Chimena qiong, Lin & Li, 2022

Lin, Yucheng & Li, Shuqiang, 2022, Chimena gen. nov., a new spider genus (Araneae, Mysmenidae) from China, with descriptions of two new species and a new combination, ZooKeys 1125, pp. 69-86 : 69

Chimena qiong sp. nov.

Figs 3 , 4 , 8

Type material.

Holotype ♂ (IZCAS) and paratypes 2♀ (IZCAS), China: Hainan Province, Limushan Township, Limushan Natural Reserve, Yinhe Protected Station, 19°12.002'N, 109°43.710'E, 591 ± 20 m, 25.III.2012, Z. Chen leg.; paratypes 2♀ (IZCAS), China: Hainan Province, Changjiang Township, Bawangling Natural Reserve, near the Yaga Convention Centre, 19°04.828'N, 109°07.369'E, 567 ± 20 m, 13.IV.2012, Z. Chen leg.; Paratypes 1♂ (IZCAS); China: Hainan Province, Lingshui County, Diaoluoshan Natural Reserve, 18°43.505'N, 108°52.104'E, 920 m, 18.VI.2011, Y. Zhou leg.

Etymology.

The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to ‘qiong’, which is short for Hainan Province.

Diagnosis.

Males and females are similar to Chimena taiwanica comb. nov. in having a long, coiled embolus and the configuration of the vulva, but they can be distinguished by having three pairs of cheliceral spines (two pairs in the latter) (Fig. 4E vs. Fig. 6E ) and a horn-shaped process (CyP1) on the cymbial conductor (tooth-shaped in the latter) (Fig. 3E, G vs. Fig. 5C, H ). The female differs from congeners by the strongly spiralled, longer spermathecae (moderately spiralled in C. taiwanica comb. nov., and shorter in C. nantou sp. nov.) (Fig. 4I, J vs. Figs 6I, J , 7E, F ).

Description.

Male. Habitus as in Fig. 4A, B, E, F . Total length 0.63. Carapace 0.23 long, 0.24 wide. Clypeus 0.11 high. Sternum 0.20 long, 0.19 wide. Abdomen 0.45 long, 0.44 wide. Length of legs: I 0.92 (0.29, 0.13, 0.18, 0.14, 0.18); II 0.80 (0.27, 0.09, 0.17, 0.12, 0.15); III 0.60 (0.17, 0.08, 0.12, 0.11, 0.12); IV 0.73 (0.21, 0.08, 0.15, 0.14, 0.15). Carapace pale yellow, black on cephalic area, pear-shaped. Cephalic area strongly raised. AER procurved, PER straight. Mouthparts pale brown. Chelicerae bearing 3 pairs of strong spines anteriorly (Fig. 4E ). Sternum subtriangular, slightly plump, pale, anterior-centrally and laterally black, posteriorly truncated. Legs pale, gradually darkening to grey at each segment distally. Patella with distodorsal seta, proximal seta on tibia. Mesal clasping spine and distal, small nodule on metatarsus I (Figs 3C , 4B ). Abdominal dorsum rounded, darkish grey, with paired light speckles, white stripe laterally and posteriorly. Posterior area of epigastric furrow and spinnerets black. Colulus black, long, tongue shaped.

Palp (Fig. 3A, B, D-G ): weakly sclerotized. Femur equal to 2.2 × length of patella, patella approximately half of tibial width. Tibia cup-shaped, with dense, long setae dorsally. Cymbium narrow basally, wrapped around bulb ventrally and retrolaterally; distal cymbial conductor triangular, lamellar, a sub-distal tooth-shaped process (CyP1) at medial margin; paracymbium wide, earlobe shaped, bearing a few long setae and a sharp process (CyP2) distally. CyP1 almost same length as CyP2. Cymbial fold located at base of CyP1, with a few short setae (CyFs). Tegulum flat, smooth; subtegulum translucent, inner spermatic duct faintly visible. Embolus very long, filiform, tightly coiled around entire tegulum at least 10 times, distal end extending to cymbial conductor (CyC).

