Lamproclasiopa nana (Williston)

Costa, Daniel N. R., Mathis, Wayne N. & Marinoni, Luciane, 2016, A revision of the shore-fly genus Lamproclasiopa Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae), ZooKeys 631, pp. 1-99 : 51-55

Taxon classification Animalia Diptera Ephydridae

Lamproclasiopa nana (Williston) Figs 75-76, 77-80, 81

Discocerina nana Williston 1896: 396.

Ditrichophora nana . Cresson 1924: 159 [generic combination].

Discocerina (Basila) nana . Cresson 1946: 149 [review]. Wirth 1968: 7 [Neotropical catalog]. Mathis and Edmiston 1991: 824 [review of Williston’s St. Vincent species]. Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 165 [world catalog].

Lamproclasiopa nana . Zatwarnicki and Mathis 2001: 39 [generic combination]. Perez-Gelabert 2008: 177 [list, Hispaniola].

Diagnosis.

This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Small to moderately small shore-flies, body length 1.60-2.40 mm. Head: Frons distinctly two toned, fronto-orbits and narrow, medial triangular area densely microtomentose, velvety black; mesofrons other than narrow, medial triangle, seriaceus, bronzish to copperish gray to blue. Antenna yellow, some specimens slightly black anterodorsally. Facial series with 2 setae on each side; face also distinctly two toned, a narrow, bare, shiny, vertical stripe that is bordered laterally by dense, palely golden-white microtomentum; parafacial very narrow, densely silvery white microtomentose. Gena relatively short, gena-to-eye ratio 0.06-0.10. Thorax: Mesonotum almost uniformly colored and invested with light dusting of microtomentum, lacking distinct stripes or isolated spots; presutural supra-alar seta well developed. Wing hyaline; costal vein ratio 0.71-0.90; M vein ratio 0.57-0.62. Coxae, femora and tibiae black, tarsi yellow; forefemur with 4-5 stout, peg-like setae on apical third along posteroventral margin. Abdomen: Tergites shiny black. Male terminalia (Figs 77-80): Epandrium in posterior view (Fig. 77) disconnected dorsally, each lateral portion vertically elongate and robustly developed, height nearly 3 × width, ventral portion on each side tapered laterally to medial, pointed apex, sloping ventral margin more conspicuously setulose, setulae mostly straight, also setulose dorsally, these setulae shallowly curved; cerci in posterior view (Fig. 77) very narrowly developed, elongate, bearing more setulae dorsally, linear; gonite in lateral view (Fig. 80) shallowly and broadly zigzagged, each apex narrowed, in ventral (Fig. 79) view linear, rod-like; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 80) generally rectangular, more broadly developed apically, apical margin slightly emar ginate, with an elongate, narrow membranous extension, in ventral view an elongate, narrow, rod-like structure, narrowly truncate basally, apex roundly tapered to narrow point; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 80) with distinctive, relatively broad keel, each extended process abruptly narrowed, in ventral view elongate with each end wider and with short, midheight papilla-like extensions laterally; hypandrium in lateral view (Fig. 80) mostly rectangular with posterior, narrow process angled toward aedeagus, in ventral view (Fig. 79) rectangular, wider than long, anterior margin produced to form a short, medial point, posterior margin very shallowly concave.

Type material.

The lectotype male of Discocerina nana Williston (designated by Mathis and Edmiston 1991: 824) is labeled "Co-type [circular label with a yellow border]/1000 feet/[a black, square label]/St. Vincent, W.I. H. H. Smith./W.Indies. 1907-66./ Discocerina nana Will. [handwritten, two red submarginal borders]/LECTOTYPE Discocerina nana Will. ♂ By W.N.Mathis [handwritten except for “LECTOTYPE” and “By”, black sub-border]." the lectotype is double mounted (pin in a rectangular piece of cardboard), is in good condition, and is deposited in the BMNH. There are also eight paralectotypes as follows: BMNH (5♂, 1♀), AMNH (1♂, 1♀). Williston, in the original description, noted that the type series included "Numerous specimens."

Type locality.

West Indies. St. Vincent (13°15'N, 61°11'W).

Other specimens examined.

BOLIVIA. La Paz: Guanay (22 km SE; 15°17.8'S, 68°15.6'W; 540 m), 17 Mar 2001, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).

BRAZIL. Paraná: Colombo (Santa Monica tennis club; 25°23.1'S, 49°08.8'W; 860 m), 18 Mar 2015, Daniel N. R. Costa (1♂; DZUP); Curitiba, Parque Iguaçú (25°33.4'S, 49°13.6'W; 880 m), 20-31 Aug 2012, Daniel. N. R. Costa (5♂; DZUP); Curitiba, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Reserva Biológica (25°26.9'S, 49°14'W; 915 m), 6-13 Feb 2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; DZUP, USNM).

COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Medellín (6°14.1'N, 75°34.5'W; coffee finca; 1525 m), Nov 1955, W. B. Heed (2♂; USNM). Cauca: Popayán (30 km N; 2°36'N, 76°31.6'W), M. R. Wheeler (1♂; USNM). Valle de Cauca: Palmira (3°32.4'N, 76°18.4'W), Mar 1958, M. R. Wheeler (1♂, 1♀; USNM). Cali (10 km W; 3°26.7'N, 76°37.3'W; 1640 m), 20 Mar 1955, E. I. Schlinger, E. S. Ross (1♂; USNM).

COSTA RICA. Cartago: Juan Viñas (09°53.6'N, 83°15.3'W), 28 Apr 1910, P. P. Calvert (1♀; ANSP); La Suiza (9°51.5'N, 83°37.5'W), 6 May 1926, P. Schild (3♀; ANSP, USNM). Puntarenas: Pedregosa (09°08.4'N, 83°43.5'W), D. L. Rounds (1♀; ANSP). San José: Moravia, Zurquí de Moravia (Tower path; 10°2.8'N, 84°0.6'W, 1600 m), 6 Sep-29 Dec 2012, 2013, Project ZADBI (2♂, 5♀; MNCR-A).

CUBA. Sancti Spiritus: Topes de Collantes (21°55.2'N, 80°02'W; 350 m), 10 Dec 1994, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).

DOMINICA. Antrim Valley (15°20.7'N, 61°22.2'W; 305 m), 17 Mar 1956, J. F. G. Clarke (1♂, 3♀; USNM). Clarke Hall (15°24.5'N, 61°23.7'W), 16 Jan-21-31 Mar 1965, W. W. Wirth (1♂, 1♀; USNM). Fond Figues River (15°24'N, 61°18'W; 122 m), 30 Jan-22 Apr 1965, 1966, R. J. Gagné, W. W. Wirth (9♀, 2♀; USNM). G’leau Gommier near Belles (15°25.4'N, 61°20.4'W), 17 Mar 1956, J. F. G. Clarke (2♂, 6♀; USNM). Layou River (15°25.8'N, 61°21.4'W; 5 km E), 23 Mar 1989, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Pont Cassé (15°22.7'N, 61°20.6'W), 12 Feb-18 Jun 1965, 1991, D. and W. N. Mathis, W. W. Wirth (11♂, 2♀; USNM). South Chiltern Estate (15°14.8'N, 61°21.8'W), 2 Feb 1965, W. W. Wirth (1♀; USNM). Toucari (2 km S; 15°36.6'N, 61°27.8'W), 21 Mar 1989, W. N. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; USNM). Trafalgar Falls (15°19'N, 61°21'W; 365 m), 6 Mar-19 Jun 1965, 1991, R. J. Gagné, D. and W. N. Mathis, W. W. Wirth (4♂, 4♀; USNM).

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. Barahona: San Rafael (18°01.9'N, 71°08.4'W), 22 Mar 1999, W. N. Mathis (3♂, 3♀; USNM). La Vega: Jarabacoa (5 km S; 19°05.8'N, 70°36.5'W; 640 m), 8-20 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (9♂, 2♀; USNM); Paso de la Vaca, road from Monseñor Nouel to Constanza (19°04'N, 70°16.9'W; 1500 m), 27 Dec 1955, J. Maldonado Capriles (1♂, 1♀; USNM). Pedernales: Rio Mulito (21 km N Pedernales; 18°09.3'N, 71°45.6'W; 270 m), 18-20 Mar 1999, W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM). San Jose de Ocoa: San Jose de Ocoa (30.6 km N; 18°49.5'N, 70°30'W; 914 m), 30 Jul 1991, D. Grimaldi, J. Stark (2♂; AMNH).

