Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabricius)

Rabaglia, Robert J., 2005, The Validity of Xyleborus impressus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) as Distinct from Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabricius), The Coleopterists Bulletin 59 (2), pp. 261-266 : 262-263

Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabricius)

( Figs. 1–2 )

Bostrichus ferrugineus Fabricius, 1801:388 ; lectotype $, America meridionali, UZMC, Copenhagen, designated by Wood 1982:827.

Xyleborus fuscatus Eichhoff, 1868:400 ; holotype $, Carolina, Hamburg Museum, lost. Synonymy: Schedl 1960:8.

Xyleborus retusicollis Zimmermann, 1868:146 ; holotype $, Maryland, MCZ, Cambridge. Synonymy: Bright 1968:1312 .

Xyleborus nyssae Hopkins, 1915:66 ; holotype $, South Carolina , USNM, Washington. Synonymy : Schedl 1960:9 .

Xyleborus soltaui Hopkins, 1915:66 ; holotype $, Louisiana, USNM, Washington. Synonymy : Bright 1968:1312 .

In addition to the above North American names, several others have been placed in synonymy by the following authors: Schedl (1941): insularis Sharp; Browne (1955): Tomicus trypanaeoides Wollaston ; Schedl (1957): confusus Eichhoff ; Schedl (1960): amplicollis Eichhoff , argentinensis Schedl , bispinatus Eichhoff , hopkinsi Beeson , notatus Eggers , schedli Eggers , subitus Schedl , tanganus Hagedorn ; Wood (1989): rufopiceus Eggers; Beaver (1991): nesianus Beeson.

Description. Female: length 2.0– 3.3 mm, 2.8 times as long as wide; color reddish brown. Frons broadly convex; surface reticulate; punctures sparse, faintly impressed; longitudinal carina smooth, faintly elevated. Pronotum 1.2 times as long as wide; sides parallel; anterior margin broadly rounded, smooth; anterior slope with asperities numerous, not strongly elevated; posterior portion smooth, shining; punctures small, sparse, shallow. Elytra 1.8 times as long as wide; sides parallel on basal three-fourths, broadly rounded behind; disc occupying basal two-thirds; strial punctures impressed, in regular rows, usually moderate in size; interstriae smooth, shining, 1.0–1.5 times as wide as striae; interstrial punctures uniseriate, variable in size, sparse to obsolete (eastern North American specimens with punctures more numerous). Declivity relatively flat, steep; strial punctures distinct; interstriae 1 and 3 slightly elevated, interstriae 2 slightly impressed; interstriae 1 with one small denticle near base (denticle on right elytron offset in placement with that on left elytron), interstriae 3 with two denticles: denticle at base equal in size and placement to denticle on interstriae 1, also with one prominent denticle at middle of declivity; interstriae 4, 5 and 6 with several small denticles scattered along length of interstriae.

Male (not examined description as in Bright, 1968): length 2.0– 2.3 mm, 2.5 times as long as wide. Frons broader, minutely reticulate and faintly punctured. Pronotum 1.2 times as long as wide; sides slightly arcuate; anterior margin drawn to an acute point anterior slope distinctly concave, asperities obsolete; posterior area shining, punctures small, faint. Elytra 1.5 times as long as wide, sides slightly arcuate, rather narrowly rounded behind; sculpture and vestiture resembling female. Declivity sloping, armature resembling female but teeth smaller.

Material examined. More than 100 specimens from the following localities (including holotypes of X. retusicollis Zimmermann , X. nyssae Hopkins and X. soltaui Hopkins and specimens of X. confusus Eichhoff , X. retusicollis . X. bispinatus Eichhoff , X. trypanaeoides Wollaston and X. fuscatus Eichhoff in the Eggers collection at the USNM): Africa: Cameroon, Uganda; South America: Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, St. Lucia; North America: United States: Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia; Pacific Islands: Hawaii.

Figures

Figs. 1–2. Declivity of Xyleborus ferrugineus.