Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758

Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza & Doadrio, Ignacio, 2020, Fig. 4 in Fig. 4 in Fig. 3 in Fig. 21. Sesarmops mora n in Paralbunea dayriti, Zoological Studies 59 (21), pp. 1-303 : 284-286

Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758 – Nonnative ( Fig. 518 )

Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 295; Type locality: Europe. Syntypes: Zool. Soc. Lond. 29 (left half-skin), 30–31 (2, right half-skins).

Gasterosteus bispinosus Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 450; Type locality: New York, U.S.A. Apparently an unneeded new name for Gasterosterus bispinosus Walbaum 1792 .

Gasterosteus teraculeatus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801: 295, 296; Type locality: Kamchatka, Russia. Unneeded new name for Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758 .

Gasteracanthus cataphractus Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 229.

Gasterosteus argyropomus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 498; Type locality: Florence, Italy. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–0677 (3).

Gasterosteus brachycentrus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 499; Type locality: Florence, Italy. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–0694 (3), 0000–7097 (2); SMF 1181 [ex MNHN] (1).

Gasterosteus gymnurus Cuvier [G.] (ex Willughby) 1829: 170; Type locality: England and northward; France. No types known.

Gasterosteus leiurus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 481, 487; Type locality: France; Germany. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–7088 (3), 0000–7151 (7).

Gasterosteus niger Cuvier [G.] 1829: 170; Type locality: Terre Neuve, eastern Canada. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–3057 (2).

Gasterosteus noveboracensis Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 502; Type locality: New York, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000–7074.

Gasterosteus obolarius Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 500; Type locality: Kamchatka, Russia.

Gasterosteus semiarmatus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 493; Type locality: Le Havre and Braie River near Abbeville, France. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–2347 (1), 0000–2348 (1), 0000–7078 (3).

Gasterosteus semiloricatus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 494; Type locality: Somme River, environs de Paris, Oise, Rochelle, Normandie, Caen, Hable d’Ault, Treport, Berlin. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–2347 (1).

Gasterosteus tetracanthus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 499; Type locality: Florence, Italy. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000–1821.

Gasterosteus trachurus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 481, 487; Type locality: France; Germany. Syntypes:?NMW 6918 (1).

Gasterosteus spinulosus Yarrell [W.] (ex Jenyns) 1835: 350; Type locality: Edinburgh, Scotland. No types known.

Gasterosteus dimidiatus Reinhardt [J. C. H.] 1837: 114, 137, 193; Type locality: Greenland. Syntypes: ZMUC.

Gasterosteus loricatus Reinhardt [J. C. H.] 1837: 114, 193 [32, 111]; Type locality: Greenland. No types known.

Gasterosteus biarmatus Krynicki [J.] in Nordmann 1840: 381; Type locality: Lagoons near Tarkanckut, Crimea. No types known.

Gasterosteus ponticus Nordmann [A. von] 1840: 380, 613; Type locality: Tauria, Black Sea. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–7098 (3), NMW 77244 (4).

Gasterosteus neoboracensis DeKay [J. E.] 1842: 66; Type locality: New York, U.S.A. No types known.

Gasterosteus nemausensis Crespon [J.] 1844: 283; Type locality: Nîmes, France. No types known

Gasterosteus quadrispinosa Crespon [J.] 1844: 283; Type locality: Vistre River and ditches around Nîmes, France. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown.

Gasterosteus cuvieri Girard [C. F.] in Storer 1850: 254; Type locality: Bras d’Or and Red Bay, Labrador, Canada. Non-types: MCZ 32812 (100), USNM 120288 [ex MCZ 32812] (6).

Gasterosteus inopinatus Girard [C. F.] 1854: 147; Type locality: A fresh water lagoon about 1 mile back of Presidio, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 6701 (1), MNHN 0000–0300 [ex USNM] (2).

Gasterosteus plebeius Girard [C. F.] 1854: 147; Type locality: Salt marshes about Presidio, California, U.S.A. Syntypes and/or Girard specimens: FMNH 6038 (4) Petaluma, MCZ 6706 (6) Petaluma, California, MNHN 0298 [ex USNM] (8) Petaluma;?UMMZ 146720 or 146721 (1).