JAMAICA. Portland: Reach Falls (18°01.8'N, 76°18.7'W), 15 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. Williams (1♂; USNM); Reach Falls, Drivers River (18°01.9'N, 76°18.7'W; 70 m), 25 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Section (0.5 km E; 18°05.2'N, 76°43.9'W; 1020 m), 28 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (9♂, 4♀; USNM). St. Andrew: Cinchona (18°04.4'N, 76°39.3'W; 1400 m), 29 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (3♀; USNM); Hardwar Gap (18°04.2'N, 76°44'W), 17 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. Williams (2♂; USNM); Hardwar Gap (18°04.2'N, 76°44'W; 1170 m), 27 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (4♂, 1♀; USNM); Hollywell (18°05.2'N, 76°43.9'W; 1100 m); 28 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (7♂; USNM); Mavis Bank (near coffee factory; 18°01.4'N, 76°39.7'W; waterfall), 21-23 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Mavis Bank (1.5 km W; 18°01.4'N, 76°39.9'W), 22 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 2♀; USNM); Mavis Bank (1.7 km E; 18°02.4'N, 77°39.5'W; 575 m), Yallahs River, 21-22 Apr-1 May 2000, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Newcastle (6 km S; 18°04.3'N, 76°42.6'W; 950 m; waterfall), 30 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (14♂; USNM).

PERU. Cuzco: Paucartambo, Puente San Pedro (ca 50 km NW Pilcopata; 13°03.3'S, 71°32.8'W; 1600 m), 3 Sep 1988, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM). Madre de Dios: Río Manu, Pakitza (11°56.6'S, 71°16.9'W; 250 m), 9-23 Sep 1988, W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM).

PUERTO RICO. Adjuntas (near; 18°09.7'N, 66°46.6'W), 22 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (25♂, 4♀; USNM). El Verde (18°13.5'N, 66°0-3.2'W; near biological station road), 3 Feb 1989, S.A. Marshall (1♂, 6♀; GUE). El Yungue (18°18.4'N, 65°45.6'W), 20-22 Mar 1954, J. Maldonado Capriles (1♂; USNM). Maricao, Los Viveros (18°10.5'N, 66°59.2'W), 21 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM). Maricao (4 km WNW; 18°10.7'N, 66°59.6'W), 21 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).

ST. LUCIA. Fond St. Jacques (13°50'N, 61°02'W), 13-14 Jun 1991, D. and W. N. Mathis (16♂, 8♀; USNM). Soufrière Botanical Garden (13°51'N, 61°04'W), 12 Jun 1991, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM).

ST. VINCENT. St. Patrick: Hermitage (6 km E Spring Village at Cumberland River; 13°14'N, 61°13.2'W; 550 m), 9 Jul 1989, M. Sorensson, B. Mårtensson (8♂, 2♀; MZLU); Hermitage (13°15'N, 61°12.9'W), 9 Sep 1997, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).

TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO. Tobago. St. John: Charlotteville (2 km S; 11°19'N, 60°33'W), 10 Jun 1993, 1994, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Parlatuvier (creek; 11°17.9'N, 60°35'W), 20 Apr 1994, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM). St. Paul: Roxborough (6 km NNW; 11°16'N, 60°35.4'W), 20 Apr 1994, W. N. Mathis (8♂, 6♀; USNM); Roxborough (6.5 km N; 11°17'N, 60°35'W), 14 Jun 1993, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Trinidad. St. George: Marianne River (9 km S; 10°46'N, 61°18'W), 25 Jun 1993, W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Mount St. Benedict (10°39'N, 61°24'W), 18-21 Jun 1993, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Mount St. Benedict (10°39'N, 61°24'W; creek near base), 19 Jun 1993, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).

Distribution

(Fig. 81). Neotropical: Bolivia (La Paz), Brazil ( Paraná), Costa Rica (Cartago), Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Valle de Cauca), Peru (Cuzco, Madre de Dios), Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies (Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, St. Lucia, St. Vincent).

Remarks.

This species is beautifully and strikingly colored, especially the head, and this color pattern distinguishes it from congeners. These characters, as noted in this species’ diagnosis, are as follows: Frons distinctly two toned; fronto-orbits narrow; medial triangular area densely microtomentose, velvety black; mesofrons, other than narrow, medial triangle, seriaceus, bronzish to copperish gray to blue; antenna yellow, some specimens slightly black anterodorsally. Facial series with two setae on each side; face also distinctly two toned, a narrow, bare, shiny, vertical stripe that is bordered laterally by dense, palely golden-white microtomentum; parafacial very narrow, densely silvery white microtomentose; wing hyaline.

Just as the color pattern of the head is unique among congeners, the structures of the male terminalia likewise represent a departure from the more typical pattern. This is especially evident in the shape of the epandrium, which exhibits a dorsal gap and the lateral arms are greatly thickened. Like many other species of Lamproclasiopa , there are loosely clustered setulae along the ventromedial margin. The cerci are slender and comparatively elongated. The internal structures are more typical, although the aedeagus in lateral view is more rectangular than being narrowly triangular and a slender, membranous distiphallus is often exposed.