Aulacopalpus, Guerin-Meneville, 1838

Smith, Andrew B. T., 2002, Revision Of The Southern South American Endemic Genus Aulacopalpus Guérin-Méneville With Phylogenetic And Biogeographic Analyses Of The Subtribe Brachysternina (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini), The Coleopterists Bulletin 56 (3), pp. 379-437 : 399-401

Genus AULACOPALPUS Guérin­Méneville, 1838

Aulacopalpus Guérin­Méneville 1838 a:57 . Type species Aulacopalpus viridis Guérin­Méneville fixed by monotypy.

Tribostethes Curtis 1845:448 . Type species Brachysternus castaneus Laporte fixed by monotypy. NEW SYNONYMY.

Bembegeneius Solier 1851:84 . Type species Bembegeneius fulvescens Solier fixed by monotypy. Placed in synonymy with Aulacopalpus by Ohaus (1918).

Sulcipalpus Harold 1869 a:1232 . Type species Aulacopalpus viridis Guérin­ Méneville. Sulcipalpus was proposed as a replacement name for Aulacopalpus , but the replacement name is unjustified emendation. Sulcipalpus is a junior objective synonym of Aulacopalpus and has the same type species.

Pseudadelphus Arrow 1899:369 . Type species Tribostethes ciliatus Solier fixed by monotypy. Placed in synonymy with Aulacopalpus by Ohaus (1905).

Amblyterodes Germain 1905:470 . Type species Aulacopalpus viridis Guérin­ Méneville HERE DESIGNATED (see ‘‘Taxonomic History’’ section). Placed in synonymy with Aulacopalpus by Ohaus (1918).

Aegolasia Kolbe 1907:112 . Type species Aegolasia michaelseni Kolbe fixed by monotypy. Placed in synonymy with Aulacopalpus by Martínez (1975).

Description. Length 10.0–20.0 mm. Width 5.5–10.8 mm. Color: Dorsally green to brown, ventrally brown. Head: Dorsal surface punctate and setose; punctures dense, moderately large; setae long, slender, tawny to cream­colored. Frontoclypeal suture complete. Clypeal apex rounded, moderately reflexed. Labrum with apex vertically produced

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with respect to clypeus, moderately produced at middle, rounded or triangular. Mandibles with proximal molar lobe well developed with more than 10 black lamellae or reduced with less than 10 black lamellae. Maxillary surface moderately setose; maxilla with 3– 5 poorly defined teeth on 2 elevated ridges or reduced with no distinguishable teeth on 1 weakly elevated ridge; maxillary palpus with terminal segment longer than basal 3 segments, with deep sulcus. Mentum with surface moderately setose, apex moderately produced or reflexed into oral cavity. Antenna 10­segmented (sometimes appearing 9­ segmented) with 3­segmented club. Pronotum: Form widest at middle, basomedially protuberant towards posterior. Surface moderately to densely punctate with moderately large punctures, setae usually present; setae long, slender, tawny to cream­colored. Marginal bead present laterally. Scutellum: Surface glabrous, moderately punctate with moderately large punctures. Elytron: Surface glabrous to sparsely setose; setae long, slender, tawny to cream­colored (never scale­like); longitudinal striae punctate or moderately impressed. Epipleuron rounded, marginal bead complete; row of dense setae just ventral to bead present medially, sometimes absent in apical and basal 1/5. Membranous border thickened apically. Hind Wing: Leading margin with row of setae on apical half. Vein AA 1+2 about 1/4 length of AA 3+4. Pygidium: Surface evenly convex, sparsely to moderately punctate, setose; setae long, slender, tawny to cream­colored (never scale­like). Apex evenly rounded. Venter: Thorax densely to moderately setose; setae usually long, tawny. Prothoracic and metathoracic processes absent. Abdominal sternites moderately setose; setae moderately long, tawny, yellowish­brown, or cream­colored. Apical spiracle

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with or without supraspiracular ridge. Apical abdominal sternite of female not deeply emarginate. Legs: Coxae, trochanters, and femora moderately setose; setae long, tawny,

yellowish­brown, or cream­colored. Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half. Male protarsal claws with modified claw thickened and bifurcate (sometimes weakly), male meso­ and metatarsal claws with modified claw thickened and bifurcate or with all claws simple. Female tarsal claws with ventral tooth on modified claw or with all claws simple. Protarsomere 4 with or without recurved spines. Tarsomere 5 with or without ventromedial tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, produced beyond apex of tarsomere 5, with 2 apical setae. Parameres: Figures. 11–20 . Form symmetrical in caudal view.

Diagnosis. This genus is distinguished from all other genera of Neotropical Anoplognathini by the following combination of characters: elytron with membranous border (more pronounced at apex of elytron), metathoracic process absent, parameres with apices widely separated (not close together), unguitractor plate with 2 setae, tarsomere 5 usually without tooth (two species have the tooth), claws usually split or toothed (three species have some or all claws simple), last abdominal sternite (in females) with apex entire (not emarginate), and elytra glabrous or with setae hair­like (not thick or scale like).

Distribution (Maps 1–4). Known from central Chile and west­central Argentina south to Tierra del Fuego.

Figures

Figs. 6–11. 6) Protarsomere 5 and claw of male Aulacopalpus pilicollis, 7) Protarsomere 5 and claw of male Aulacopalpus pygidialis. 8) Protarsomere 5 and claw of female Aulacopalpus ciliatus. 9) Dorsal view of modified proclaw of male Aulacopalpus ciliatus. 10) Dorsal view of modified proclaw of male Aulacopalpus castaneus. 11) Lateral view of Aulacopalpus valdiviensis parameres and phallobase.

Figs. 12–20. Parameres in caudal view. 12) Aulacopalpus aconcaguensis; 13) Aulacopalpus ciliatus; 14) Aulacopalpus clypealis; 15) Aulacopalpus pilicollis; 16) Aulacopalpus castaneus; 17) Aulacopalpus punctatus; 18) Aulacopalpus viridis; 19) Aulacopalpus pygidialis, 20) Aulacopalpus valdiviensis.