16 apt., No. 5003 (collection number of ZIN RAS), from the same host plant, locality and the same data as holotype; 2 fund., No. 3515 (collection number of SZM ISEA SB RAS), Veronica ?, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Taymyrsky Dolgano–Nenetsky District, Norilsk (nearby Talnakh), 29.vii.1964 ; 4 fund., No. 10899 (collection number of ZIN RAS), Veronica longifolia L., Krasnoyarsk Krai, Taymyrsky Dolgano–Nenetsky District, the lower course of the Kotuy River , 2.vii.2010 . Holotype is deposited at ZIN RAS; paratypes are deposited at collections of ZIN RAS, NHM, MNHN, and SZM ISEA SB RAS .

Etymology. New species is named in honor of Russian entomologist Olga Arturovna Khruleva (A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Moskow) collected fundatrices of this species in the Eastern Taimyr.

Description. Fundatrix. Body broadly elliptical, 1.5–1.7 (1.6) times as long as its width. Numbers of marginal setae 0–2, 0–3, 1–4, 1–3, 1–4, 2–6 and 1–2 on each side of abdominal segments I–VII, respectively. Head with epicranial suture. Antennae 6-segmented, or 5-segmented as a result of fusing of 3rd and 4th segments. Chaetotaxy of first tarsal segments 2, 2, 2 on most specimens, but some specimens with 3, 2, 2 or 3, 3, 2. Arms of mesosternal furca separated. Siphunculi weakly widened at base. Cauda elongate triangular.

Setae number on on abdominal number on length / articular diameter of 3rd antennal segment 1.60 – 3.13 (2.16 – 2.49) 2.11 – 2.60 (2.37) marginal length 46 – 63 (52 – 61) 58 – 76 (66) length / articular diameter of 3rd antennal segment 2.00 – 2.94 (2.26 – 2.71) 2.30 – 3.05 (2.64) ventral length 43 – 63 (51 – 61) 51 – 66 (58) length / articular diameter of 3rd antennal segment 1.70 – 2.94 (2.16 – 2.71) 2.00 – 2.60 (2.34) tergite VI between siphunculi 1 – 6 (2.0 – 3.4) 2 – 6 (2.7) number 3 – 8 (4.0 – 6.0) 4 – 6 (4.2) length 51 – 71 (59) 56 – 71 (64) length / articular diameter of 3rd antennal segment 2.10 – 3.07 (2.43 – 2.91) 2.20 – 3.00 (2.59) on anterior half 2 – 9 (4.0 – 7.0) 2 – 3 (2.2) along the hind margin 9 – 19 (13.4 – 16.0) 9 – 18 (13.4) Last antennal segment length of base 94 – 114 (110) 109 – 129 (121) length of processus terminalis 169 – 228 (184 – 214) 243 – 293 (267) length of processsus terminalis / length of base 1.55 – 2.14 (1.66 – 1.95) 1.96 – 2.58 (2.21) Ultimate rostral segment number of accessory setae 1 – 4 (2.5 – 3.5) 2 – 4 (2.5) length 116 – 129 (119 – 128) 124 – 139 (130) length / head width across the compound eyes 0.24 – 0.28 (0.26) 0.26 – 0.32 (0.28) length of 2nd segment of hind tarsus 0.96 – 1.15 (0.99 – 1.09) 0.91 – 1.19 (0.98) length of base of last antennal segment 1.07 – 1.27 (1.06 – 1.14) 0.98 – 1.16 (1.07) 2nd segment of hind tarsus length 104 – 132 (110 – 125) 106 – 144 (132) length / maximum width 4.32 – 5.76 (4.63 – 4.92) 4.20 – 5.70 (5.13) head width across the compound eyes 0.22 – 0.28 (0.23 – 0.27) 0.23 – 0.31 (0.29) length of base of last antennal segment 0.91 – 1.18 (0.97 – 1.14) 0.88 – 1.22 (1.10) Siphunculus length 172 – 255 (207 – 240) 304 – 405 (358) length / length of body 0.08 – 0.11 (0.09) 0.15 – 0.19 (0.16) length / width of siphunculus at base 2.06 – 3.63 (2.28 – 2.67) 2.65 – 4.69 (3.18) length / width of siphunculus at half length 2.80 – 4.58 (3.46 – 3.86) 4.35 – 6.37 (5.44) length / length of 3rd antennal segment 0.50 – 1.16 (0.57 – 0.95) 0.90 – 1.22 (1.08) Cauda length 137 – 177 (152 – 177) 167 – 220 (189) length / basal width 0.88 – 1.21 (1.00) 0.92 – 1.61 (1.32) number of setae 9 – 15 (9.5 – 11.4) 7 – 14 (10.9) Length of siphunculus / length of cauda 1.13 – 1.65 (1.26 – 1.37) 1.58 – 2.29 (1.89)

