Aspilanta ampelopsifoliella (Chambers, 1874) Nieukerken & Eiseman, 2020

Nieukerken, Erik J. van & Eiseman, Charles S., 2020, Splitting the leafmining shield-bearer moth genus Antispila Huebner (Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae): North American species with reduced venation placed in Aspilanta new genus, with a review of heliozelid morphology, ZooKeys 957, pp. 105-161 : 105

Aspilanta ampelopsifoliella (Chambers, 1874) comb. n. Figs 3 , 11 , 22 , 33 , 34 , 37-39 , 47 , 48 , 69-79

Antispila ampelopsifoliella Chambers, 1874a: 168. Syntypes: leafmines [USA: Kentucky, Covington] on Ampelopsis quinquefolia [= Parthenocissus quinquefolia ], “pseudotypes”, Kentucky, Covington (MCZ) [examined].

Antispila ampelopsisella Chambers, 1874b: 197. Subsequent incorrect spelling.

Antispila ampelopsiella Chambers, 1874b: 198. Subsequent incorrect spelling.

Antispila ampelopsilofoliella : internet error.

Antispila ampelopsifoliella ; Edwards 1889: 126; Needham et al. 1928: 289 [partim]; Davis 1983b: 4 [partim]; Grehan et al. 1995: 46 [partim]; van Nieukerken et al. 2012: 54; van Nieukerken and Pohl 2018: 41; Eiseman 2019: 190, 434, 729, 730.

Antispila ampelopsiella ; Chambers 1877: 195 [partim]; Chambers 1879: 126 [partim]; Dyar et al. 1903: 539 [partim]; Barnes and McDunnough 1917: 181 [partim]; Forbes 1923: 226; McDunnough 1939: 91 [partim]; Brower 1984: 29 [partim].

Differential diagnosis.

Wingspan ca. 5.0-5.3 mm, forewing length 2.4-2.6 mm. Externally inseparable from A. oinophylla (see above) and A. “Vitis1_USA”. Male genitalia characterised by the non-bilobed tegumen, pecten with 11-14 sensilla, and phallus with rather small curved spine at phallotrema. Female oviscapt with 3 cusps at either side. Leafmines recognised by long linear portion that is often sinuous.

Host plants.

Vitaceae : Parthenocissus quinquefolia , P. vitacea .

Leafmines.

(Figs 69-79 ) Egg in the majority of examined mines close to midrib, when at leaf margin then usually close to leaf base, occasionally near another vein. The mine starts with a long linear portion, often very sinuous, occasionally straighter, when it runs along the leaflet margin; gradually widening into elongate blotch. Frass brown to black, initially broken linear, later irregularly dispersed, not always in centre of linear portion; in blotch more or less in centre throughout. The larva cuts out an elliptic case ca. 3.5-4 mm long.

Larva.

Colourless or whitish except for green gut contents, in contrast with yellow-green larva of A. viticordifoliella on the same host plant (compare Figs 69 , 70 with 97-100); head and prothorax almost black.

Life history.

Poorly known. Larvae found from June (Oklahoma), August and September, field caught adults only from early July. The adult from the June larva emerged the following spring, like those from August and September larvae, suggesting that this species is univoltine.

Distribution.

Canada: Ontario; USA: Connecticut, Kentucky, Massachusetts*, New York, Oklahoma*, Rhode Island*, Vermont, Wisconsin*.

Barcode.

BIN: BOLD:ABA3237, average distance 0.3%, max. distance 1.12% (n = 10), distance to nearest neighbour 8.79% (BOLD:ACO9420, an unidentified Heliozelidae from Mexico, most likely an Aspilanta species).

Parasitoids.

Eulophidae : Chrysocharis paradoxa Hansson, 1985 (MA), Closterocerus cinctipennis Ashmead, 1888 (MA); Braconidae : Microgastrinae sp. (MA), Pseudognaptodon sp. (VT).

Remarks.

The identity of this species follows from the discussion in van Nieukerken et al. (2012). As there are no Syntypes to select as Lectotype, we suggest that a reared male specimen should be selected as Neotype, preferably collected as close to the type locality as possible.

Material: Adults examined.

CANADA - Ontario • 3 ♀; Normandale; 42.71N, 80.31W; Freeman, Lewis leg.; Parthenocissus ; emerged 15-23 Mar. 1958; EventId: 57-157; Genitalia slide: MIC1865, MIC1869, MIC1867; CNCLEP00100465, 00122296, 00122301. • 1 ♂; Normandale; 42.71N, 80.31W; Freeman, Lewis leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; emerged 13 Mar. 1958; EventId: 57-157; Genitalia slide: MIC1866; CNCLEP00100464. • 6; Normandale; 42.71N, 80.31W; Freeman & Lewis leg.; Parthenocissus ( quinquefolia ); emerged 14-19 Mar. 1958; EventId: 57-157; CNCLEP00122294, 00122295, 00122297-00122300. • 1 ♂; Overbrook; 45.42N, 75.65W; G.G. Lewis leg.; Parthenocissus vitacea ; emerged 05 Jul. 1956; EventId: 55-57; CNCLEP00122409. • 1; Simcoe; 42.83N, 80.31W; T.N. Freeman leg.; emerged 16 Jan. 1960; EventId: 65-80; CNCLEP00100466.

