Cornopsylla trichotoma

Luo, Xinyu, Li, Qiang, Li, Fasheng & Cai, Wanzhi, 2013, A revision of the endemic Chinese genus Cornopsylla (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), with potential pests on Zanthoxylum (Rutaceae), Zootaxa 3646 (2), pp. 127-148 : 142-144

Cornopsylla trichotoma Li

( Figs 45–56 , 60 )

Cornopsylla trichotoma Li, 1994: 179 ; 2011: 558.

Adult: Coloration: Body green in general. Vast major of vertex occupied with yellow area surrounding discal foveae, only leaving corners light green. Genal process green. Compound eyes brown, ocelli orange. Antenna green, with apical 1/6 of segment III, apical half of IV, apical 4/5 of V, apical 2/3 of VI and apical 4/5 of VII black, and segments VIII–X entirely black. Mesopraescutum and mesoscutum with orange stripes/patterns. Postnotum more or less yellowish. Legs green. Fore wing hyaline and clear, veins brown. Hind wing hyaline. Apical tooth of paramere black. Area surrounding anus in female proctiger dark brown, proctiger beak and apical half of subgenital plate black.

Structures: Body relatively small and hairy. Head ( Fig. 45 ) large, conspicuously wider than mesoscutum, inclined from longitudinal body axis by about 70°. Genal processes ( Fig. 45 ) long-cone shaped, slightly longer than vertex along median suture, gradually attenuating apically and more or less divergent; apex acute or subacute, whip setae much longer than normal setae. Metatibia without basal spine, apical spurs 7 or 8, randomly grouped except for “thumb” and “little finger”. Fore wing ( Fig. 52 ) oblong oval, widest at apical 1/3; pterostigma long and narrow, smoothly transiting into vein R1; C+Sc, R1, R+M+Cu1, R, base of Rs and A1+2 with extraordinary long setae, gradually turning into normal tiny pterogostic setae apically; surface spinules present in all cells, leaving wide spinule-free bands along veins; radular spinules present in cells cu1, m2, m1 and r2, in r2 relatively dim.

Male terminalia: Proctiger ( Fig. 46 ) tubular and slightly curved, covered with long setae that grow denser apically. Paramere ( Figs 46 & 47 ) in profile slender, with basal 1/3 rooted in subgenital plate; base trapezoidal and wide, then gradually narrowed, subapex widened and curving, making apex strongly curved inward; apical tooth ( Fig. 48 ) small, with tip relatively protruding, subacute and pointing cephalad, base constricted; anterior margin of subapical widened section serrate and relatively narrow, with one strong seta growing from each “sawtooth”; outer surface with sparse and evenly spaced setation in apical half; inner surface with several short setae subapically, and dense long setae in basal half; three short setae based in inner surface of apical tooth always present. Distal segment of aedeagus ( Fig. 49 ) strongly curved downwards; apical dilatation taking about 1/3 length of distal segment of aedeagus, smoothly transiting from the latter, with apex rounded; sclerotised end tube of ductus ejaculatorius curved strongly caudad and slightly dorsally, not rising beyond dorsal surface. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 46 ) with one horizontal band of moderately long setae in dorsal margin and evenly spaced setae in ventral surface.

Female terminalia ( Fig. 50 ): Bulging before apical process of proctiger relatively smooth. Apical process of proctiger relatively thin and moderately rising upward, with dorsal surface slightly undulate; setation in apical process of proctiger asymmetrical by longitudinal body axis, each seta in Fig maybe absent. Subgenital plate wide and sub globular in basal half, relatively smoothly shrinking in mid, then gradually attenuated apically; several long setae present in basal half of narrow part; membranous part anterior to base with one or two long setae.

Intraspecific variation: Fields of surface spinules in cells r2, r1 and c+sc of fore wing of females conspicuously larger than that of males: in r2 reaching near basal angle; in r1 rather wide and long, covering about 2/3 area of the cell; in c+sc two separate fields slightly touching each other.

Fifth instar nymph. Coloration: For specimens dissected and made into permanent slide. All sclerites of head and thorax yellow. Legs yellow. Wing pads brown. Compound eyes red judging from remaining tissues. Antenna yellow, with black apices on segments 4–7; segment 8 black except for basal 1/6. Caudal plate both ventrally and dorsally dark brown. Ventral abdominal 2+2 large lateral free sclerites and 1+1 large median free sclerites dark brown.

Structures: Body margin not expanded before fore wing pad ( Fig. 53 ). Tarsal arolium ( Fig. 55 ) fan-shaped, with anterior margin moderately depressed; lateral lobe relatively broad. Field anterior to circum anal pore field rising upward and strongly extending caudad, forming one “cave” with “roof” dehiscing, covering two anterior angles of pore field, with posterior margin and middle section of anterior margin of inner and outer circum anal pore ring and anus visible ( Fig. 54 ). Viewing vertically through transparent dorsal aspect of caudal plate: outer circum anal pore ring ( Fig. 56 ) complete, consisting of long-narrow suture-shaped pores, with posterior margin slightly depressed; inner circum anal pore ring ( Fig. 56 ) consisting of small ellipse pores, posterior margin complete and composed of a line of single pores, breaking into broad band of relatively scattered pores in lateral aspect, anterior margin broken in middle. 2+2 strong setae present anterior-lateral to anal pore field, the line connecting their roots slightly curved ( Fig. 54 ).

Materials examined. Holotype: Male, dry mounted, China, Tibet, Zayü, Hongwei Village, 2100 m, on Zanthoxylum tibetanum , 1.vii.1978, Li Fasheng.

Paratypes: 8 male, 4 female, dry mounted; 2 5th-instar nymphs, permanent slide, with the same data as holotype.

Host plant: Zanthoxylum oxyphyllum (= Zanthoxylum tibetanum ) (jian ye hua jiao).

Figures

FIGURES 45 – 52. Cornopsylla trichotoma Li, adult. 45. Head, antennae removed; 46. male terminalia, in profile, without distal segment of aedeagus and phallobase; 47. inner view of paramere; 48. dorsal view of apex of paramere; 49. distal segment of aedeagus; 50. female terminalia, inner valvulae removed; 51. apical part of antenna; 52. fore wing of a male. Scale: for 1, 0.150 mm; for 46 & 51, 0.258 mm; for 47 & 49, 0.200 mm; for 48, 0.035 mm; for 50, 0.160 mm; for 52, 0.500 mm.

FIGURES 53 – 56. Cornopsylla trichotoma Li, fifth instar nymph, female. 53. Wing pads; 54. caudal plate, ventral view; 55. tarsal arolium; 56. circum anal pore rings, viewed through transparent dorsal aspect of caudal plate. Scale: for 53, 0.200 mm; for 54, 0.140 mm; for 55 & 56, 0.050 mm.

FIGURES 57 – 62. SEM photos for Cornopsylla spp. 57. Microscopic structure in vertex of Cornopsylla zanthoxylae Li; 58. Microscopic structure in vertex of Cornopsylla magna sp. nov.; 59. Microscopic structure in vertex of Cornopsylla rotundiconi sp. nov.; 60. Microscopic structure in vertex of Cornopsylla trichotoma Li; 61. circum anal pore field of fifth instar nymph of Cornopsylla magna sp. nov.; 62. circum anal pore field of fifth instar nymph of Cornopsylla rotundiconis sp. nov. Scales given in each figure.