Female. Habitus as in Fig. 4C, D, G . Total length 0.72. Carapace 0.23 long, 0.25 wide. Clypeus 0.06 high. Sternum 0.19 long, 0.17 wide. Abdomen 0.48 long, 0.43 wide. Length of legs: I 0.90 (0.28, 0.12, 0.18, 0.15, 0.17); II 0.82 (0.25, 0.10, 0.18, 0.13, 0.15); III 0.63 (0.18, 0.09, 0.12, 0.11, 0.13); IV 0.76 (0.22, 0.09, 0.15, 0.14, 0.16). Cephalic area moderately raised, chelicerae unmodified, femur I with weak sclerotized spot; other features as in male.

Epigyne (Fig. 4H-J ): genital area bears sparse setae, with central dark speckle. Scape tongue shaped, protruded, rugose, membranous. Spermathecae long, claviform, separated by about their length, base near epigynal posterior margin. Copulatory ducts membranous, translucent, distal part overlapping and convoluted at spermathecae anteriorly. Fertilization ducts long, middle and proximal parts entwined with spermathecae, distal part extends horizontally to atrium.

Distribution.

China (Hainan) (Fig. 8 ).

Figures

Figure 3. Chimena qiong sp. nov., male A left palpal bulb, retrolateral B palpal bulb, prolateral C distal segments of right leg I, prolateral D cymbium, apical E cymbium, retrolateral F left palp, retrolateral G left palp, prolateral. Abbreviations: BH basal haematodocha; CyC cymbial conductor; CyF cymbial fold; CyFs setae on cymbial fold; CyP 1 process on cymbial conductor; CyP 2 process on paracymbium; PC paracymbium; E embolus; MN male metatarsal nodule at distal-prolaterally; MS male metatarsal clasping spine; SD spermatic duct; St subtegulum; Ti palpal tibia. Scale bars: 0.10 mm.

Figure 4. Chimena qiong sp. nov., male (A, B, E, F) and female (C, D, G-J) A, C habitus, dorsal B, D habitus, ventral E prosoma, front-lateral, F, G habitus, lateral H epigyne, ventral I vulva, ventral J vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD copulatory ducts; CS cheliceral spines rooted at base; FD fertilization ducts; MN male metatarsal nodule at distal-prolaterally; MS male metatarsal clasping spine; S spermathecae; SP scape. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-D, F, G); 0.20 mm (E); 0.10 mm (H-J).

Figure 5. Chimena taiwanica (Ono, 2007) comb. nov., male A left palpal bulb, retrolateral B cymbium, apical C cymbium, dorsal-retrolateral D left palp, apical E left palp, ventral F left palp, dorsal G left palp, retrolateral H left palp, retrolateral. Abbreviations: Cy cymbium; CyC cymbial conductor; CyF cymbial fold; CyFs setae on cymbial fold; CT cymbial tooth; CyP 2 process on paracymbium; PC paracymbium; E embolus; SD spermatic duct; St subtegulum; T tegulum; Ti palpal tibia. Scale bars: 0.10 mm.

Figure 6. Chimena taiwanica (Ono, 2007) comb. nov., male (A, B, E, F) and female (C, D, G-J) A, C habitus, dorsal B, D habitus, ventral E prosoma, front-lateral F, G habitus, lateral H epigyne, ventral I vulva, ventral J vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD copulatory ducts; CS cheliceral spines rooted at base; FD fertilization ducts; MS male metatarsal clasping spine; S spermathecae; SP scape. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-D, F, G); 0.20 mm (E); 0.10 mm (H-J).

Figure 7. Chimena nantou sp. nov., holotype female A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C habitus, lateral D epigyne, ventral E vulva, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD copulatory ducts; FD fertilization ducts; S spermathecae; SP scape. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-C); 0.10 mm (D-F).

Figure 8. Distribution records of three Chimena spp.: C. qiong sp. nov. (red dot), C. taiwanica (green dot) and C. nantou sp. nov. (blue dot).