Centris (Paracentris) apache, Vivallo, 2020

Vivallo, Felipe, 2020, Lectotype designations taxonomic notes and new synonymies in some species of the bee genus Centris Fabricius, 1804 described by Frederick Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Zootaxa 4729 (2), pp. 151-176 : 164-167

Centris (Paracentris) apache new species

( Figures 1‒5 )

Centris aterrima auctorum, nec Smith, 1854.

Diagnosis. Female: Integument and pilosity blackish. Clypeal disc relatively flat with coarse and dense punctation except smooth longitudinal band in the middle. Labrum with coarse, dense and uniform punctation, except narrow smooth basal margin, wider in the middle. Inner orbits of compound eyes slightly converging downwards. Mandible with four teeth, apical tooth with wide basis. Wings dark brown. Male: Pilosity, wings and integument like female, except legs brown. Innermost mandibular tooth with relatively straight apex. Fore and middle basitarsi with rudimentary elaiospathes. Pilosity on T2‒T4 denser and longer on distal edge. Distal edge of S2‒S4 projected in the middle.

Holotype female ( Figs. 1, 2 ). Measurements (mm): Approximately body length: 13.9; head width: 5.0; approximately forewing length: 10.5; thorax width: 5.4; scape length: 0.8; F1 length: 0.9; F2 length: 0.3; F3 length: 0.3; mandible length: 2.5; mandible basal width: 0.9; labrum length: 0.9; labrum width: 1.3; diameter of anterior ocellus: 0.3; ocellocular distance: 0.6. Coloration: Integument blackish, except mandible, flagellum, tegula, legs, wings and veins dark brown ( Figs. 1, 2 ). Metasoma blackish and shiny without metallic reflections ( Fig. 2 ). Pubescence: Dark brown to black, slightly darker on mesoscutum and mesoscutellum ( Figs. 1, 2 ). Terga with simple hairs, except plumose on laterodistal edge. Sterna with long and plumose hairs. Integument and sculpture surface: Clypeus with coarse, dense and relatively uniform punctation ( Fig. 1 ). Clypeal disc with irregular almost impunctate longitudinal band ( Fig. 1 ). Labrum with coarse and very dense punctation, with not-well delimited smooth basal margin, slightly wider in the middle. Paraocular area with fine and dense punctation. Frons with similar punctation than on clypeus but denser. T 1 with similar punctation than on T 2, denser than on T 3‒ T 5. Structures: Flabellum slightly triangular with rounded edges. Mandible with four apically acute teeth. Apical tooth enlarged at the base. Third tooth smaller than the others. Trimmal angle well-developed. Maxillary palpus 5-segmented (2 nd ≈3 rd>1 st>4 th>5 th). Labrum semicircular. Vertex slightly above the upper interocular tangent ( Fig. 1 ). Inner orbits of compound eyes slightly converging downwards ( Fig. 1 ). Clypeus convex (lateral view) with disc slightly flat. Shortest distance between the clypeus and eye wider than basal width of F1. Malar area narrower than basal width of F1. Fore elaiospathe with anterior comb disposed along the basitarsus, secondary comb formed by four giant apically curved hairs. Hind elaiospathe with overlapping hairs forming a continuous comb. Basitibial plate slightly elliptical with “S”-like secondary plate. Claws with internal tooth, very reduced in hindleg. Distal edge of S2‒S4 not projected in the middle. Pygidial plate with rounded apex and slightly raised lateral edges. Secondary plate shortly projected over the primary plate and with apex not forming a defined angle. Male ( Figs. 3, 4 ). Measurements (mm): Approximately body length: 13.9; head width: 4.5; forewing length: 11.4; thorax width: 5.3; scape length: 0.7; F1 length: 0.7; F2 length: 0.2; F3 length: 0.4; mandible length: 1.9; mandible basal width: 0.8; labrum length: 0.9; labrum width: 1.2; diameter of anterior ocellus: 0.3; ocellocular distance: 0.4. Coloration: Integument dark brown to black, except flagellum, tegula, legs and disc of S1 and S2 brown ( Figs. 3, 4 ). Wings dark brown, lighter on distal half ( Fig. 4 ). Veins dark brown ( Fig. 4 ). Terga and sterna (except T 7 and S6) with light brown smooth distal margin. Metasomal segments shiny. Pubescence: Dark brown to black, darker on mesoscutum and mesoscutellum ( Figs. 3, 4 ). Wings with abundant pilosity on cells. Distitarsi with blackish long hairs. Claws with tuft of plumose hairs ( Fig. 4 ), shorter on foreleg. Disc of T 2‒ T 4 with blackish and simple pilosity, distal end with plumose hairs. T 1, T 5 and T 6 mainly with plumose pilosity. Sterna with dark long and plumose hairs. Integument and sculpture surface: Clypeus with coarse and relatively uniform punctation ( Fig. 3 ). Clypeal disc with irregular almost impunctate longitudinal band. Labrum with a mixture of fine and coarse punctation ( Fig. 3 ) slightly scattered on disc, similar in density than on clypeal disc. Basal margin of hind tibia glabrous with minute and very dense punctures. Basal edge with narrow smooth margin. T 2‒ T 5 with fine and dense punctation, denser on distal edge. Structures: Mandible with three teeth of acute apex ( Fig. 3 ), except third slightly concave. Trimmal angle acute and well-developed. Labrum semicircular ( Fig. 3 ). Vertex slightly above the upper interocular tangent. Inner orbits of compound eyes slightly converging downwards ( Fig. 3 ). F1≥F2+F3. Shortest distance between the clypeus and eye narrower than basal width of F1. Apical half of middle basitarsus with a row of long, erect, slightly spatulate and curved setae similar to an elaiospathe. Claws with well-developed internal tooth. Distal edge of T 2‒ T 4 projected in the middle. Surface of T 7 irregular and opaque, with a relatively triangular cavity on distal half covered with plumose hairs, without pygidial plate.