USA - Connecticut • 1 ♂; Winham Co, Windham airport, Mansfield Hollow SP; 41.74783N, 72.16409W; alt. 80 m; 09 Sep. 2011; E.J. van Nieukerken leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; emerged 24 Apr. 2012; EventId: EvN no 2011178-2K; Genitalia slide: EvN4377; RMNH.INS.24377. • 1; same data as preceding; emerged 05 May. 2012; RMNH. - Massachusetts • 1 ♂; Hampshire Co., Pelham, 88 Arnold Rd.; 42.3629N, 72.4598W; 30 Aug. 2013; C.S. Eiseman leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; emerged 13 May. 2014; EventId: CSE1108; CSEC. • 1 ♀; Hampshire Co., Pelham, 88 Arnold Rd.; 42.3629N, 72.4598W; 04 Sep. 2013; C.S. Eiseman leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; emerged 05 May. 2014; EventId: CSE1102; CSEC. - New York • 1 ♂; St Lawrence Co., Oak Point; 44.51499N, 75.748734W; 12 Aug. 1988-17 Aug. 1988; D.L. Wagner leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; emerged 14 Mar. 1989; Genitalia slide: EvN4200; RMNH.INS.24200; Wagner, D.L., personal collection. - Oklahoma • 1; Payne Co., Mehan; 36.014339N, 96.996744W; 26 Jun. 2016; M.W. Palmer leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; emerged 16 Apr. 2017; EventId: CSE3567; CSEC. - Vermont • 3 ♂; Addison Co, Button Bay SP, Lake Champlain borders; 44.18154N, 73.36892W; alt. 40-50 m; 16 Sep. 2011; E.J. van Nieukerken leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; emerged 23 Apr. 2012; EventId: EvN no 2011254-1K; Genitalia slide: EvN4376; RMNH.INS.24376. • 1 ♀; Salisbury Co., Bryant Mtn., 16 Pudding Hill Rd.; 44.54347N, 72.009928W; 10-11 Sep. 1987; D.L. Wagner leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; emerged 29 Apr. 1988; Genitalia slide: JCK15220; Wagner, D.L., personal collection.

Larvae and leafmines examined.

USA - Massachusetts • Franklin Co., Northfield; 42.646558N, 72.426541W; 16 Sep. 2016; Charley Eiseman leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; CSEC. • Hampshire Co., Pelham; 42.363212N, 72.460107W; 30 Aug. 2013; Charley Eiseman leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; EventId: CSE914; CSEC; • 1 larva; Nantucket Co., Nantucket, Squam Swamp; 41.319937N, 70.00244W; alt. 2 m; 07 Sep. 2011; C.S. Eiseman leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; EventId: C4; RMNH.INS.29941. • Plymouth Co., Bridgewater; 41.985542N, 71.044771W; 16 Aug. 2013; C.S. Eiseman leg.; Parthenocissus ; EventId: CSE983; RMNH. - Vermont • Chittenden Co., Williston, Mud Pond; 44.413625N, 73.075697W; 28 Aug. 2016; Charley Eiseman leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; EventId: CSE3764; CSEC.

BOLD data, material not examined.

CANADA - Ontario • 1; St Williams, Turkey Point Provincial Park; 42.7052N, 80.3285W; alt. 222 m; 23 Jun. 2014-07 Jul. 2014; CBG Collections Staff leg.; EventId: GMP#03287; BIOUG35664-A01. • 1; Thorold, Short Hills Provincial Park; 43.1129N, 79.2738W; alt. 94 m; 23 Jun. 2014-07 Jul. 2014; CBG Collections Staff leg.; EventId: GMP#03255; BIOUG35571-A12.

Observations.

USA - Massachusetts • Nantucket Co., Nantucket, Stump Pond; 41.292454N, 70.002666W; 05 Sep. 2019; Charley Eiseman leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/44821470. • New York • Putnam Co., Putnam Valley, 392 Dennytown Rd.; 41.41309N, 73.86508W; 09 Aug. 2016; Even Dankowicz leg.; Parthenocissus ; https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/17908231, https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/17908234. - Rhode Island • Washington Co., Block Island; 41.195N, 71.5652W; 08 Aug. 2019; Aaron Hunt leg.; Parthenocissus ; https://bugguide.net/node/view/1741669/bgimage. - Vermont • Chittenden Co., Shelburne; 44.39445N, 73.23003W; 14 Sep. 2019; Spencer Hardy leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/32714140. - Wisconsin • Dane Co., Madison, UW Lakeshore Nature Preserve; 43.084N, 89.429W; 25 Aug. 2019; Tom Klein leg.; Parthenocissus quinquefolia ; https://bugguide.net/node/view/1717010/bgimage.