Gasterosteus microcephalus Girard [C. F.] 1854: 133; Type locality: Tule Lake, San Joaquin Valley, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 14275–87 (13), 14288–89 (2, missing); MNHN 0000– 0302 [ex USNM] (1); UMMZ 146720 (4).

Gasterosteus williamsoni Girard [C. F.] 1854: 133; Type locality: Upper part of Santa Clara River, Soledad Canyon, Los Angeles County, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–0303 [ex USNM] (1), USNM 340 (now 1).

Gasterosteus dekayi Ayres [W. O.] 1855: 48; Type locality: Based on Gasterosteus biaculeatus of DeKay.

Gasterosteus insculptus Richardson [J.] 1855: 356; Type locality: Northumberland Sound , western Greenland. Holotype (unique):? BMNH.

Gasterosteus serratus Ayres [W. O.] 1855: [2] col. 6; Type locality: San Francisco , California, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): apparently lost. Non-types: MNHN 0299 [ex USNM] (1).

Gasterosteus intermedius Girard [C. F.] 1856: 135; Type locality: Cape Flattery, Washington, U.S.A.

Gasterosteus pugetti Girard [C. F.] 1856: 135; Type locality: Fort Steilacoom, Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A.

Gasterosteus argentatissimus Blanchard [C. E.] 1866: 232; Type locality: Brooks near Avignon, France. Syntypes: BMNH 1883.7.4.5–10 [ex MNHN] (6?); MNHN 0000–6675 (6), 6678 (8 + 10); USNM 21140 [ex MNHN] (5).

Gasterosteus bailloni Blanchard [C. E.] 1866: 231; Type locality: Abbeville, France. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–7151 (7), 0000–7153 (12).

Gasterosteus elegans Blanchard [C. E.] 1866: 234; Type locality: Between Cadillac and Langon, Gironde, southwestern France. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–6673 (2).

Gasterosteus neustrianus Blanchard [C. E.] 1866: 220; Type locality: Brooks in Harfleur and Gournay, France. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–7114 (1).

Gasterosteus algeriensis Sauvage [H.-E.] 1874: 17; Type locality: Algeria. Syntypes: MNHN 0000–5123 (4).

Gasterosteus suppositus Sauvage [H.-E.] 1874: 11; Type locality: New York, U.S.A.

Gasterosteus texanus Sauvage [H.-E.] 1874: 15; Type locality: Texas, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000–7076.

Gasterosteus atkinsii Bean [T. H.] 1879: 67; Type locality: Schoodic Lakes, Maine, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 22492 (6, now 5).

Gastrosteus hologymnus Regan [C. T.] 1909: 436; Type locality: Rome, Italy. Syntypes: BMNH (5).

Gasterosteus santaeannae Regan [C. T.] 1909: 437; Type locality: Colton, Santa Ana River, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: BMNH (3).

Gasterosteus williamsoni japonicus Franz [V.] 1910: 19; Type locality: Misaki, Japan. Syntypes: ZSM [old collection] (2) destroyed in WWII.

Common name: Pr: Sekhare, En: Threespine stickleback.

Diagnosis: 3 strong dorsal spines, strong pelvic fin spine with a single cusp at the base and the row of plates along the flank are distinctive.

Meristic characters: D 1: II–IV (III), D 2: I 7–14, A: I 6–13, P: 8–11 (10), V: 1, PF: 30–37, GR: 14–27, TV: 27–36.

Distribution: Caspian Sea basin, also maybe found Kavir and Hari basins ( Fig. 519). Found in the lower reaches of rivers along the Caspian Sea basin. Some researchers reported this species from the middle to upper Kashafrud and the upper Kal Shur River but we never found any individual of this species from the reported localities.

Taxonomy.

Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Native population, NatureServe 2015), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.

Figures

Fig. 518. Gasterosteus aculeatus. Photograph from Hokkaido, Japan (Photographed by H. Miyahara).