Cirrenalia donnae B. Sutton, Mycological Papers

Monteiro, Josiane Santana, Carmo, Luana Teixeira Do & Sotão, Helen Maria Pontes, 2017, A new species of Bhatia (asexual ascomycetes) and new records from Brazil, Phytotaxa 331 (2), pp. 263-272 : 267-268

Cirrenalia donnae B. Sutton, Mycological Papers 132: 33 (1973). ( Figure 3 , e)

Sporodochia and conidiophores not visualized. Conidia solitary, dry, helicoid, smooth, mid to dark brown, 50‒65 μm diam., mostly coiled 1‒1.5 times, 7‒8-septate; septa thick and dark, constricted; filament 25‒31 μm wide in the broadest part; cells increasing in diameter from base to apex, apical cell conical, rounded, pale brown; basal cell conical, truncate, often with a small portion of the conidiogenous cell.

Material examined: — BRAZIL. Amapá: Ferreira Gomes, FLONA of Amapá, on decaying leaflets of Astrocaryum gynacanthum Mart. , 17 July 2009, J. S. Monteiro ( MG 224315).

Known distribution: — Brazil (this paper), Canada, China, England ( Zhao et al. 2007), Russia ( Farr & Rossman 2017).

Notes: — Cirrenalia S.P. Meyers & R.T. Moore was established by Meyers & Moore (1960) with the type-species C. macrocephala (Kohlm.) S.P. Meyers & R.T. Moore , recombined from Helicoma macrocephala Kohlm. Zhao & Liu (2005) reviewed the genus and presented a synopsis of the 16 described species, including seven marine species and nine terrestrial species. Subsequently, Jiang & Zhang (2007) and Zhang et al. (2014) described new species found in soil samples. Abdel-Wahab et al. (2010) carried out a phylogenetic analysis with only the marine species of Cirrenalia and confirmed their polyphyletic nature, transferring these species to new genera. The Brazilian material analyzed in this study showed much larger conidia (up to 65 μm diam.) than those reported by Sutton (1973) in the original description (20–25.5 μm diam.) but were closer to the Chinese material (39–62 μm diam.) as described by Zhao & Liu (2005), and were in agreement with the other morphological characteristics described for this species. The occurrence of C. donnae is restricted to terrestrial environments, and so far, this species has only been reported in decomposing plant material of Abies Mill. ( Pinaceae ) and in an unidentified plant ( Farr & Rossman 2017, Zhao et al. 2007).

Dictyosporium pandani Whitton, K.D. Hyde & McKenzie , Fungal Diversity Res. Ser. 21: 205 (2012). ( Figure 3 , f) Conidiophores and conidiogenous cells not visualized. Conidia solitary, dry, cheiroid, complanate, septate, smooth, golden brown, 25‒37.5 × 13.5‒15 μm, consisting of 4 rows of cells, with 6–8 cells per row, 24–31 cells per conidium, walls slightly thickened, slightly constricted at the septa; two central rows often has the same length and are darker than outer rows, outer rows are slightly shorter, paler than central rows, the apical cells of the central rows are often somewhat larger than the rest of the cells in the conidium, appendage absent.

Material examined: — BRAZIL. Amapá: Ferreira Gomes, FLONA of Amapá, on decaying leaflets of A. murumuru , 16 December 2009, J. S. Monteiro ( MG 224316).

Known distribution: — Brazil (this paper), Australia, Brunei Darussalan, Hong Kong, Nepal, Philippines ( Whitton et al. 2012).

Notes: — Dictyosporium Corda has 54 currently accepted species that are included in Dictyosporiaceae ( Pleosporales , Dothideomycetes) ( Seifert et al. 2011, Abdel-Aziz 2016, Boonmee et al. 2016, Silva et al. 2016a,b). Dictyosporium pandani is similar to D. schizostachyifolium Bat. & M.L. Farr and D. tetrasporum L. Cai & K.D. Hyde , differing from them in relation to the width of conidia that are larger ( Goh et al. 1999, Cai & Hyde 2007). Dictyosporium nigroapice Goh, W.H. Ho & K.D. Hyde and D. tetraseriale Goh, Yanna & K.D. Hyde are also comparable, but present hyaline appendages, in addition to darker pigmentation at the apex of the conidia of D. nigroapice ( Goh et al. 1999) . The material examined was in accordance with the description of the species, but the conidia had smaller dimensions (25–37.5 × 13.5–15 μm) than the Chinese material (22–48 × 16–21.5 μm wide) ( Whitton et al. 2012). In Brazil, 15 species of Dictyosporium have been recorded in terrestrial and aquatic leaf litter ( CRIA 2017), including two new species ( D. amoenum C.R. Silva, Gusmão & R.F. Castañeda and D. araucariae S.S. Silva, R.F. Castañeda & Gusmão ) found in vegetation of the Caatinga and Araucaria Forest , respectively ( Silva et al. 2016a,b). Based on literature, this is the second world record of D. pandani and the first occurrence in terrestrial leaf litter.

Figures

FIGURE 3. a-d. Balaniopsis kirkii. a. Conidia; b. Upper view of conidiogenous cell; c. Conidiophores and conidiogenous cells with denticles (arrow); d. Detail of conidiophore with percurrent extension bearing a conidiogenous cells. e. Conidia of Cirrenalia donnae. f. Conidia of Dictyosporium pandani. Scale bars: a, b, f = 10 μm. c-e = 20 μm.