abdominal tergite VIII subgenital plate

Apterous viviparous female. Body broadly elliptical, 1.6–1.8 (1.7) times as long as its width. The living specimens black with dark siphunculi and cauda. Cleared specimens with dark brown head, 1st and 2nd antennal segments, coxae, trochanters and femora of all legs, peritremes on abdomen, siphunculi, anal plate and cauda; with brown two last segments of rostrum, apices of tibiae, sclerites and bands on thorax and abdomen, and subgenital plate. Thorax with large sclerotized bands on pro- and mesonotum (band on mesonotum sometimes almost interrupted in the midline), small separate sclerites on metanotum and large marginal sclerites on all segments; abdomen with thin band on abdominal tergite VIII, small marginal sclerites on abdominal segments I–IV and VI, and peritermes on all segments. Surface of head smooth, slightly wrinkled, on occiput, dorsal sides of thorax and abdominal tergites I–VI reticulate, contour of cells consists from very large fused rounded spinules forming high “wall” around the cell; the reticulation on thorax is well marked, on abdominal tergites I–VI contours of cells are indistinct; surface of abdominal tergite VII with the long rows of small pointed spinules, which on tergites VIII partially fuse to form scales; surface of ventral side of thorax faintly (contours of reticulations formed by rare small pointed spinules), of ventral side of abdomen with long rows of small pointed spinules sometimes forming strongly stretched reticulate cells. Setae on dorsal and ventral sides of thorax and abdomen finely pointed; on abdominal tergites I–IV 2–3 (2.1) spinal setae; numbers of marginal setae 0–2, 2–4, 2–4, 2–4, 1–3, 1–4 and 1–4 on each side of abdominal segments I–VII, respectively. Marginal and spinal tubercles absent on all segments of body. Head with epicranial coronal suture or with traces of epicranial coronal suture. Frontal tubercles distinct, relatively high, median tubercle protuberant, from semicircular to almost rectangular. Setae on head finely pointed. Antennae 6- segmented, 1st antennal segment slightly wrinkled, almost smooth, 2nd segment and proximal half of 3rd segment with rare small scales, distal half of 3rd and 4th–6th segments with large scales. Antenna without secondary rhinaria. Setae on antennae pointed or finely pointed. Rostrum reaching mesothorax. Ultimate rostral segment elongate wedge-shaped with straight or slightly concave sides, 1.86–2.60 (2.20) times as long as its basal width. Legs normal, setae on coxae, trochanters, femora and outer side of tibia finely pointed, on inner side of tibia pointed, on tarsi pointed or finely pointed. Chaetotaxy of first tarsal segments 3, 3, 2 on most specimens, only some specimens with 2 setae on one or two middle legs. Arms of mesosternal furca connected by wide base. Spiracles reniform. Siphunculi cylindrical, narrowing towards apex, distinctly widened at base, distinctly imbricate (covered with sparse short rows of pointed spines which are partially fused and form scales) and with very small flange. Subgenital plate oval, setae on subgenital and anal plate finely pointed. Cauda elongate triangular or triangular finger-shaped with rounded apex and long finely pointed setae.

Measurements of holotype. Body—2299×1360; antenna—1320: III—349×33 (in the middle), IV—200, V— 197, VI—129+276; hind femur—584, hind tibia—1025; siphunculus—372×61 (in the middle); cauda—220×137 (at base) × 104 (before base). For more biometric data see Table 3.

Distribution. Russia: Murmansk province and Krasnoyarsk Krai, but probably the species has a wider distribution in subarctic zone of Eurasia. It is very likely that this species inhabits the territory between the Kola Peninsula and Taimyr.

Biology. Monoecious, holocyclic. A colony of this species consisted of fundatrices and apterous viviparous females was found on 18 July 1962, on undersides of leaves and on apices of shoots between flowers on Veronica longifolia . Leaves inhabited by aphids were strongly savoyed and curled. Fundatrices was collected on the same plant on 2 July 2010 in the Eastern Taimyr and were found on 29 July 1964 nearby Norilsk (Southern Taimyr).