Figures

Figures 1 - 8. Aspilanta species, mounted adult moths. 1 A. oinophylla, male, USA, VT, RMNH. INS. 24378 2 A. hydrangaeella, female, USA, NC, RMNH. INS. 25191 3 A. ampelopsifoliella, male, USA, CT, RMNH. INS. 24377 4 A argentifera, female, USA, MA, RMNH. INS. 25019 5 A. voraginella, male, USA, AZ, RMNH. INS. 23918 6 A. argentifera, female holotype 7 Undescribed species in unnamed genus 14 (" Neospila "), male, Chile, Osorno, 20 km W of Entre Lagos, 17. x. 1981, leg. Nielsen & Karsholt, genitalia slide EJvN 4632, ZMUC 8 A. viticordifoliella, female, Canada, Ottawa, from Parthenocissus, CNCLEP 00122404. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figures 9 - 11. Aspilanta species, denuded wings, showing venation. 9 A. oinophylla, male, veins labelled, RMNH. INS. 24257 10 A. hydrangaeella, female, RMNH. INS. 25191 11 A. ampelopsifoliella, male, RMNH. INS. 24376. Scale bars: 500 μm.

Figures 21 - 28. Aspilanta species, male genitalia. 21 A. oinophylla, phallus separate, RMNH. INS. 23920 22 A. ampelopsifoliella, phallus in situ, RMNH. INS. 24376 23 A. hydrangaeella, phallus in situ, RMNH. INS. 25192 24 A. voraginella, phallus separate, holotype, slide EJvN 3916 25 ditto, detail of transtilla 26 A. oinophylla, detail valva (flattened), RMNH. INS. 15247 27, 28 A. hydrangaeella, RMNH. INS. 25190, details of resp. tegumen and valvae. Scale bars: 100 μm.

Figures 29 - 33. Aspilanta species, female genitalia. 29 A. argentifera, RMNH. INS. 25019 30 A. oinophylla, RMNH. INS. 24211. 31 - 33 Tip of oviscapt: 31 A. argentifera, RMNH. INS. 25019 32 A. oinophylla, RMNH. INS. 24211 33 A. ampelopsifoliella, RMNH. INS. 15220. Scale bars: 200 μm (29, 30); 50 μm (31 - 33).

Figures 34 - 42. Aspilanta species, larval morphology, final feeding instar (4 th) and non-feeding instar (5 th, 36). 34 A. ampelopsifoliella, ventral aspect, ethanol preserved larva, RMNH. INS. 18672 P 35 A. viticordifoliella, ventral aspect, ethanol preserved larva, RMNH. INS. 18509 P 36 A. argentifera, head capsule, RMNH. INS. 18566 P 37 - 39 A. ampelopsifoliella, head and thorax, resp. focussed at mid levels (head only), dorsally and ventrally, RMNH. INS. 18672 P 40 A. oinophylla, head and thorax, RMNH. INS. 18394 P 41 A. ampelopsifoliella, last 3 abdominal segments, dorsal aspect, RMNH. INS. 18672 P 42 A. oinophylla, last 3 abdominal segments, ventral aspect, RMNH. INS. 18394 P. Scale bars: 1 mm (34, 35), 100 μm (36, 37, 41, 42), 200 μm (38 - 40).

Figures 45 - 50. Aspilanta species, live adult moths. 45 A. oinophylla, male, Italy, Suedtirol, Eisacktal, Klausen, 650 m, e. l. 1. viii. 2019, photograph Dieter Robrecht 46 A. hydrangaeella, female, dorsal view, NC, photograph EJvN 47 A. ampelopsifoliella, female, Pelham MA, photograph CSE 48 A. ampelopsifoliella, male, dorsal view, VT, photograph EJvN 49 A. argentifera, female, Stockbridge MA, photograph CSE 50 A. viticordifoliella, female, Pelham MA, photograph CSE.

Figures 69 - 79. Aspilanta ampelopsifoliella, leafmines, larvae and shields, on Parthenocissus quinquefolia. 69, 74 VT, Williston, 28. viii. 2016, CSE 3764 (same mine) 70, 76 - 78 MA, Pelham, 30. viii, 4. ix. 2013, CSE 1102, 1108 71 MA, Nantucket, Squam Swamp, 7. ix. 2011, CSE-C 4 72 MA, Northfield, 16. ix. 2016, CSE 73 MA, Nantucket, Stump Pond, 5. ix. 2019, CSE 75 VT, Button Bay SP, 16. ix. 2011, EvN 2011254 79 MA, Bridgewater, 16. viii. 2013, CSE 983.