Synapsis, Bates, 1868

Bui, Van Bac & Bonkowski, Michael, 2018, Synapsis puluongensis sp. nov. and redescription of S. horaki (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), with a key to Vietnamese species, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 58 (2), pp. 407-418 : 416-417

Key to species of Synapsis recorded from Vietnam

The key is based on the specimens examined by us in NMPC and VNUF as well as on literature data ( ARROW 1931, BALTHASAR 1963, KRÁL & REJSEK 2000, KRÁL 2002, HANBOONSONG & MASUMOTO 1999, OCHI & KON 2007, OCHI et al. 2008, ZÍDEK & POKORNÝ 2010).

1(6) Hypomeral cavities present ( Figs 2 E–F).

2(3) Elytral interval 2 near base not swollen ( Fig. 2A ). .......................................... S. puluongensis sp. nov.

3(2) Elytral interval 2 near base swollen ( Fig. 2B ).

4(5) Metafemora in ventral view densely punctate, body length 17.5–24.0 mm. ...................................... ............................ S. horaki Zídek & Pokorný, 2010

5(4) Metafemora in ventral view not punctate, body length 27.0–29.0 mm ( Fig. 2D ). ............................... .................................................. S. yama Gillet, 1911

6(7) Hypomeral cavities absent.

7(10) Frons with minor horn or medial tubercle; mesepisternal cavities absent.

8(9) Genae not expanded, anterolateral angle of pronotum not dentate ( Fig. 5A ). ........................................ .............................................. S. simplex Sharp, 1875

9(8) Genae expanded; anterolateral angle of pronotum tridentate ( Fig. 5B ). ............ S. tridens Sharp, 1881

10(11) Frons without minor horn or only with medial tubercle; mesepisternal cavities present and covered with red setae ( Figs 6 A–C, F).

11(12) Anterolateral angles of pronotum nearly rectangular (90°). Lateral angles of genae obtuse, rounded. Metafemora in ventral view sparsely punctate ( Figs 6A, D ). ................ S. ovalis Boucomont, 1920

12(11) Anterolateral angles of pronotum about 135°. Lateral angles of genae rather sharp, metafemora in ventral view densely punctate ( Figs 6B, E ). ............ ................................................. S. strnadi Král, 2002

Figures

Fig 5. Dorsal habitus. A – Synapsis simplex Sharp, 1875. B – S. tridens Sharp, 1881

Fig. 2. Morphological details of Synapsis species.A–B – elytral surface:A – S. puluongensis sp. nov. with elytral striae strongly and densely punctate and interval 2 not swollen; B – S. horaki Zídek & Pokorný, 2010, with elytral striae impunctate and interval 2 swollen. C–D – metafemora: C – S. puluongensis sp. nov.; D – S. yama Gillet, 1911. E–F – setation of hypomeral cavities: E – S. puluongensis sp. nov.; F – S. birmanica Gillet, 1907. G – elytron of S. naxiorum Král & Rejsek, 2000 with weakly and sparsely punctate elytral striae and intervals weakly punctate. H–I – eye coloration in specimens of S. horaki Zídek & Pokorný, 2010: H – female; I – male.

Fig. 6. Dorsal habitus, ventral surface of femora and mesepisternal cavities.A, C, D – Synapsis ovalis Boucomont, 1920; B, E, F – S. strnadi Král, 2002.