Philopteroides pilgrimi Valim & Palma

Valim, Michel P. & Palma, Ricardo L., 2013, Three new species of the genus Philopteroides Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae) from New Zealand, ZooKeys 297, pp. 71-89 : 76-79

Philopteroides pilgrimi Valim & Palma sp. n. Figs 3-4, 10, 17-20, 32-33

Type host.

Gerygone igata igata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830) - Grey warbler ( Acanthizidae )

Distribution.

New Zealand.

Description.

Female. Habitus as in Fig. 3 and head as in Fig. 10. Anterior setae 3 (as3) rigid, 0.04-0.05 long, anterior dorsal head setae (ads) minute, 0.02 long. Hyaline membrane with shallow concavity and thin sclerotization; anterior dorsal plate slightly concave and ventral head plate deeply concave (Fig. 32). Pterothorax with 6-8 posteromarginal setae on each side. Tergo-pleural plate II with a reduced postero-lateral projection overlapping segment III, tergo-pleural plate III without projection. Tergocentral setae: II, 5-6 (plus 2 anterior setae); III, 6; IV, 5-6; V, 5-6; VI, 4-6; VII, 5-6; VIII, 5. Tergites VII–IX +X as in Fig. 17. Abdominal sternal setae: segment II, LS-SL; III, LS-SL; IV, SS-SS (rarely LS on one side only); V, SS-SS; VI, LL-LL (one female with one S on one side only). Paratergal setae (all long): II–III, 0; IV–V, 2; VI–VIII, 3. Tergites VI–VIII with an innermost seta (included in the paratergal count), lateral to postspiracular seta. Sternites III–VI well-developed as large, rectangular plates. Vulva with 3 medium long setae each side. Subgenital plate, inner genital sclerite, subvulval sclerites, and vulvar margin as in Fig. 18, and intraspecific variation of two additional females as in Figs 18a and 18b. Measurements (n = 8): HL 0.39-0.43, ANW 0.13-0.15, POL 0.16-0.17, POW 0.28-0.31, ADPL 0.21-0.22, ADPLL 0.14, ADPW 0.13-0.16, TRL 0.09-0.10, TRW 0.03-0.04, TW 0.35-0.41, PW 0.22-0.28, PTL 0.13-0.14, PTW 0.29-0.35, TPVL 0.19-0.25, AW 0.44-0.54, EWG 0.06-0.08; IWG 0.03-0.04, TL 1.35-1.65.

Male. Similar to female, except in dimensions and morphology of terminalia (Figs 4, 19, 20). Pterothorax with 5-6 posteromarginal setae on each side. Tergocentral setae: II, 6 (plus 2 anterior setae); III, 6; IV, 6; V, 6; VI, 6; VII, 6; VIII, 4. Dorsal terminalia as in Fig. 19. Sternal setae as for female. Paratergal setae (all long): II–III, 0; IV–V, 2; VI–VIII, 3. Sternal plates well developed and entire on segments III–VI; subgenital plate with 4 long setae as in Fig. 20, the anterior pair on the plate, and the posterior on the plate margin. Genitalia: length of parameres 0.40 (Fig. 33). Measurements (n = 1): HL 0.38, ANW 0.14, POL 0.15, POW 0.28, ADPL 0.18, ADPLL 0.13, ADPW 0.14, TRL 0.09, TRW 0.03, TW 0.36, PW 0.21, PTL 0.15, PTW 0.31, TPVL 0.22, AW 0.47, GL 0.19, GW 0.08, TL 1.30.

Type specimens.

Holotype ♀ (MONZ AI. 030137), ex Gerygone igata igata ; NEW ZEALAND, no other data. Paratypes: 1♂, 2♀ (MONZ AI.017303) 1♀ (MZUSP #2885), same data as holotype; 2♀ (MONZ AI.017299), same host species, NEW ZEALAND: Orongorongo Valley, 20.V.1976, B.M. Fitzgerald col.; 1♀ (MONZ AI.017301), same host species, NEW ZEALAND: Kowhai Bush, Kaikoura, 15.XI.1976, B. Gill col.; 1♀ (MONZ AI.017302), same host species, NEW ZEALAND: Orongorongo Valley, 12.V.1977, B.M. Fitzgerald col..

Etymology.