Variation. Females: Clypeal disc with irregular surface, flat and smooth, raised and smooth, transversally striate and/ or with a slightly raised line in the middle. Males: The clypeal disc can be longitudinally striate on the upper half. Males of almost all know North American species of Centris (Paracentris) have a pygidial plate well delimited by lateral carenae. In this new species the pygidial plate is absent, but the surface of T 7 has a preapical cavity covered by plumose hairs not observed in other species. This modification could correspond to a strongly modified pygidial plate.

Type material. Holotype female: USA: New Mexico: Sandoval Co., 22 Mi. SW of Santa Fe, Pena Blanca , Sept. 6, 1983 Rozen & Favreau \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044048 ( AMNH) . Paratypes: MEXICO: JALISCO: 1 male : Mexico: Jalisco 11 mi. n. Autlan July 6, 1984 Carrol, Schaffner, Friedlander ( TAMUIC) . MEXICO: ZACATECAS: 24.7 mi s. Juchipila August 6, 1988 Ferreira & Schaffner ( TAMUIC) . UNITED STATES: ARIZONA: 1 female : USA: 1 Mi. E. Douglas , Ariz. Cochise Co. VIII-14-1969 \ J.G. & K.C. Rozen Collectors \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044037 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: 1 Mi. E. Douglas , Ariz. Cochise Co. VIII-14-1969 \ J.G. & K.C. Rozen Collectors \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044038 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: 1 Mi. E. Douglas , Ariz. Cochise Co. VIII-14-1969 \ J.G. & K.C. Rozen Collectors \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044039 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: 1 Mi. E. Douglas , Ariz. Cochise Co. VIII-14-1969 \ J.G. & K.C. Rozen Collectors \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044040 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: 1 Mi. E. Douglas , Ariz. Cochise Co. VIII-14-1969 \ J.G. & K.C. Rozen Collectors \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044041 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: 1 Mi. E. Douglas , Ariz. Cochise Co. VIII-14-1969 \ J.G. & K.C. Rozen Collectors \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044042 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: 1 Mi. E. Douglas , Ariz. Cochise Co. VIII-14-1969 \ J.G. & K.C. Rozen Collectors \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044043 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: 1 Mi. E. Douglas , Ariz. Cochise Co. VIII-14-1969 \ J.G. & K.C. Rozen Collectors \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044044 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: 1 Mi. E. Douglas , Ariz. Cochise Co. VIII-14-1969 \ J.G. & K.C. Rozen Collectors \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044045 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: ARIZ., Cochise Co. VIII-26-1964 \ J.G. Rozen Collector \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044036 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA, Santa Cruz Co., Sycamore Cyn., 16, Mi. WNW of Nogales, Aug. 12, 1983 J.G. & B. L. Rozen \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044050 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: AZ: Santa Cruz Co Sycamore Canyon entrance, 4 Sept 2003 J.G. Rozen, J.S. Ascher \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044030 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: AZ: Santa Cruz Co Sycamore Canyon entrance, 4 Sept 2003 J.G. Rozen, J.S. Ascher \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044031 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: AZ: Santa Cruz Co Sycamore Canyon entrance, 4 Sept 2003 J.G. Rozen, J.S. Ascher \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044033 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA:AZ: Santa Cruz Co Sycamore Canyon entrance, 4 Sept 2003 J.G. Rozen, J.S. Ascher \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044035 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA, Arizona: Cochise Co., 1 Mi. E. Douglas August 21, 1974 J.G. & B.L. Rozen \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith, 1854 F. Zanella det., 1998\ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044051 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: Arizona: Cochise Co., 18 mi. NE Douglas VIII-16-1971 \ Rozen & Favreau Collectors \ Centris aterrima F. Sm. ♀ det Snelling’ 83\ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044053 ( AMNH). NEW MEXICO: 1 female : USA: New Mexico: Sandoval Co., 22 Mi. SW of Santa Fe, Pena Blanca, Sept. 6, 1983 Rozen & Favreau \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044046 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: New Mexico: Sandoval Co., 22 Mi. SW of Santa Fe, Pena Blanca, Sept. 6, 1983 Rozen & Favreau \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044047 ( AMNH). 1 female : USA: New Mexico: Sandoval Co., 22 Mi. SW of Santa Fe, Pena Blanca, Sept. 6, 1983 Rozen & Favreau \ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher \ AMNH _ENT AMNH _ BEE 00044049 ( AMNH) .