Systematic relationships. The new species belongs to a group of species that have the characters typical for the genus Aphis L.: low frontal tubercles, simple setae on all body and appendages, dorsal surface of body with reticulation, relatively short antennae with a relatively short processus terminalis, elongate wedge-shaped ultimate segment of rostrum, simple legs with chaetotaxy of first tarsal segments 3, 3, 2, cylindrical siphunculi and elongate triangular or triangular finger-shaped cauda, but they can be easily distinguished from any other known species of Aphis by the complete or almost complete lack of marginal tubercles on abdominal segment I and the complete lack of marginal tubercles on segment VII. Up to now this group included two species described from Chukotka: Aphis aquilonalis Stekolshchikov et Khruleva, 2015 and A. beringiensis Stekolshchikov et Khruleva, 2015 . From both those species Aphis khrulevi differs by long siphunculi, long setae on occiput and dorsal side of body and to a lesser extent on some other characters ( Tabl. 3). It may be assumed that these three species have a common origin and that the species of this group inhabit arctic and subarctic areas. Hille Ris Lambers (1955) described a new species Aphis atuberculata on the basis of two oviparous females and nymphs of males collected also in arctic region—in Iceland. This species has very small marginal tubercles which are present only on prothorax, abdominal segment I and more rarely also on segment VII. Perhaps this species is closely related to a group of species completely devoid of marginal tubercles. In this case, the hypothesis that these species are associated only with arctic territories receives additional confirmation.

Aphis korshunovi Ivanovskaja, 1971

Material. Tur: Veronica longifolia , 17.vii.2002, al. (ESh).

Aphis mirifica (Börner, 1950)

Published information. LRP and LRCh: Epilobium angustifolium (Stekolshchikov, 2012) .

Material. Koa: Epilobium angustifolium , 6.vii.1998, fund. and al. ( SB). Luv : Epilobium angustifolium , 17.vii.2002, apt. and al. ( AS) . LRCh: Epilobium angustifolium , 30.vi.2004, fund.; 3.vii.2004, fund., apt. and al.; 14.vii.2004, apt., al. and al. nym. [15.vii.2004, al.] ( AS) . LRP: Epilobium angustifolium , 10.vii.2005, apt. ( AS) .

Aphis salicariae Koch, 1855

Material. Luv: Epilobium angustifolium , 21–29.vii.2006, apt. and al. ( AS) .

Aphis tormentillae Passerini, 1879

Material. Luv: Potentilla erecta (L.) Raeusch, 25.vii.2002, apt., al., males and ovip. ( AS).

Aphis urticata J.F. Gmelin, 1790

Material. Luv: Urtica dioica L., 20.vii.2002, apt. and al.; 31.vii.2004, apt. ( AS).

Aphis ulmariae Schrank, 1801

Published information. LRCh: Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. (Stekolshchikov, 2012).

Material. LRCh: Filipendula ulmaria, 28.vi.2004, fund. ( AS) .

Aphis uvaeursi Ossiannilsson, 1959

Published information. LRCh: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. (Stekolshchikov, 2012).

Material. PABG: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi , 15.vii.1962, fund. and al. nym. [19.vii.1962, al.] (GSh). 9SMon: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi , 7.vii.1998, fund. (SB). 12SMon: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi , 5.vii.1998, fund.; 9.vii.1998, fund.; sweeping, 9.vii.1998, fund. (SB). 20SMon: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi , 9.vii.1998, fund. (SB). Luv: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi , 21.vii.2002, apt. and al.; 9.viii.2004, apt., males and ovip. ( AS). LRCh: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi , 9.vii.2004, apt., al. and imm. [11.vii.2004, apt. and al.] ( AS).

Aphis vaccinii (Börner, 1940)

Material. Luv: Vaccinium uliginosum L., 20.vii.2002, apt. ( AS) .

Figures

FIGURES 10–19. Aphis khrulevi sp. nov., fund. and apt. 10, body of apt.; 11, frons of apt.; 12, antenna of apt.; 13, antenna of fund.; 14, ultimate rostral segments of apt.; 15, hind tarsus of apt.; 16, siphunculus of fund.; 17, siphunculus of apt.; 18, cauda of fund.; 19, cauda of apt.