Morulina

Palacios-Vargas, José G. & Gao, Yan, 2013, Study on the genus Morulina (Collembola: Neanuridae) with description of a new species from Northwest China, Zootaxa 3702 (2), pp. 179-186 : 180-181

Key to species of the genus Morulina

1. Tubercles De and Dl separated on the Abd. IV. De displaced to hind margin of the segment......................... 2

- Tubercles De and Dl fused into a single mass on the Abd. IV................................................. 13

2. Interocular area with 3 tubercles: 2 antennal and 1 frontal..................................................... 3

- Interocular area with 2 tubercles: composed of the fusion of each antennal with half of frontal....................... 12

3. Pigmented blue-black, not homogeneous, or pigment absent................................................... 4

- Body colorations blue-black, homogeneous................................................................ 7

4.- Yellow areas on the thoracic segments I and II, and abdominal I, II, III and IV. Mandible with three teeth...................................................................................... M. gilvipunctata (Uchida, 1938) ( Japan)

- Dorsal ground whitish, with traces of pigment on dorsal tubercles. Mandible 5 or 7 teeth............................. 5

5. Prothorax with 8 tubercles.................................................... M. delicata Bernard, 2006 ( USA)

- Prothorax with 6 tubercles as most Morulina spp............................................................. 6

6. Mandible with 5 teeth.................................................. M. pallidissima Cassagnau, 1997 ( Japan)

- Mandible with 7 teeth.............................................. M. alia Christiansen & Bellinger, 1980 ( USA)

7. Pectiniform mandible with 12–15 teeth, maxilla elongate....................................................................................... M. mackenziana Hammer, 1953 ( Canada, Wrangel Island, Northern parts of Nearctic)

- Mandible with 5̶7 teeth, apical two more or less curved...................................................... 8

8. Maxilla with elongated capitulum, styliform, ocular tubercles with 2–3 setae...................................... 9

- Maxilla with short thick capitulum with 3 teeth, ocular tubercle with 5–6 setae.................................... 11

9. Ventral tube with 8–10 pairs of setae; mandible with 7 teeth................................ nucifera sp. nov. ( China)

- Ventral tube with fewer than 8 setae; mandible with 5–6 teeth................................................. 10

10. Strong hypertrichosis, frontal tubercle with 5 setae. Macrosetae with globular or cylindrical apex. Di of Th. I with 4–7 setae........................................................................... M. orientis Tanaka, 1984 ( Japan)

- Weak hypertrichosis, frontal tubercle with 2 setae. Macrosetae acuminate or tapering apex. Di of Th. I with 2 setae............................................................................. M. himalayana Cassagnau, 1977 ( Nepal)

11. Strong hypertrichosis, Di of Th. I with 9–12 setae. Antennal tubercles with 9–12 setae. Mandible with 5 teeth.................................................................................. M. alata Yosii 1954 ( Russia and Japan)

- Weak hypertrichosis, Di of Th. I with 3–7 setae. Antennal tubercles with 5–7 setae. Mandible with 6 teeth whose of apex out- ward–hooking................................... M. thulensis Hammer, 1953 (Nearctic & North–Eastern Palearctic)

12. Cephalic tubercles Di+De with 8–10 setae.............................. M. triverrucosa Tanaka 1978 ( Japan, Korea)

- Cephalic tubercles Di+De with 6–7 setae; hypertrichosis usually less intense than in previous species ( M. triverrucosa )................................................................ M. pawlowskii Deharveng & Weiner, 1984 ( Korea)

13. Ocular tubercle with more than 3 setae................................................................... 14

- Ocular tubercle with 3 setae............................................................................ 16

14. Ocular tubercle with 4 setae................................................... M. callowayia Wray, 1953 ( USA)

- Ocular tubercle with more than 4 setae................................................................... 15

15. Ocular tubercle with 5–6 setae. Mouthparts not elongated: maxilla with capitulum thick and short, apex with 3 teeth; mandible with 6 teeth.............................................. M. gigantea (Tullberg, 1877) (Siberia, Alaska, Sakhalin)

- Ocular tubercle with 6–7 setae. Mouthparts elongated: Maxilla with 4 reduced lamellae, mandible with 5 teeth............................................................. M. stevehopkini Palacios ̶Va rg a s & Si m ón ̶Benito, 2007 ( USA)

16. Maxilla with a stout capitulum composed of 6 strong teeth and 2 slender lamellae.................................................................................................. M. crassa Chistiansen & Bellinger, 1980 ( USA)

- Maxilla styliform, with 2–3 lamellae, one of them with (less than 6) or without teeth............................... 17

17. Mandible with 11–13 teeth.......................................... M. theeli Babenko & Fjellberg, 2001 (Siberia)

- Mandible with fewer than 8 teeth........................................................................ 18

18. Mandible with 7–8 teeth.............................................. M. verrucosa (Börner, 1903) (Carpathians)

- Mandible with 5 or 6 teeth............................................................................ 19

19. Mandible with 5 curved teeth. Ventral tube with 5–6 setae........................... M. australis Tanaka 1984 ( Japan)

- Mandible with 6 teeth. Ventral tube with 8–12 setae....................... M. multatuberculata (Coleman, 1941) ( USA)