This species is named in memory of the late Professor Robert L.C. Pilgrim (1921-2010), for his outstanding contribution to knowledge of ectoparasitic insects, and for his long friendship with RLP ( Palma 2011).

Remarks.

Morphologically close to Philopteroides beckeri , especially by features of the head. In addition to the key characters mentioned below, the habitus of both species is distinct (compare Figs 1 and 3; 2 and 4, respectively). Both sexes of Philopteroides pilgrimi can be distinguished by (1) the presence of spine-like setae on sternite V (absent in Philopteroides beckeri ); (2) female tergites IX+X with long innermost setae situated on the tergal plate (Fig. 17) (on soft tegument in Philopteroides beckeri , Fig. 13); (3) female subgenital plate without medial setae (Fig. 18) (against three pairs of setae on each side, as in Philopteroides beckeri , Fig. 14); (4) shape of sub-vulval sclerites (compare Figs 14 and 18); (5) male subgenital plates (compare Figs 16 and 20); and (6) male genitalia (compare Figs 31 and 33).

mitsusui species-group

The approximately triangular shape of the head is the distinctive character in the ten species included in this group. The preantennal region is longer (POL 0.22-0.29) and narrower (ANW 0.10-0.12) than in the beckeri species-group, and the hyaline margin is deeply concave at midline. Conus well-developed.

Philopteroides mitsusui (Uchida, 1948)

Bitrabeculus mitsusui Uchida, 1948: 321, fig. 7.

Philopterus mitsusui (Uchida, 1948); Hopkins and Clay 1952: 286; Price et al. 2003: 215.

Philopteroides mitsusui (Uchida, 1948); Mey 2004: 174.

Type host. Myzomela rubratra dichromata Wetmore, 1919 - Micronesian honeyeater ( Meliphagidae )

Distribution. Pohnpei I., Caroline Islands, Micronesia.

Philopteroides kayanobori (Uchida, 1948)

Bitrabeculus kayanobori Uchida, 1948: 322, fig. 8.

Philopterus kayanobori (Uchida, 1948); Hopkins and Clay 1952: 285; Price et al. 2003: 214.

Philopteroides kayanobori (Uchida, 1948); Mey 2004: 174.

Type host. Spizixos semitorques cinereicapillus Swinhoe, 1871 - Collared finchbill bulbul ( Pycnonotidae )

Distribution. Taiwan.

Philopteroides sclerotifrons (Tandan, 1955)

Philopterus sclerotifrons Tandan, 1955: 417, figs 1-7. Price et al. 2003: 216.

Philopteroides sclerotifrons (Tandan, 1955); Mey 2004: 174.

Type host. Cinnyris asiaticus asiaticus (Latham, 1790) - Purple sunbird ( Nectariniidae )

Distribution. India.

Philopteroides novaezelandiae Mey, 2004

Philopteroides novaezelandiae Mey, 2004: 174, figs 21-22c,d.

Type host. Acanthisitta chloris chloris (Sparrman, 1787) - Rifleman ( Acanthisittidae )

Distribution. South Island, New Zealand.

Philopteroides xenicus Mey, 2004

Philopteroides xenicus Mey, 2004: 176, fig. 22a,b,e.

Type host: Xenicus longipes longipes (Gmelin, 1789) - Bush wren ( Acanthisittidae )

Distribution. South Island, New Zealand.

Philopteroides cucphuongensis Mey, 2004

Philopteroides cucphuongensis Mey, 2004: 176, fig. 23, table 2.

Type host: Pycnonotus finlaysoni eous Riley, 1940 - Stripe-throated bulbul ( Pycnonotidae )

Distribution. Vietnam.

Philopteroides flavala Najer & Sychra, 2012

Philopteroides flavala Najer & Sychra, 2012a: 39, figs 1, 2 A–G, 5 A–B.

Type host: Hemixos flavala Blyth, 1845 - Ashy bulbul ( Pycnonotidae )

Distribution. Vietnam.

Philopteroides terpsiphoni Najer & Sychra, 2012

Philopteroides terpsiphoni Najer & Sychra, 2012b: 95, figs 6-12.

Type host: Terpsiphone viridis (Statius Müller, 1776) - African paradise-flyctacher ( Monarchidae )

Distribution. Senegal.