Additional specimens, not paratypes. MEXICO: GUERRERO: 1 female: Mexico: Guerrero; 22 mi S Iguala VIII-18-1981 J. Chemsak A & M Michelbacher ( EMEC). UNITED STATES: ARIZONA: 1 male: Ariz: Sta. Cruz Co. 4 mi S Amado VIII-16-1975 EG & JM Linsley\ 09:00-09-29\ Kailstroemia [sic= Kallstroemia ] grandiflora \ taking nectar under flr.\ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima (Smith) det Ascher’95 ( EMEC). 1 male: USA, New Mexico: Santa Cruz Co., Sycamore Cyn., 16 mi. WNW of Nogales, Aug. 12, 1983 J. G. & B. L. Rozen\ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher\ AMNH _ENT AMNH _BEE 0004454 ( AMNH). 1 female: USA: AZ: Santa Cruz Co. Sycamore Canyon entrance, 4 Sept 2003 J. G. Rozen, J. S. Ascher\ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher\ AMNH _ENT AMNH _BEE 0004432 ( AMNH). 1 female: USA: AZ: Santa Cruz Co. Sycamore Canyon entrance, 4 Sept 2003 J. G. Rozen, J. S. Ascher\ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith det. J. S. Ascher\ AMNH _ENT AMNH _BEE 0004434 ( AMNH). 1 female: USA, Arizona: Cochise Co., 1 mi. E. Douglas August 21, 1974 J. G. & B. L. Rozen\ Centris (Paracentris) aterrima Smith, 1854 F. Zanella det., 1998\ AMNH _ENT AMNH _BEE 0004452 ( AMNH). 2 males: Ariz, Santa Cruz Co. Atascosa Mts., 5.6mi. W. Pena Blanca Lake 4800 ft. Blanca Lake 4800 ft. 15-VIII-1974 T. J. Zavortink\ On Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kuntze 1230 -1245 mst. TJZ no. 740815-2G ( CAS). 1 male: Ariz, Santa Cruz Co. Atascosa Mts., 5.6mi. W. Pena Blanca Lake 4800 ft. Blanca Lake 4800 ft. 15-VIII-1974 T. J. Zavortink\ On Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kuntze 1230 -1245 mst. TJZ no. 740815-2A ( CAS). 1 male: Ariz, Santa Cruz Co. Atascosa Mts., 5.6mi. W. Pena Blanca Lake 4800 ft. Blanca Lake 4800 ft. 15-VIII-1974 T. J. Zavortink\ On Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kuntze 1230 -1245 mst. TJZ no. 740815-2F ( CAS). 2 males: Ariz, Santa Cruz Co. Atascosa Mts., 5.6mi. W. Pena Blanca Lake 4800 ft. Blanca Lake 4800 ft. 15-VIII-1974 T. J. Zavortink\ On Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kuntze 1230 -1245 mst. TJZ no. 740815-2E ( CAS). 2 females: Ariz, Santa Cruz Co. Atascosa Mts., 5.6mi. W. Pena Blanca Lake 4800 ft. Blanca Lake 4800 ft. 15-VIII- 1974 T. J. Zavortink\ On Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kuntze 1230 -1245 mst. TJZ no. 740815-2C\ Centris aterrima T. J. Zavortink Det. 1976 ( CAS). 1 male: Ariz, Santa Cruz Co. Atascosa Mts., 5.6mi. W. Pena Blanca Lake 4800 ft. Blanca Lake 4800 ft. 15-VIII-1974 T. J. Zavortink\ On Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kuntze 1230 -1245 mst. TJZ no. 740815-2E\ Centris aterrima T. J. Zavortink Det. 1976 ( CAS). 1 male: Ariz, Santa Cruz Co. Atascosa Mts., 5.6mi. W. Pena Blanca Lake 4800 ft. Blanca Lake 4800 ft. 15-VIII-1974 T. J. Zavortink\ On Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kuntze 1230 -1245 mst. TJZ no. 740815-2F\ Centris aterrima T. J. Zavortink Det. 1976 ( CAS). 2 males: Ariz, Santa Cruz Co. Atascosa Mts., 5.6mi. W. Pena Blanca Lake 4800 ft. Blanca Lake 4800 ft. 15-VIII-1974 T. J. Zavortink\ On Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kuntze 1230 -1245 mst. TJZ no. 740815-2G\ Centris aterrima T. J. Zavortink Det. 1976 ( CAS). 1 male: Dissection No. 761104-1 T. J. Zavortink\ Ariz, Santa Cruz Co. Atascosa Mts., 5.6mi. W. Pena Blanca Lake 4800 ft. Blanca Lake 4800 ft. 15-VIII-1974 T. J. Zavortink\ On Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kuntze 1230 -1245 mst. TJZ no. 740815-2A\ Centris aterrima T. J. Zavortink Det. 1976 ( CAS). 1 male: Madera Cyn. Sta. Rita Mts Ariz. VIII 14 40\ Presented by ECV Van Dyke Collector\ Centris (Penthemisia) aterrima F. Sm ♂ Det R. R. Snelling’56 ( CAS). 1 female: Ariz. Cochise Co. ne Douglas VIII-12- 61 W. J. Hanson\ Native Bee survey USDA, Logan, Utah BBSL 491428 ( BBSL). 1 male: USA Ariz. Sta Cruz Co E Sycamore Cyn, 31°25,80’N 111°10.37’W 14 sep 1994 T Griswold\ Native Bee survey USDA, Logan, Utah BBSL 491426 ( BBSL). 1 female: USA Ariz. Sta Cruz Co E Sycamore Cyn, 31°25,80’N 111°10.37’W 14 sep 1994 T Griswold\ Centris aterrima det. J. S. Ascher 2006\ Native Bee survey USDA, Logan, Utah BBSL 689007 ( BBSL).

Type locality. United States: New Mexico state: Pena Blanca (22 Mi. SW of Santa Fe).

Etymology. The name of this new species is in homage to the indigenous ethnicity “Apache” which inhabited the area where this new species occurs.

Distribution ( Fig. 5 ): MEXICO: ( Hurd, 1979). CHIAPAS: ( Ayala et al., 1996) Ocozocoautla ( Snelling, 1984). GUERRERO: Iguala. JALISCO: ( Ayala et al., 1996). Autlán. OAXACA: ( Simpson, 1989; Ayala et al., 1996). Pochutla, Zanatepec ( Snelling, 1984). SINALOA: ( Ayala et al., 1996). Villa Unión ( Snelling, 1984). SONORA ( Ayala et al., 1996). ZACATECAS: Juchipila. UNITED STATES: ARIZONA: ( Hurd, 1979; Simpson, 1989). Tumacacori Mountains ( Cockerell, 1936, probable record). Arivaca, Chiricahua Mountains, Douglas, Huachuca Mountains, Nogales, Patagonia, Peña Blanca, Sycamore Canyon (Ruby), White Rock Campground, Yaqui Canyon ( Snelling, 1984). Amado, Atascosa Mountains. (Pena Blanca Lake), Madera Canyon (Santa Rita Mountains). NEW MEXICO: Pena Blanca.

Figures

FIGURE 5. Distribution records for Centris apache new species.

FIGURES 1–4. Centris apache new species. Figs. 1, 2. Holotype female (United States: Pena Blanca). Fig. 1. Head, frontal view (scale bar: 1 mm). Fig. 2. Habitus, lateral view (scale bar: 5 mm). Figs. 3, 4: Paratype male (Mexico:Autlán). Fig. 3: Head, frontal view (scale bar: 1 mm). Fig. 4. Habitus, lateral view (Scale bar: 5 mm).